Direct Three-Dimensional Characterization and Multiscale Visualization of Wheat Straw Deconstruction by White Rot Fungus

AbstractBioconversion of lignocellulosic materials into ethanol requires an intermediate pretreatment step for conditioning biomass. Sugar yields from wheat straw were previously improved by the addition of a mild alkali pretreatment step before bioconversion by the white-rot fungus Irpex lacteus. In this work, an alternative alkaline treatment, which significantly reduces water consumption, was implemented and optimized. Sugar recovery increased 117% with respect to the previously developed alkaline wash process at optimal process conditions (30°C, 30 minutes and 35.7% (w/w) of NaOH). In order to further reduce operational costs, a system for alkali recycling was implemented. This resulted in the treatment of 150% more wheat straw using the same amount of NaOH. Finally, enzymatic hydrolysis was optimized and resulted in a reduction of enzyme dose of 33%.

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Influence of white-rot fungus Polyporus brumalis BRFM 985 culture conditions on the pretreatment efficiency for anaerobic digestion of wheat straw

Biomass and Bioenergy ◽

10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.01.018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 110 ◽

pp. 75-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Elsa Rouches ◽

Simeng Zhou ◽

Michelle Sergent ◽

Sana Raouche ◽

Helene Carrere

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Polyporus Brumalis

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Three-Dimensional X-Ray Imaging and Analysis of Fungi on and in Wood

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927609990419 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 395-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Jan Van den Bulcke ◽

Matthieu Boone ◽

Joris Van Acker ◽

Luc Van Hoorebeke

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Fungal Mycelium ◽

X Ray ◽

Fungal Exposure ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Before And After ◽

Fundamental Research

AbstractAs wood is prone to fungal degradation, fundamental research is necessary to increase our knowledge aiming at product improvement. Several imaging modalities are capable of visualizing fungi, but the X-ray equipment presented in this article can envisage fungal mycelium in wood nondestructively in three dimensions with submicron resolution. Four types of wood subjected to the action of the white rot fungusCoriolus versicolor(Linnaeus) Quélet (CTB 863 A) were scanned using an X-ray-based approach. Comparison of wood volumes before and after fungal exposure, segmented manually or semiautomatically, showed the presence of the fungal mass on and in the wood samples and therefore demonstrated the usefulness of computed X-ray tomography for mycological and wood research. Further improvements to the experimental setup are necessary to resolve individual hyphae and enhance segmentation.

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Induction of laccase activity in the white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus using water polluted with wheat straw extracts

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.072 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 133 ◽

pp. 142-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Alejandra Parenti ◽

Elaia Muguerza ◽

Amaia Redin Iroz ◽

Alejandra Omarini ◽

Enma Conde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽

Laccase Activity ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus

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Decolourization of a textile-reactive dye with Phanerochaete chrysosporium incubated in different ways under non-sterile conditions

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2006.065 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Dawen Gao ◽

Xianghua Wen ◽

Yonggang Zeng ◽

Yi Qian

Keyword(s):

Liquid Medium ◽

Polyurethane Foam ◽

Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Reactive Dye ◽

Polyurethane Foams ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Micro Organisms

Most studies on decolourization of reactive dye with Phanerochaete chrysosporium have been performed under sterile conditions. In this paper, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, suspended in liquid medium, immobilized on nylon nets, and immobilized on polyurethane foams were studied to decolorize a textile-reactive dye in agitated liquid incubation under non-sterile conditions. The results showed that the decolourization against reactive brilliant red K-2BP by mycelia pellets in suspended cultures, the fungi immobilized on nylon nets and immobilized on polyurethane foams were 0%, 52% and 95%, respectively. The suspended incubation system and the system with nylon nets were contaminated with yeasts, which deteriorated the decolourization effects. The three-dimensional reticular structure of polyurethane foam was benefit to Phanerochaete chrysosporium growth in spreading mycelia taking nutrients and oxygen effectively. The foam could quickly absorb liquid medium into its holes, leaving much less nutrients to support the growth of single cell micro-organisms such as yeast in liquid. The micro-environment existed in polyurethane foam was close to the wild growth conditions of white rot fungus in nature. In conclusion, immobilized culture with polyurethane foam carriers is advantaged to reduce the colonization of other micro-organisms, and makes Phanerochaete chrysosporium possess higher decolorizing ability under non-sterile conditions.

