The Oral Intake of Organic Germanium, Ge-132, Elevates α-Tocopherol Levels in the Plas-ma and Modulates Hepatic Gene Expression Profiles to Promote Immune Activation in Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 0183-0195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Nakamura ◽  
Tomoya Takeda ◽  
Yoshihiko Tokuji
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Hepatic Gene Expression ◽  
Tocopherol Concentration ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Transfer Protein

The common water-soluble organic germanium compound poly-trans-[(2-carboxyethyl) germasesquioxane] (Ge-132) exhibits activities related to immune responses and antioxidant induction. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidative effect of dietary Ge-132 in the plasma of mice. Male ICR mice (seven mice per group) received an AIN-76 diet with 0.05 % Ge-132; three groups received the Ge-132-containing diet for 0, 1 or 4 days. The plasma alpha-tocopherol (α-tocopherol) concentration increased from 6.85 to 9.60 μg/ml after 4 days of Ge-132 intake (p < 0.05). We evaluated the changes in hepatic gene expression related to antioxidative activity as well as in the entire expression profile after one day of Ge-132 intake, using DNA microarray technology. We identified 1,220 genes with altered expression levels greater than 1.5-fold (increased or decreased) as a result of Ge-132 intake, and α-tocopherol transfer protein (Ttpa) gene expression was increased 1.62-fold. Immune activation was identified as the category with the most changes (containing 60 Gene Ontology (GO) term biological processes (BPs), 41 genes) via functional clustering analysis of altered gene expression. Ge-132 affected genes in clusters related to ATP production (22 GO term BPs, 21 genes), lipid metabolism (4 GO term BPs, 38 genes) and apoptosis (5 GO term BPs). Many GO term BPs containing these categories were significantly affected by the Ge-132 intake. Oral Ge-132 intake may therefore have increased plasma α-tocopherol levels by up-regulating α-tocopherol transfer protein (Ttpa) gene expression.

Mo1530 Ligand Dependent Hepatic Gene Expression Profiles of Nuclear Receptors Car and PXR

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. S-988
Author(s):  
Satoru Kakizaki ◽  
Hiroki Tojima ◽  
Yuichi Yamazaki ◽  
Daichi Takizawa ◽  
Norio Horiguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Hepatic Gene Expression

Isolation stress for 30 days alters hepatic gene expression profiles, especially with reference to lipid metabolism in mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Motoyama ◽  
Yuji Nakai ◽  
Tomoya Miyashita ◽  
Yuichiro Fukui ◽  
Maki Morita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Dna Microarray ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Secretory Pathway ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Hepatic Gene Expression ◽  
Isolation Stress

To elucidate the physiological responses to a social stressor, we exposed mice to an isolation stress and analyzed their hepatic gene expression profiles using a DNA microarray. Male BALB/c mice were exposed to isolation stress for 30 days, and then hepatic RNA was sampled and subjected to DNA microarray analysis. The isolation stress altered the expression of 420 genes (after considering the false discovery rate). Gene Ontology analysis of these differentially expressed genes indicated that the stress remarkably downregulated the lipid metabolism-related pathway through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, while the lipid biosynthesis pathway controlled by sterol regulatory element binding factor 1, Golgi vesicle transport, and secretory pathway-related genes were significantly upregulated. These results suggest that isolation for 30 days with a mild and consecutive social stress regulates the systems for lipid metabolism and also causes endoplasmic reticulum stress in mouse liver.

scholarly journals Dose-response relationships in gene expression profiles in a harbor seal B lymphoma cell line exposed to 17α-ethinyl estradiol

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Kleinert ◽  
Matthieu Blanchet ◽  
François Gagné ◽  
Michel Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Harbor Seal ◽  
Lymphoma Cell ◽  
Lymphoma Cell Line ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
B Lymphoma

The determination of changes in gene expression profiles with xenobiotic dose will allow identifying biomarkers and modes of toxicant action. The harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) 11B7501 B lymphoma cell line was exposed to 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10,000, or 25,000 μg/L 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2, the active compound of the contraceptive pill) for 24 h. Following exposure, RNA was extracted and transformed into cDNA. Transcript expression in exposed vs. control lymphocytes was analyzed via RT-qPCR to identify genes with altered expression. Our analysis indicates that gene expression for all but the reference gene varied with dose, suggesting that different doses induce distinct physiological responses. These findings demonstrate that RT-qPCR could be used to identify immunotoxicity and relative dose in harbor seal leukocytes.

