Does Delay Affect Prospective Memory Performance?

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Nigro ◽  
Pier Carla Cicogna
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Prospective Remembering ◽  
Intention Formation ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Prospective Memory Performance

The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which the retention interval between intention formation and the execution of the action affects the occurrence of remembering and its accuracy. 126 subjects (48 men and 78 women) between 18 and 24 years participated in a two-phase experiment. An event-based prospective memory task was assigned at the end of the first experimental session, which required reporting a message to the second experimenter at the beginning of the second experimental session. The length of the interval of time between the formation of the intention and its execution varied (10 minutes, 2 days, 2 weeks). Participants were randomly assigned to the three conditions (42 each). A post-experimental interview was carried out in order to find out the strategies that subjects employed to retrieve the message and the importance they attributed to the task. Results indicate that the delay affected neither the occurrence of remembering nor its accuracy, and that the importance attributed to the planned action improved the likelihood of prospective remembering. Furthermore, results seem to indicate that external reminders do not improve prospective memory. Further implications of the finding were discussed.

Preliminary Remarks on Type of Task and Delay in Children's Prospective Memory

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Nigro ◽  
Vincenzo Paolo Senese ◽  
Ornella Natullo ◽  
Ida Sergi
Keyword(s):  
Retention Interval ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Target Time ◽  
Task Time ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Principal Task ◽  
Prospective Memory Performance

This study investigated the extent to which the type of task influences children's prospective memory performance. 80 subjects, aged 7 to 11 yr. participated in an experiment in which the type of task (time-based vs event-based) and the retention interval (5 min. vs 10 min.) varied. The prospective memory task was embedded in a principal task lasting about 15 min. and required subjects perform an action at a given time or in response to a specific cue. Analysis indicated that the delay was associated with prospective memory performance only on a time-based task in which the intention has to be performed after 10 min. but not age. Analysis indicated also that time monitoring was associated with shorter latency between the target time and the execution of the intention on the time-based task. Implications were discussed.

scholarly journals A-181 Comparing Virtual Reality and Analog Prospective Memory Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 976-976
Author(s):  
Coldiron A ◽  
Smith L ◽  
Helphrey J ◽  
Sawyer J ◽  
Flores E ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Prospective Memory Performance

Abstract Objective A virtual reality-based prospective memory task was designed to examine whether a virtual environment would allow for a deeper level of processing and aid prospective memory performance. The purpose of this study was to compare young adults’ performance on analog and virtual reality-based prospective memory tasks. Method Young adult college students (N = 40; ages 18–26) completed both analog and virtual reality prospective memory tasks in the Virtual Kitchen Protocol. Results A within-subjects analysis of variance found that participants performed better on the analog prospective memory task than in virtual reality, F(1,39) = 12.46, p = .001. Conclusions Results suggest that the virtual environment served as a source of distraction rather than a memory aid for young adults’ prospective memory ability. However, this added level of distraction may mimic everyday prospective memory settings better than traditional analog tasks, suggesting that virtual prospective memory tasks may be able to better assess everyday prospective memory abilities.

scholarly journals A single dose of cocaine enhances prospective memory performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 883-892
Author(s):  
Nadia RPW Hutten ◽  
Kim PC Kuypers ◽  
Janelle HP van Wel ◽  
Eef L Theunissen ◽  
Stefan W Toennes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
The Right ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Prospective Memory Performance

Background: Prospective memory is the ability to recall intended actions or events at the right time or in the right context. While cannabis is known to impair prospective memory, the acute effect of cocaine is unknown. In addition, it is not clear whether changes in prospective memory represent specific alterations in memory processing or result from more general effects on cognition that spread across multiple domains such as arousal and attention. Aims: The main objective of the study was, therefore, to determine whether drug-induced changes in prospective memory are memory specific or associated with more general drug-induced changes in attention and arousal. Methods: A placebo-controlled, three-way, cross-over study including 15 regular poly-drug users was set up to test the influence of oral cocaine (300 mg) and vaporised cannabis (300+150 ‘booster’ µg/kg bodyweight) on an event-based prospective memory task. Attentional performance was assessed using a divided attention task and subjective arousal was assessed with the Profile of Mood States questionnaire. Results: Results showed that cocaine enhanced prospective memory, attention and arousal. Mean performance of prospective memory and attention, as well as levels of arousal were lowest during treatment with cannabis as compared with placebo and cocaine as evinced by a significantly increased trend across treatment conditions. Prospective memory performance was only weakly positively associated to measures of attention and arousal. Conclusion: Together, these results indicate that cocaine enhancement of prospective memory performance cannot be fully explained by parallel changes in arousal and attention levels, and is likely to represent a direct change in the neural network underlying prospective memory.

Prospective Memory

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Retrospective Memory ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Intended Action ◽  
Event Based ◽  
New Framework

Prospective memory involves remembering to perform an action when there is a delay between forming the intention to act and the point at which the action can be carried out. The distinction between time- and event-based prospective memory, the typical laboratory paradigm, and the concept of cost as a measure of the extent to which attention is allocated to the prospective memory task at the expense of other activities are described. Two theories of prospective memory are compared. Also noted is that prospective memory involves retrospective memory processes, for remembering what the intended action is and remembering when the action is to be performed, and a prospective component for remembering that something is to be done. The new concept of metaintentions or metaintentional processes is introduced along with a new framework for organizing existing research and motivating future research. The literature is reviewed within the structure of this new framework.

The Influence of the Stroop Interference Effect on an Event-based Prospective Memory Task in Alzheimer's Disease Patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
Shutaro Nakaaki ◽  
Hama Watanabe ◽  
Hikaru Nakamura ◽  
Shinichi Yoshida ◽  
Teruo Matui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Interference Effect ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Stroop Interference ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Event Based

scholarly journals Investigating the output monitoring component of event-based prospective memory performance

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Marsh ◽  
Jason L. Hicks ◽  
Thomas W. Hancock ◽  
Kirk Munsayac
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Output Monitoring ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Prospective Memory Performance
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