scholarly journals The Four- vs. Alternative Six-Factor Structure of the French WISC-IV

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Lecerf ◽  
Jérôme Rossier ◽  
Nicolas Favez ◽  
Isabelle Reverte ◽  
Laurence Coleaux
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Chc Theory ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Technical Manual ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Perceptual Reasoning

Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses reported in the French technical manual of the WISC-IV provides evidence supporting a structure with four indices: Verbal Comprehension (VCI), Perceptual Reasoning (PRI), Working Memory (WMI), and Processing Speed (PSI). Although the WISC-IV is more attuned to contemporary theory, it is still not in total accordance with the dominant theory: the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory of cognitive ability. This study was designed to determine whether the French WISC-IV is better described with the four-factor solution or whether an alternative model based on the CHC theory is more appropriate. The intercorrelations matrix reported in the French technical manual was submitted to confirmatory factor analysis. A comparison of competing models suggests that a model based on the CHC theory fits the data better than the current WISC-IV structure. It appears that the French WISC-IV in fact measures six factors: crystallized intelligence (Gc), fluid intelligence (Gf), short-term memory (Gsm), processing speed (Gs), quantitative knowledge (Gq), and visual processing (Gv). We recommend that clinicians interpret the subtests of the French WISC-IV in relation to this CHC model in addition to the four indices.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Traditional Measures of Executive Function on Broad Abilities of the Cattell–Horn–Carroll Theory of Cognitive Abilities

Assessment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1375-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loes van Aken ◽  
Paul T. van der Heijden ◽  
Wouter Oomens ◽  
Roy P. C. Kessels ◽  
Jos I. M. Egger
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Intelligence Tests ◽  
Chc Theory ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Predicting Performance

The neuropsychological construct of executive functions (EFs), and the psychometric Cattell–Horn–Carroll (CHC) theory of cognitive abilities are both approaches that attempt to describe cognitive functioning. The coherence between EF and CHC abilities has been mainly studied using factor-analytical techniques. Through multivariate regression analysis, the current study now assesses the integration of these latent constructs in clinical assessment. The predictive power of six widely used executive tasks on five CHC measures (crystallized and fluid intelligence, visual processing, short-term memory, and processing speed) is examined. Results indicate that executive tasks—except for the Stroop and the Tower of London—predict overall performance on the intelligence tests. Differentiation in predicting performance between the CHC abilities is limited, due to a high shared variance between these abilities. It is concluded that executive processes such as planning and inhibition have a unique variance that is not well-represented in intelligence tests. Implications for the use of EF tests and operationalization of CHC measures in clinical practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Konstruktová validita Bochumského osobnostního dotazníku: Motivační dimenze

TESTFÓRUM ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Jan Kuba
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Theoretical Part ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
University Undergraduates

Cílem studie bylo ověřit konstruktovou validitu motivačních dimenzí Bochumského osobnostního dotazníku (inventáře profesních charakteristik osobnosti). V teoretické části byly definovány související osobnostní konstrukty, které byly v empirické části využity k ověření odvozených motivačních dimenzí. Kvantitativní data byla získána na vzorku 778 studentů a absolventů vysokých škol. K ověření konstruktové validity bylo využito explanatorních a konfirmatorních faktorových analýz, na jejichž základě byl vytvořen strukturní model ilustrující podobu vztahů mezi zkoumanými dimenzemi. Byly nalezeny dílčí doklady konstruktové validity motivačních dimenzí Bochumského osobnostního dotazníku. Závěrem jsou diskutována doporučení pro interpretaci výsledků psychodiagnostického posouzení a pro zvýšení validity metody.The aim of the study was to verify construct validity of motivational dimensions of the Czech version of the Business-Focused Inventory of Personality. Personality constructs linked to derived personality dimensions were defined in the theoretical part of the study. Quantitative data were obtained using the sample of 778 university undergraduates and graduates. Confirmatory factor analyses were used in order to explore construct validity of the method. Structural model based on the factor analyses was created to outline relations among the examined dimensions. Partial evidence on construct validity of the method was found.

Predictive Validity of the Cattell-Horn Gf-Gc Constructs to Achievement

Assessment ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Couch Williams ◽  
R. Steve McCallum ◽  
Mellissa Testerman Reed
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cognitive Constructs ◽  
Fluid Reasoning

The predictive validity of cognitive constructs taken from Cattell-Horn's Gf-Gc Model was examined. Gf-Gc cognitive constructs were measured using the Woodcock-Johnson-Revised Tests of Cognitive Ability; they include processing speed, fluid reasoning, acculturation-knowledge, short-term memory, long-term retrieval, auditory processing, and visual processing. Scores from the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills were used as the criterion measures for 104 elementary, middle, and high school students. Using multiple regression equations, various combinations of the Comprehension-Knowledge, Fluid Reasoning, and Processing Speed variables were consistently found to be the best predictors of achievement. Multiple Rs ranged from the .60s to .70s. Results provide evidence for the importance of cognitive constructs for predicting achievement and are potentially useful for understanding program planning and Aptitude x Treatment Interaction research.

