Reply to “Comment on the Removal Mechanism of Hexavalent Chromium by Biomaterials or Biomaterial-Based Activated Carbons” (Comment on “Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Aqueous Solution Using Low-Cost Activated Carbons Derived from Agricultural Waste Materials and Activated Carbon Fabric Cloth”)†

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 2411-2412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Mohan ◽  
Kunwar P. Singh ◽  
Vinod K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Removal Mechanism ◽  
Carbon Fabric

Removal of pyridine from aqueous solution using low cost activated carbons derived from agricultural waste materials

Carbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 2409-2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Mohan ◽  
Kunwar P. Singh ◽  
Sarita Sinha ◽  
Deblina Gosh
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Materials

scholarly journals Removal of Ni (II) from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption onto Activated Carbon Prepared from Lapsi (Choerospondias axillaris) Seed Stone

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeshwar M. Shrestha ◽  
Margit Varga ◽  
Imre Varga ◽  
Amar P. Yadav ◽  
Bhadra P. Pokharel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Nickel Adsorption

Activated carbons were prepared from Lapsi seed stone by the treatment with H2SO4 and HNO3 for the removal of Ni (II) ions from aqueous solution. Two activated carbon have been prepared from Lapsi seed stones by treating with conc.H2SO4 and a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3 in the ratio of 1:1 by weight for removal of Ni(II) ions. Chemical characterization of the resultant activated carbons was studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Boehm titration which revealed the presence of oxygen containing surface functional groups like carboxyl, lactones and phenols in the carbons. The optimum pH for nickel adsorption is found to be 5. The adsorption data were better fitted with the Langmuir equations than Freundlich adsorption equation to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacity of Ni (II) on the resultant activated carbons was 28.25.8 mg g-1 with H2SO4 and 69.49 mg g-1 with a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3. The waste material used in the preparation of the activated carbons is inexpensive and readily available. Hence the carbons prepared from Lapsi seed stones can act as potential low cost adsorbents for the removal of Ni (II) from water. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v9i1.10680Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 166–174

Removal of pyridine derivatives from aqueous solution by activated carbons developed from agricultural waste materials

Carbon ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1680-1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Mohan ◽  
Kunwar P. Singh ◽  
Sarita Sinha ◽  
Devlina Gosh
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Pyridine Derivatives

scholarly journals Application of Factorial Design for the Optimization of Hexavalent Chromium Removal Using a New Low-cost Adsorbent: Adsorption Isotherms, Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1247-1262
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

This research work involved using factorial experimental design techniques to investigate the adsorption of hexavalent chromium from an aqueous solution on medlar activated carbon. A 24 full factorial experimental design was employed to determine the optimum values and degree of importance of parameters: pH, initial Cr (VI) concentration, adsorbent dose, and contact time at two levels. The optimized conditions for hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) removal were at initial pH 1.5, 5 mg.L−1Cr (VI), adsorbent dose 6 mg, and 60 min adsorption time. The results predicted a good agreement between the predicted values (R2= 0.9909), as obtained by the model, and the experimental value (R2= 0.9977). The main effects and interaction effects were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), F-test and P-values to define the most important process variables affecting Cr (VI) adsorption. The most significant variables were therefore the pH of the solution and the adsorbent dose. Therefore, the present results demonstrate that medlar activated carbon should be regarded as a low-cost alternative for removing Cr (VI) from an aqueous solution. The adsorption data were evaluated by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms. The results showed that the Langmuir isotherm model best describes the equilibrium adsorption with a high correlation coefficient.

scholarly journals Study of pre-treatment of quinoline in aqueous solution using activated carbon made from low-cost agricultural waste (walnut shells) modified with ammonium persulfate

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 2086-2094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Yang ◽  
Xuansheng Hu ◽  
Peijuan Zhang ◽  
Xiaogang Chen ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Isotherms ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Walnut Shells ◽  
Column Adsorption ◽  
Initial Adsorption

