Role of ethylene action in ethylene production and poststorage leaf senescence and survival of pelargonium cuttings

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Kadner ◽  
Uwe Druege
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Ethylene Action

scholarly journals Extended Shelf Life and Quality of Fresh-cut Papaya Derived from Ripe Fruit Treated with the Ethylene Antagonist 1-Methylcyclopropene

2006 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muharrem Ergun ◽  
Donald J. Huber ◽  
Jiwon Jeong ◽  
Jerry A. Bartz
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
Intact Control ◽  
Ethylene Action ◽  
Ethylene Antagonist ◽  
Fresh Cut

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of ethylene action, via use of the ethylene antagonist 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), on the senescence and quality of fresh-cut ripe papaya (Carica papaya L. `Sunrise Solo') fruit. Ripe papaya fruit were treated with 2.5 μL·L-1 1-MCP and immediately processed into fresh-cut slices or left intact. At 2-day intervals over 10 days at 5 °C, continuously stored slices were monitored for ethylene production, firmness, electrolyte leakage, color, sensory changes, and pathogen incidence. Slices freshly prepared from intact fruit stored under identical conditions were measured similarly. Ethylene production did not differ significantly between the treatments, although production rates were slightly but consistently higher in slices from intact control compared with intact 1-MCP-treated fruit. Mesocarp firmness of continuously stored slices and slices from fruit stored intact was significantly retained by 1-MCP. Firmness of continuously stored slices from 1-MCP-treated fruit declined 50% compared with 75% for control slices. Firmness of fresh-cut slices prepared from intact control and 1-MCP-treated fruit at each sampling interval declined 26% and 15%, respectively. Electrolyte leakage remained low and changed little in slices freshly prepared from fruit stored intact. Leakage from continuously stored papaya slices increased after 4 days, and after 6 days controls increased significantly compared with stored slices derived from papaya fruit initially treated with the ethylene antagonist. The flesh color of continuously stored slices or slices prepared from fruit stored intact was influenced by 1-MCP only during the later periods of storage. Microbial counts in stored slices or slices prepared at each sampling were generally unaffected by 1-MCP. Informal sensory analysis indicated that the edible shelf life was 6 days in stored slices from 1-MCP-treated fruit compared with 2 to 3 days for stored slices from control fruit.

scholarly journals Programmed chloroplast destruction during leaf senescence involves 13-lipoxygenase (13-LOX)

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (12) ◽  
pp. 3383-3388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Springer ◽  
ChulHee Kang ◽  
Sachin Rustgi ◽  
Diter von Wettstein ◽  
Christiane Reinbothe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Transit Peptide ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Pathogen Defense ◽  
Chloroplast Transit Peptide ◽  
Selective Destruction ◽  
Plastid Envelope ◽  
Volatile Aldehydes

Leaf senescence is the terminal stage in the development of perennial plants. Massive physiological changes occur that lead to the shut down of photosynthesis and a cessation of growth. Leaf senescence involves the selective destruction of the chloroplast as the site of photosynthesis. Here, we show that 13-lipoxygenase (13-LOX) accomplishes a key role in the destruction of chloroplasts in senescing plants and propose a critical role of its NH2-terminal chloroplast transit peptide. The 13-LOX enzyme identified here accumulated in the plastid envelope and catalyzed the dioxygenation of unsaturated membrane fatty acids, leading to a selective destruction of the chloroplast and the release of stromal constituents. Because 13-LOX pathway products comprise compounds involved in insect deterrence and pathogen defense (volatile aldehydes and oxylipins), a mechanism of unmolested nitrogen and carbon relocation is suggested that occurs from leaves to seeds and roots during fall.

THE ROLE OF CYTOKININS AND ETHYLENE INHIBITORS ON LENTICEL HYPERTROPHY GENERATION AND ETHYLENE PRODUCTION IN IN VITRO CULTURES OF POPULUS EUPHRATICA OLIVIER

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Lledó ◽  
M.B. Crespo ◽  
J.B. Amo-Marco
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Populus Euphratica ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ethylene Inhibitors ◽  
Se Spain ◽  
Ethylene Formation ◽  
Free Media

Populus euphratica Olivier is native to the Irano—Turanian areas (Middle East). Elche (Alicante province, SE Spain) is known to be its only European location. Nodal segments from root shoots were established in vitro in a Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with several cytokinins. Ethylene inhibitors AgNO3 and CoCl2 were used in combination with kinetin. Hormone-free media supplemented with sucrose (20–60 mg 1−1) was also tested. Ethylene was measured by gas chromatography, and both the percentage of sprouting shoots and lenticel hypertrophy in cultures were recorded. Ethylene production was higher in cultures supplemented with cytokinins (especially with meta-topolin), with high sprouting percentages, and lenticel hypertrophy. In cultures supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine or 6-(γ,γ,-dimethylallylamino)-purine, ethylene production was lower and explants looked unhealthy. Ethylene formation was inhibited in cultures supplemented with AgNO3 (1 mg 1−1), which also decreased percentage of sprouting buds and lenticel hypertrophy.

