PECULIARITIES OF THE WORK OF THE SURGICAL STUDENT SCIENTIFIC CIRCUIT IN THE QUARANTINE

With the onset of the coronavirus pandemic, the only way to learn and communicate with students is distance learning. The aim. Analyze the features of the student scientific circle on surgery in the mode of distance learning in quarantine. Materials and methods. When the pandemic has suddenly spread to all spheres of life, the only way to learn and communicate with students is distance learning. In Ukraine, distance learning is regulated by an order of the Ministry of Education and Science from 31.10.2013 № 1518 "On approval of the Requirements to higher educational institutions and institutions of postgraduate education, scientific, educational and scientific institutions that provide educational services in the form of distance learning to train and improve the skills of specialists in accredited areas and specialties." With the approval of distance learning, the work of the student scientific circle (CSC) "Sharp Scalpel" at the department also went online. The structure of classes during studies in the CSC consists of a theoretical part where students report the results of scientific research from literature sources according to the topics they work on with supervisors, as well as a practical part where they work directly with patients under the supervision of the CSC leader. Some classes are held in the vivarium, where they learn to suture the intestines of animals. Often the structure of practical training in the CSC is not so clear, because in the presence of an interesting clinical case in the hospital or operating room, students are fully engaged in practical work. Results. With the transition to distance learning, the structure of classes in the CSC has undergone a significant transformation - the most important and interesting part for the group has fallen, namely the possibility of contact with the patient. The group members were divided into two groups: Group I – 8 students (25%) - students who, in addition to the practical part of the lesson, are also interested in the theoretical part of the group, who continued to study literature sources according to the topic they received and actively prepared for the scientific-practical conference. Group II-22 students (75%) – those, who lost interest in the CSC, when the opportunity to work with the patient became inaccessible. Another disadvantage of online learning is the loss of society, are the possibility of direct communication between students is lost, the necessary skills in communicating with the patient are not acquired, which is extremely important in the medical profession. Conclusions. In the case of quarantine, distance learning is an important and necessary form of educational process, even in medical schools, but it can not replace live communication between students, with the patient and the teacher. Online learning does not provide a practical part of the CSC work, which is manifested in the loss of interest in classes in the CSC among students.

The concept of paratextuality in literary genre Chick-lit

This text is an analysis of the concept of paratext based on contemporary literature. In addition to the theoretical part concentrating on the idea of Gérard Genette, some information on the Chick-Lit genre appeared in the article. Among other things, genre characteristics, historical backgrounds and biographical notes of the authors of the analysed novels were described. Genette's theory clearly shows that an inseparable part of the book as a final product is its cover and what the reader finds on it. These are, among others, the title, abstract, of significance is also the colouring or even the location of the author's name. All these elements have been described in detail and analysed according Gérard Genette's concepts.

The Image of Men in Advertising as Perceived by Polish Students of English Philology

Images presented in advertisements are very powerful and have huge impact on our perception of the world. The roles of women and men have changed within the last decade and therefore it is worth investigating the way they are perceived in advertising. The purpose of our study was twofold. First, we aimed to find out how Polish students from the English Department at a tertiary level institution in Poland, who are mainly females, perceive the image of a man in advertising. Our second purpose was to analyse their reception of slogans used in the advertisements. In order to find out the answers to our research questions concerning the image of males in advertising as well as language of advertising, we have decided to design a special questionnaire in which the students were asked to comment on advertisements associated with particular image concerning men. The advertisements had been chosen in relation to the categories established by Frith and Müeller (2010). While analysing the data we decided to use these categories, which are to be described in the theoretical part of the article. The obtained data has allowed us to find out what the image of a man is and what kind of language is used to make the advertisements effective.

STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF SCREW CONVEYOR DRIVE

The present paper deals with research of strength characteristics in manufacturing engineering. The introduction of the work describes findings about the importance of the given subject. The publication is divided into two basic parts, namely the theoretical and the practical part. The theoretical part provides a detailed description of theoretical assumptions on solutions in the field of research, and it also describes optimization of structural units in manufacturing engineering, while the practical part analyses strength characteristics of the selected structural unit which is the drive of a manufacturing machine. The conclusion of the work presents the obtained results.

CRITERIA BASED INTERNAL ASSESSMENT OF EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS OF STUDENTS IN TEACHING ENGLISH

This article presents theoretical and practical aspects of Criteria-Based Assessment of students’ educational achievements and it shows systematic implementation of internal and external assessment at colleges. The content of the article is divided into two sections. The first section presents the theoretical part, principles and connection of criteria-based assessment with the curriculum. The second section shows approaches to criteria-based assessment, improved after the application of the Integrated Model of Criteria-Based Assessment. The article of criteria-based assessment of students’ educational achievements is intended for use at colleges.