Abstract Activated carbon made from agricultural waste (walnut shells) was investigated as a suitable adsorbent for effectively removing quinoline from industrial wastewater. The activated carbon was treated with phosphoric acid and oxidized by ammonium persulfate and its ability to adsorb pyridine and quinoline in aqueous solution was investigated. Kinetic parameters for the adsorption process were determined through pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models and intraparticle diffusion models. Equilibrium experiments and adsorption isotherms were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. After reaching equilibrium, the activated carbon adsorbed quinoline in preference to pyridine: the equilibrium adsorptions from individual aqueous solutions (200 μL L−1) of quinoline and pyridine were 166.907 mg g−1 and 72.165 mg g−1, respectively. Thermodynamic studies of quinoline adsorption were conducted at different temperatures and indicated that quinoline adsorption was an endothermic and spontaneous process. The column-adsorption of quinoline and pyridine was consistent with the Thomas model and the Yoon-Nelson model. The removal efficiency of quinoline reached more than 97% for a velocity of 6 mL min−1 at the initial adsorption stage.

scholarly journals Activated Carbon from the Peelings of Cassava Tubers (Manihot esculenta) for the Removal of Nickel(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Brice Armel Ajouafeu Alongamo ◽  
Lydie Dodo Ajifack ◽  
Julius Numbonui Ghogomu ◽  
Ndi Julius Nsami ◽  
Joseph Mbadcam Ketcha
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Homogeneous Surface

Activated carbons were obtained from the peelings of cassava tubers (Manihot esculenta) by chemical activation using potassium hydroxide and phosphoric acid at impregnation ratios of 2 : 1 and 1 : 1, respectively, at 400°C for batch adsorption of nickel(II) ions from aqueous solution. Characterization of activated carbon samples was achieved via proximate analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, pH of zero-point charge, Boehm method, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and iodine number determination for each adsorbent. The effects of pH, contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and adsorbent dose were studied at 27°C in order to optimize the conditions for maximum adsorption. Equilibrium was attained after 40 minutes of contact of both materials with activating solutions. Maximum adsorption capacities of 41.15 mg/g for ACPH, 47.39 mg/g for ACPA, 35.34 mg/g for NIC, and 34.48 mg/g for RM, respectively, were obtained at pH = 4. Equilibrium data showed that the Langmuir model best described the adsorption process with R2 closed to unity, indicative of monolayer adsorption on a homogeneous surface. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process is controlled by the pseudo-second-order model. These results show that activated carbon prepared from cassava peelings constitutes an effective low-cost material for the treatment of wastewater containing nickel(II) ions.

scholarly journals APPLICATIONS OF ACTIVATED CARBON IN WASTE WATER TREATMENT AS A LOW COST MEDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P.K Dasanayaka
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Recovery Methods

Environmental pollution caused by the anthropogenic activities is a global challenge. Pollution due to discharge of untreated wastewater, contributes to it considerably. High expenditures for the treatment technologies can be considered as one of the major reason for improper wastewater discharge. Activated carbon provides an excellent solution for this issue as it can be used as a low cost wastewater treatment adsorbent. This paper review, types of activated carbon, their applications and recovery methods in wastewater treatment. Activated carbon from conventional waste such as agricultural waste, woody waste and non conventional waste such as municipal waste can be used as a low cost media for waste water purifications. Physical and chemical processes are used to improve the adsorption property of the activated carbon. H3PO4, KOH and ZnCl2 are the most frequently used chemicals for the activation process. Granular activated carbon, powdered activated carbon, activated carbon fibers and carbon clothes are the major physical forms of the activated carbon. These physical forms are important to maximize the adsorption process according to the purpose of usage. Activated carbon is used to remove heavy metals, dyes, COD, BOD, organic contaminants and volatile organic compounds in the waste water. Various recovery methods are applied to regenerate activated carbons. Among them, chemical, thermal, and bio regeneration methods are examined. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats related to use of activated carbon and future research priority areas are also discussed

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