Role of Histones During Leaf Senescence

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhubaneswar Pradhan ◽  
Krishna Kumar Jangid ◽  
Maryam Sarwat ◽  
Sujit Kumar Bishi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence

Herbicide-Induced Ethylene Production: Role of the Gas in Sublethal Doses of 2,4-D

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. B. Abeles
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Ethylene production was stimulated by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) from light-grown corn (Zea mays L., var. XL-15) and soybeans (Glycine max Merr., var. Hawkeye). Ethylene had an inhibitory effect on the growth of corn and soybeans, but a reversal of the ethylene effect could not be clearly demonstrated using the competitive inhibitor, carbon dioxide. Ethylene did not mimic the ability of 2,4-D to cause growth curvatures. It was concluded that ethylene played a role in the activity of sublethal amounts of 2,4-D.

Role of Sucrose in the Metabolism of IAA-Conjugates as Related to Ethylene Production by Tobacco Leaf Discs

Ethylene ◽  
1984 ◽  
pp. 97-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimon Meir ◽  
Sonia Philosoph-Hadas ◽  
Ephraim Epstein ◽  
Nehemia Aharoni
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
Iaa Conjugates

scholarly journals Characterization of Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor-Like Kinase 4 as a Negative Regulator of Leaf Senescence in Arabidopsis

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxu Li ◽  
Salman Ahmad ◽  
Akhtar Ali ◽  
Cun Guo ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Knockout Mutant ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Extracellular Signals ◽  
Early Leaf Senescence

Leaf senescence is a genetically controlled process that involves the perception of extracellular signals and signal transduction. The receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs) are known to act as an important class of cell surface receptors and are involved in multiple biological processes such as development and stress responses. The functions of a number of RLK members have been characterized in Arabidopsis and other plant species, but only a limited number of RLK proteins have been reported to be associated with leaf senescence. In the present study, we have characterized the role of the somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase 4 (SERK4) gene in leaf senescence. The expression of SERK4 was up-regulated during leaf senescence and by several abiotic stress treatments in Arabidopsis. The serk4-1 knockout mutant was found to display a significant early leaf senescence phenotype. Furthermore, the results of overexpression analysis and complementary analysis supported the idea that SERK4 acts as a negative regulator in the process of leaf senescence.

scholarly journals A WRKY transcription factor, TaWRKY42-B, facilitates initiation of leaf senescence by promoting jasmonic acid biosynthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Ming Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Wen Zhang ◽  
Yong-Wei Liu ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Qi Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factor ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Source To Sink ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Functional Investigation

Abstract Background Leaf senescence comprises numerous cooperative events, integrates environmental signals with age-dependent developmental cues, and coordinates the multifaceted deterioration and source-to-sink allocation of nutrients. In crops, leaf senescence has long been regarded as an essential developmental stage for productivity and quality, whereas functional characterization of candidate genes involved in the regulation of leaf senescence has, thus far, been limited in wheat. Results In this study, we analyzed the expression profiles of 97 WRKY transcription factors (TFs) throughout the progression of leaf senescence in wheat and subsequently isolated a potential regulator of leaf senescence, TaWRKY42-B, for further functional investigation. By phenotypic and physiological analyses in TaWRKY42-B-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants and TaWRKY42-B-silenced wheat plants, we confirmed the positive role of TaWRKY42-B in the initiation of developmental and dark-induced leaf senescence. Furthermore, our results revealed that TaWRKY42-B promotes leaf senescence mainly by interacting with a JA biosynthesis gene, AtLOX3, and its ortholog, TaLOX3, which consequently contributes to the accumulation of JA content. In the present study, we also demonstrated that TaWRKY42-B was functionally conserved with AtWRKY53 in the initiation of age-dependent leaf senescence. Conclusion Our results revealed a novel positive regulator of leaf senescence, TaWRKY42-B, which mediates JA-related leaf senescence via activation of JA biosynthesis and has the potential to be a target gene for molecular breeding in wheat.

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