Analysis of occupational injuries at enterprises for processing and canning meat and meat food products

Introduction. The article considers the problems and provides the analysis of industrial injuries at meat and meat food products processing and canning enterprises, which have a certain sectoral specificity that affects the formation of working conditions and contributes to the emergence of industrial injuries. Problem Statement. The aim of this study is to analyze occupational injuries, their causes and to propose appropriate measures to prevent injuries. Theoretical Part. The initial information is the data of the statistical reporting of the Federal State Statistics Service on industrial casualties by type of activity – Processing and canning of meat and meat food products. Conclusions. The results of the analysis show the existence of a problem of occupational injuries and the need to introduce and implement a number of measures aimed at improving working conditions and improving safety at work in order to prevent occupational injuries.

Giving reasons as a means to enhance compliance with legal norms

The threat of sanctions is often insufficient to ensure compliance with legal norms. Recently, much attention has been given to nudges – choice-preserving measures that take advantage of people’s automatic System 1 thinking – as a means of influencing behaviour without sanctions, but nudges are often ineffective and controversial. This article explores the provision of information about the reasons underlying legal norms, as a means to enhance compliance, primarily through deliberative System 2 thinking. While the idea that legal norms should be accompanied by explanatory preambles – to complement the law’s threat of sanctions with persuasion – goes back to Plato, this technique is not commonly used nowadays, and scholars have failed to systematically consider this possibility. The article argues that reason giving can enhance compliance and reduce the need for costly enforcement mechanisms. The theoretical part of the article comprises three parts. It first describes the mechanisms through which reasons may influence people’s behaviour. It then distinguishes between reason giving as a means to enhance compliance and as a means to attain other goals and between reason giving and related means to enhance compliance. Finally, it discusses various policy and pragmatic considerations that bear on the use of reason giving. Following the theoretical discussion, the empirical part of the article uses vignette studies to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the reason-giving technique. The results of these new studies show that providing good reasons for legal norms enhances people’s inclination to comply with them, in comparison to not providing the reasons underlying the norms. However, whereas persuasive reasons may promote compliance, questionable reasons might reduce it. We call on scholars and policy makers to pay more attention to this readily available measure of enhancing compliance with norms.

The Effects of Consumers’ Buying Behavior on E-Commerce Pricing in the Highly Developed Emerging Market: The Case of Singapore

This paper is focused on Singapore and its e-commerce markets. It contains the theoretical part and the conduct of an empirical study where the results are studied. This study is further extended as an investigation of the effects of consumers’ buying behavior on the e-commerce market in the case of Singapore, a highly developed emerging market. This research aims to gain a detailed insight and better understand Singaporeans buying behavior and how it may or may not affect the e-commerce market.

The impact of the Anti-Crisis Shield package on the activity of cultural institutions in Poland

The main aim of the article is to present activities of cultural institutions during the pandemic. The theoretical part describes the impact of the anti-crisis shield package on the operation of cultural institutions during the lockdown. The description is based on information from the website of the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage. The empirical part contains an analysis of specific support tools offered by cultural institutions and organisations, units of local government, the EU, banks, foundations and art academies.

SECONDARY SOCIALIZATION OF CHILDREN FROM HOME EDUCATION

The aim of this paper is to find out how the secondary socialization of children from home education takes place and to map the personal experiences and opinions of parents educating their children at home. The paper is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. The theoretical part deals with the socialization as a necessary process in the life of each individual, we describe the various types of socialization, we deal with a different concept of socialization according to where it takes place, i.e. in the home and school environment. The theoretical part forms the basis for the empirical part. For the implementation of the research, we chose qualitative research using semi-structured interviews, which were conducted with parents who currently have a child or children in home education. According to the results of the research, home schooled children are secondarily socialized in regular and sporadic meetings with other home schooled children, either as part of celebrations and other social events or for the purpose of learning together in a small group of children. Another way are friends with whom they see each other several times a week in hobby groups or visit each other. Furthermore, the family and siblings, play an important role in the socialization process. Due to age differences, siblings can help each other in many ways, learn from each other and spend free time together. The limit of the presented work is a small sample of respondents and the associated impossibility to generalize the results. However, the research went into depth on the topic and brings forward the subjective opinions and experiences of parents. Another limit is the implementation of the interviews through the telephone, which does not allow for the observation of non-verbal expressions of the respondents during the interview, which can reveal a lot.