scholarly journals Effects of Collagen–Glycosaminoglycan Mesh on Gene Expression as Determined by Using Principal Component Analysis-Based Unsupervised Feature Extraction

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4117
Author(s):  
Y-h. Taguchi ◽  
Turki Turki
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Unsupervised Feature Extraction

The development of the medical applications for substances or materials that contact cells is important. Hence, it is necessary to elucidate how substances that surround cells affect gene expression during incubation. In the current study, we compared the gene expression profiles of cell lines that were in contact with collagen–glycosaminoglycan mesh and control cells. Principal component analysis-based unsupervised feature extraction was applied to identify genes with altered expression during incubation in the treated cell lines but not in the controls. The identified genes were enriched in various biological terms. Our method also outperformed a conventional methodology, namely, gene selection based on linear regression with time course.

scholarly journals Formation of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm in the Presence of Sublethal Concentrations of Disinfectants Studied via a Transcriptomic Analysis Using Transcriptome Sequencing (RNA-seq)

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Slany ◽  
J. Oppelt ◽  
L. Cincarova
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is a common biofilm-forming pathogen. Low doses of disinfectants have previously been reported to promote biofilm formation and to increase virulence. The aim of this study was to use transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis to investigate global transcriptional changes in S. aureus in response to sublethal concentrations of the commonly used food industry disinfectants ethanol (EtOH) and chloramine T (ChT) and their combination (EtOH_ChT) in order to better understand the effects of these agents on biofilm formation. Treatment with EtOH and EtOH_ChT resulted in more significantly altered expression profiles than treatment with ChT. Our results revealed that EtOH and EtOH_ChT treatments enhanced the expression of genes responsible for regulation of gene expression (sigB), cell surface factors (clfAB), adhesins (sdrDE), and capsular polysaccharides (cap8EFGL), resulting in more intact biofilm. In addition, in this study we were able to identify the pathways involved in the adaptation of S. aureus to the stress of ChT treatment. Further, EtOH suppressed the effect of ChT on gene expression when these agents were used together at sublethal concentrations. These data show that in the presence of sublethal concentrations of tested disinfectants, S. aureus cells trigger protective mechanisms and try to cope with them. IMPORTANCE So far, the effect of disinfectants is not satisfactorily explained. The presented data will allow a better understanding of the mode of disinfectant action with regard to biofilm formation and the ability of bacteria to survive the treatment. Such an understanding could contribute to the effort to eliminate possible sources of bacteria, making disinfectant application as efficient as possible. Biofilm formation plays significant role in the spread and pathogenesis of bacterial species.

scholarly journals Influence of a Short-Term Iron-Deficient Diet on Hepatic Gene Expression Profiles in Rats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. e65732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asuka Kamei ◽  
Yuki Watanabe ◽  
Kaori Kondo ◽  
Shinji Okada ◽  
Fumika Shinozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Hepatic Gene Expression ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Iron Deficient

Interspecies comparison of acetaminophen hepatic gene expression profiles using pathway analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. S74-S75
Author(s):  
A. Boorsma ◽  
A.S. Kienhuis ◽  
H.M. Wortelboer ◽  
W.J. Maas ◽  
M. van Herwijnen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pathway Analysis ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Hepatic Gene Expression ◽  
Interspecies Comparison

scholarly journals Gene expression patterns associated with neurological disease in HIV infection

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Paolo Sanna ◽  
Vez Repunte-Canonigo ◽  
Eliezer Masliah ◽  
Celine Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Hiv Encephalitis

AbstractTo provide new insight into the pathogenesis of neurocognitive impairments (NCI) in HIV infection, we used the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) algorithm to analyze pathway dysregulations in gene expression profiles of HIV-infected patients with or without NCI and HIV encephalitis (HIVE). While HIVE was characterized by widespread inflammation and tissue damage, gene expression evidence of induction of interferon (IFN), cytokines and tissue injury was apparent in all brain regions studied before the emergence of NCI. Various degrees of white matter changes were present in all HIV-infected subjects and were the primary manifestation in patients with NCI in the absence of HIVE. The latter showed a distinct pattern of immune activation with induction of chemokines, cytokines, β-defensins, and limited IFN induction.Altogether results indicate that significant neuroinflammation and neuronal suffering precede NCI. Patients with NCI without HIVE showed a predominantly white matter dysfunction with a distinct pattern of immune activation.

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