Effect of Volatile Fatty Acid Composition on Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Performance†

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biing-Teo Wong ◽  
Kuan-Yeow Show ◽  
Ay Su ◽  
Rui-jyun Wong ◽  
Duu-Jong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Detection of fatty acid beta-oxidizing syntrophic bacteria by fluorescence in situ hybridization

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Menes ◽  
D. Travers
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Enrichment Cultures ◽  
The Family ◽  
Syntrophic Bacteria ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

A new 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probe, specific for the cluster of fatty acid β-oxidizing syntrophic bacteria of the family Syntrophomonadaceae was designed for fluorescence in situ hybridization. This probe was evaluated with target as well as non-target cultures. Moreover this probe was assessed with butyrate and oleate degrading enrichment cultures and methanogenic sludges from full-scale plants. The results showed that the probe revealed the presence of fatty acid β-oxidizing syntrophic bacteria in some of the samples analyzed. However, cell quantification was possible only in enrichment cultures and in a flocculent sludge from a reactor that treats lipid-rich wastewaters, but not in methanogenic granular sludges from upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors.

Effect of replacing rolled barley with swedes or potatoes on the intake and rumen volatile fatty acid composition of lambs

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Ørskov ◽  
R. P. Andrews ◽  
J. C. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Intake ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Male Sheep

SUMMARYThe effect of gradually replacing barley with swedes or potatoes on intake of digestible dry matter and on the volatile fatty acid (VFA) composition of liquor was measured in an experiment with eight female and four castrated male sheep approximately six months old. The total intake of digestible dry matter was greatest when rolled barley was given at two-thirds of estimated maximal intake and roots given ad libitum. The intake of digestible dry matter was reduced to 80% of the highest intake when all the barley was substituted with swedes and to 70% of the highest intake when all the barley was substituted with potatoes. Replacing barley with roots had little or no influence on VFA composition.

scholarly journals Syntrophomonas palmitatica sp. nov., an anaerobic, syntrophic, long-chain fatty-acid-oxidizing bacterium isolated from methanogenic sludge

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 2137-2142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Hatamoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Imachi ◽  
Sanae Fukayo ◽  
Akiyoshi Ohashi ◽  
Hideki Harada
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Chain Lengths

A mesophilic, syntrophic, fatty-acid-oxidizing anaerobic strain, designated MPAT, was isolated from granular sludge in a mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor used to treat palm oil mill effluent. Cells were slightly curved, non-motile rods. Spore formation was not observed. The optimal temperature for growth was around 37 °C and optimal pH for growth was 7.0. Strain MPAT was able to grow on crotonate or pentenoate plus butyrate in pure culture. In co-culture with the hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanospirillum hungatei, strain MPAT was able to oxidize straight-chain saturated fatty acids with carbon chain lengths of C4–C18. The strain was unable to utilize sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, nitrate, fumarate, iron(III) or DMSO as an electron acceptor. The G+C content of the DNA was 45.0 mol%. Based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain MPAT was found to be a member of the genus Syntrophomonas and was most closely related to the type strains of Syntrophomonas curvata and Syntrophomonas sapovorans (sequence similarities of 94 %). Genetic and phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that strain MPAT represents a novel species, for which the name Syntrophomonas palmitatica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MPAT (=JCM 14374T=NBRC 102128T=DSM 18709T).

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Salo ◽  
E Vartiainen ◽  
P Puska ◽  
T Nikkari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

Health Benefits of Pumpkin Seed and Nutrition Profile of 35 Pumpkin Accessions

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M. Meru ◽  
Yuqing Fu ◽  
Dayana Leyva ◽  
Paul Sarnoski ◽  
Yavuz Yagiz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Production Practices

This article aims to summise production and nutrition aspects of pumpkin seed. Specifically, it focuses on health benefits of the seeds, production practices and provides data on the oil, protein and fatty acid composition of 35 pumpkin accessions.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document