Construct Validity of the German Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fifth Edition: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses of the 15 Primary and Secondary Subtests

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107319112093633
Author(s):  
Gary L. Canivez ◽  
Silvia Grieder ◽  
Anette Buenger
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Technical Manual ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Bifactor Models ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses

The latent factor structure of the German Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fifth edition (German WISC-V) was examined using complementary hierarchical exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) with Schmid and Leiman transformation and confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) for all reported models from the German WISC-V Technical Manual and rival bifactor models using the standardization sample ( N = 1,087) correlation matrix of the 15 primary and secondary subtests. EFA results did not support a fifth factor (Fluid Reasoning). A four-factor model with the dominant general intelligence ( g) factor resembling the WISC-IV was supported by EFA. CFA results indicated the best representation was a bifactor model with four group factors, complementing EFA results. Present EFA and CFA results replicated other independent assessments of standardization and clinical samples of the United States and international versions of the WISC-V and indicated primary, if not exclusive, interpretation of the Full Scale IQ as an estimate of g.

A Double Dissociation Between Inattentive and Impulsive Traits, on Tasks of Visual Processing and Emotion Regulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 543-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorit Ben Shalom ◽  
Ziv Ronel ◽  
Yifat Faran ◽  
Gal Meiri ◽  
Lidia Gabis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Processing Condition ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Israeli Population ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Objective: To dissociate between inattentive and impulsive traits common in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using a non-dichotomous measurment of these traits. Method: 120 university students who completed the Conner’s adult ADHD rating scales (CAARS) were also tested on the Microgenesis task which requires visual attention and on the Cyber Cruiser task which requires emotion regulation. Results: Results show that a measure of inattention was specifically related to a measure of effortful visual processing condition. In addition, a measure of impulsivity was specifically related to the tendency to fail in refueling one’s car on time, although this relation was opposite to the predicted direction. Furthermore, by using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the CAARS’ factor structure was confirmed to be relevant to an Israeli population. Conclusion: The current experiment supports the idea that visual attention may play a part in inattentive symptoms, and that emotion regulation may play a part in impulsivity symptoms.

scholarly journals Long-term cognitive deficits in pediatric low-grade glioma (LGG) survivors reflect pretreatment conditions—report from the German LGG studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Traunwieser ◽  
Daniela Kandels ◽  
Franz Pauls ◽  
Torsten Pietsch ◽  
Monika Warmuth-Metz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Low Grade Glioma ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Tumor Site ◽  
Pretreatment Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Disease and treatment contribute to cognitive late effects following pediatric low-grade glioma (LGG). We analyzed prospectively collected neuropsychological data of German pediatric LGG survivors and focused on the impact of hydrocephalus at diagnosis, neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) status, and extent of surgery. Methods We used the Neuropsychological Basic Diagnostic screening tool based on the Cattell–Horn–Carroll model for intelligence and the concept of cross-battery assessment at 2 and 5 years from diagnosis for 316 patients from the German pediatric LGG study and LGG registry (7.1 years median age; 45 NF1; cerebral hemispheres 16%, supratentorial midline 39%, infratentorial 45%). Hydrocephalus was classified radiologically in 137 non-NF1 patients with infratentorial tumors (95/137 complete/subtotal resection). Results Patients with NF1 versus non-NF1 exhibited inferior verbal short-term memory and visual processing (P < .001–.021). In non-NF1 patients, infratentorial tumor site and complete/subtotal resection were associated with sequelae in visual processing, psychomotor speed, and processing speed (P < .001–.008). Non-NF1 patients without surgical tumor reduction and/or nonsurgical treatment experienced similar deficits. Degree of hydrocephalus at diagnosis had no further impact. Psychomotor and processing speed were impaired comparably following chemo-/radiotherapy (P < .001–.021). Pretreatment factors such as NF1 or tumor site were relevant at multivariate analysis. Conclusions All pediatric LGG survivors are at risk to experience long-term cognitive impairments in various domains. Even surgical only management of cerebellar LGG or no treatment at all, that is, biopsy only/radiological diagnosis did not protect cognitive function. Since pattern and extent of deficits are crucial to tailor rehabilitation, neuropsychological and quality of survival assessments should be mandatory in future LGG trials.

Intelligence and Specific Cognitive Abilities in Children

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carin M. Tillman ◽  
Gunilla Bohlin ◽  
Lin Sörensen ◽  
Astri J. Lundervold
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
Independent Features

This community-based study investigated the relationships between measures of specific cognitive functions (such as working memory [WM] and interference control) and intelligence in 283 8- to 11-year-old children, including 124 children who fulfilled criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis. A hierarchical regression analysis was used to overcome issues of overlapping predictor constructs. The results generally showed that measures of processing speed, WM, as well as inhibitory interference control entered in the order of presentation, each contributed uniquely to the explanation of fluid intelligence performance. The results for crystallized intelligence performance generally showed that the measures of processing speed, short-term memory (STM), WM, and sustained attention – entered in that order – made significant independent contributions. While effect sizes varied somewhat for contributions in the whole sample compared with the subgroup not meeting criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis, there were no significant differences. The findings therefore should be broadly representative in indicating that the unique aspects of these cognitive functions are important in the explanation of intelligence. The findings also demonstrate important independent features of the functions used as predictors.

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