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Enhancing of the utilization of palm leaf hay using Bacillus subtilis and Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the diet of lambs under desert conditions

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2020-0052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Hatem A. Hamdon ◽

Ahmed E. Kholif ◽

Gamal B. Mahmoud ◽

Ali M.A. Khalifa ◽

Mohamed N.M. Abdel Ati

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Blood Metabolites ◽

Palm Leaf

AbstractThe efficiency of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis and white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium on growth performance, blood metabolites, carcass characteristics, meat composition and nutrient digestibility of lambs fed crushed whole palm leaf hay was investigated for 105 d. In Experiment 1 (Growth experiment), twenty-four lambs (29.5 ± 1.25 kg) were divided into four feed-based treatments: (1) concentrate and wheat straw ad libitum (control), (2) palm leaf hay (DPL), (3) palm leaf hay supplemented with 2 g of B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium (DPL2) or (4) palm leaf hay supplemented with 4 g of B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium (DPL4). In Experiment 2 (Digestibility experiment), twelve rams, three from each treatment, were used to study nutrient digestibility using the faecal bag technique. Results of the Experiment 1 showed that the DPL4 showed greater (P=0.049) live-weight gain than the control. The diets containing palm leaf hay showed lower (P=0.001) roughage and total feed intake and higher (P=0.001) feed efficiency than the control. Increased serum total protein, globulin, urea-N, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were observed with the DPL4 (P˂0.05). Additionally, diets containing palm leaf hay showed higher ALT levels than the control. The DPL4 increased the hot carcass weight (P=0.006) and dressing percentage (P=0.036), and the diets supplemented with B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium decreased (P˂0.05) the tail fat and all fat levels compared with the DPL treatment. Results of the Experiment 2 showed that nutrient digestibility was lower (P˂0.05) with the DPL and DPL2 than with the control and DPL4. Compared with the control, nutrient digestibility of DPL4 was not affected. It is concluded that replacement of wheat straw with palm leaf hay did not affect the feed utilization or animal performance of the lambs; however, supplementation with B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium at 4 g/lamb daily enhanced the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and carcass characteristics without any adverse effects on blood metabolites.

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Integrative visual omics of the white-rot fungus Polyporus brumalis exposes the biotechnological potential of its oxidative enzymes for delignifying raw plant biomass

10.1101/296152 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Shingo Miyauchi ◽

Anaïs Rancon ◽

Elodie Drula ◽

Delphine Chaduli ◽

Anne Favel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Lignin Degradation ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

White Rot ◽

Fungal Genome ◽

Oxidative Enzymes ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Large Set ◽

Combining Data ◽

Polyporus Brumalis

AbstractWhite-rot fungi are wood decayers able to degrade all polymers from lignocellulosic biomass including cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. The white-rot fungus Polyporus brumalis efficiently breaks down lignin and is regarded as having a high potential for the initial treatment of plant biomass in its conversion to bio-energy. We performed integrative multi-omics analyses by combining data from the fungal genome, transcriptomes, and secretomes. We found the fungus possessed an unexpectedly large set of genes coding for enzymes related to lignin degradation, and that these were highly expressed and massively secreted under solid-state fermentation conditions. The examination of interrelated multi-omics patterns revealed the coordinated regulation of lignin-active peroxidases and H2O2-generating enzymes along with the activation of cellular mechanisms for detoxification, which combined to result in the efficient lignin breakdown by the fungus.ImportancePlant biomass conversion for green chemistry and bio-energy is a current challenge for a modern sustainable bioeconomy. The complex polyaromatic lignin polymers in raw biomass feedstocks (i.e. agriculture and forestry by-products) are major obstacles for biomass conversions. From a biotechnological aspect, these compounds could be a potential source of aromatic platform molecules for bio-based polymers. Here we describe the extraordinary ability of Polyporus brumalis for lignin degradation using its enzymatic arsenal to break down wheat straw, a lignocellulosic substrate that is considered as a biomass feedstock worldwide. We observed unusual expansions of gene families coding for; 1) Class II peroxidases involved in lignin degradation; and 2) GMC oxidoreductases/dehydrogenases involved in generating the hydrogen peroxide required for lignin peroxidase activity. Our findings suggested the fungus massively mobilizes this oxidative machinery during growth on wheat straw. Overall, we identified sets of co-regulated enzymes, which could potentially augment the efficiency of biotechnological plant biomass conversions.

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