The Effects of Uncoupling Protein 1 and β3-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Polymorphisms on Weight Loss and Lipid Profiles in Obese Women

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Yun Kim ◽  
Sang Sun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 1 ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Meal Replacements

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the genetic polymorphisms of the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and beta 3 adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) were associated with differences in weight loss and lipid profiles in obese premenopausal women exposed to low-calorie meal replacements over a period of six weeks. Forty women between the ages of 20 and 35 were randomly divided into two groups, each of which consumed one of two low-calorie meal replacements containing either white rice or mixed rice. Although body weight, body mass index (BMI), blood glucose concentration, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were not significantly different by the UCP1 genotype in the white rice group, there were significant differences in body weight (p = 0.041), BMI (p = 0.027), and blood glucose concentration (p = 0.047) between carriers and non-carriers of the G allele in the mixed rice group after the six-week meal replacement intervention. The β3-AR polymorphism showed no apparent affect on these parameters. Dietary fiber affects weight gain since it is closely related with absorption of nutrients. As a result, the AA type UCP1 genotype produced significant weight loss in the mixed rice group, but not in the white rice group.

scholarly journals Additive Effects of the Mutations in theβ3-Adrenergic Receptor and Uncoupling Protein-1 Genes on Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance in Finnish Women1

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 4246-4250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Fogelholm ◽  
Raisa Valve ◽  
Katriina Kukkonen-Harjula ◽  
Arja Nenonen ◽  
Virpi Hakkarainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 1

Ketone infusion lowers hormonal responses to hypoglycaemia: Evidence for acute cerebral utilization of a non-glucose fuel

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Amiel ◽  
Helen R. Archibald ◽  
Gary Chusney ◽  
Alistair J. K. Williams ◽  
Edwin A. M. Gale
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽  
Hormonal Responses ◽  
Soluble Insulin ◽  
Hormone Responses ◽  
Single Blind

1. The effect of hyperketonaemia on counter-regulatory hormone responses to hypoglycaemia has been examined in six healthy subjects. 2. A controlled, step-wise reduction in blood glucose concentration was achieved by adjusting the rate of glucose infusion during a primed-continuous infusion of soluble insulin (1.5 m-units min−1 kg−1 body weight, plasma insulin concentration approximately 90 m-units/l). Simultaneous infusion of either saline or β-hydroxybutyrate (3 mg min−1 kg−1 body weight) was administered in a single-blind fashion, in random order. Despite a need for 40% more glucose during the ketone infusion, an identical fall in blood glucose concentration was achieved in each study. 3. The glycaemic threshold for stimulating an adrenaline response of 0.41 nmol/l was reduced from 3.1 to 2.8 mmol/l (P < 0.05) during ketone infusion, and that for stimulating a response of more than 50% of basal from 3.6 to 3.1 mmol/l (P < 0.001). The peak adrenaline response fell from 7.97 to 2.6 nmol/l (P < 0.04). Peak noradrenaline, cortisol and growth hormone responses were also significantly lower during ketone infusion (P = 0.04, 0.001 and 0.006, respectively). Glucagon responses alone were unaffected by hyperketonaemia. 4. The provision of an alternate metabolic fuel thus produced immediate changes in the neurohumoral responses to hypoglycaemia. This is consistent with the hypothesis that human nervous tissue can metabolize ketones acutely.

scholarly journals In Vitro & In Vivo Anti-Hyperglycemic Potential of Saponins Cake and Argan Oil from Argania spinosa

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1078
Author(s):  
Rabie Kamal ◽  
Mourad Kharbach ◽  
Yvan Vander Heyden ◽  
Huiwen Yu ◽  
Abdelaziz Bouklouze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Argania Spinosa ◽  
Argan Oil

The Argan tree (Argania spinosa. L) is an evergreen tree endemic of southwestern Morocco. For centuries, various formulations have been used to treat several illnesses including diabetes. However, scientific results supporting these actions are needed. Hence, Argan fruit products (i.e., cake byproducts (saponins extract) and hand pressed Argan oil) were tested for their in-vitro anti-hyperglycemic activity, using α-glucosidase and α-amylase assays. The in-vivo anti-hyperglycemic activity was evaluated in a model of alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The diabetic animals were orally administered 100 mg/kg body weight of aqueous saponins cake extract and 3 mL/kg of Argan oil, respectively, to evaluate the anti-hyperglycemic effect. The blood glucose concentration and body weight of the experimental animals were monitored for 30 days. The chemical properties and composition of the Argan oil were assessed including acidity, peroxides, K232, K270, fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols, total polyphenols, and phenolic compounds. The saponins cake extract produced a significant reduction in blood glucose concentration in diabetic mice, which was better than the Argan oil. This decrease was equivalent to that detected in mice treated with metformin after 2–4 weeks. Moreover, the saponins cake extract showed a strong inhibitory action on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, which is also higher than that of Argan oil.

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