An ERP Study of Expectation Violation in a Social Comparison Context

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Du ◽  
Glenn Hitchman ◽  
Qing-Lin Zhang ◽  
Jiang Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparison ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Cognitive Conflict ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Dipole Source ◽  
Conflict Task ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Unknown Event

Previous studies pay more attention to the cognitive control in classical cognitive conflict task but the time-course of the expectation violation in a social comparison context remains unknown. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to explore the electrophysiological correlates of expectation violation by using a reward feedback paradigm in a social comparison context. Results showed that: Expectation incongruent stimuli (EIS) elicited a more positive ERP deflection (P400-700) than did expectation congruent stimuli (ECS) between 400 and 700 ms. Furthermore, dipole source analysis revealed that the generator of P400-700 was localized near the posterior cingulate gyrus (PCC), which might be involved in the monitoring and controlling of reward expectation conflict (expectation violation). EIS also elicited a more negative ERP deflection (N1000-1500) than did ECS between 1,000 and 1,500 ms. The generator of N1000-1500 was localized near the parahippocampal gyrus, which might be related to unpleasant emotions induced by a lack of reward feedback.

Neural Biases to Covert and Overt Signals of Fear: Dissociation by Trait Anxiety and Depression

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1595-1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne M. Williams ◽  
Andrew H. Kemp ◽  
Kim Felmingham ◽  
Belinda J. Liddell ◽  
Donna M. Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Controlled Processing ◽  
Parallel Networks ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Conscious Attention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Emotion Encoding

Although biases toward signals of fear may be an evolutionary adaptation necessary for survival, heightened biases may be maladaptive and associated with anxiety or depression. In this study, event-related potentials (ERPs) were used to examine the time course of neural responses to facial fear stimuli (versus neutral) presented overtly (for 500 msec with conscious attention) and covertly (for 10 msec with immediate masking to preclude conscious awareness) in 257 nonclinical subjects. We also examined the impact of trait anxiety and depression, assessed using psychometric ratings, on the time course of ERPs. In the total subject group, controlled biases to overtly processed fear were reflected in an enhancement of ERPs associated with structural encoding (120–220 msec) and sustained evaluation persisting from 250 msec and beyond, following a temporo-occipital to frontal topography. By contrast, covert fear processing elicited automatic biases, reflected in an enhancement of ERPs prior to structural encoding (80–180 msec) and again in the period associated with automatic orienting and emotion encoding (230–330 msec), which followed the reverse frontal to temporo-occipital topography. Higher levels of trait anxiety (in the clinical range) were distinguished by a heightened bias to covert fear (speeding of early ERPs), compared to higher depression which was associated with an opposing bias to overt fear (slowing of later ERPs). Anxiety also heightened early responses to covert fear, and depression to overt fear, with subsequent deficits in emotion encoding in each case. These findings are consistent with neural biases to signals of fear which operate automatically and during controlled processing, feasibly supported by parallel networks. Heightened automatic biases in anxiety may contribute to a cycle of hypervigilance and anxious thoughts, whereas depression may represent a “burnt out” emotional state in which evaluation of fear stimuli is prolonged only when conscious attention is allocated.

scholarly journals Attending to Eliza: rapid brain responses reflect competence attribution in virtual social feedback processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1073-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Schindler ◽  
Gregory A Miller ◽  
Johanna Kissler
Keyword(s):  
Online Communication ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Social Feedback ◽  
Feedback Processing ◽  
Early Posterior Negativity ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Content Processing ◽  
Socially Motivated

Abstract In the age of virtual communication, the source of a message is often inferred rather than perceived, raising the question of how sender attributions affect content processing. We investigated this issue in an evaluative feedback scenario. Participants were told that an expert psychotherapist, a layperson or a randomly acting computer was going to give them online positive, neutral or negative personality feedback while high-density EEG was recorded. Sender attribution affected processing rapidly, even though the feedback was on average identical. Event-related potentials revealed a linear increase with attributed expertise beginning 150 ms after disclosure and most pronounced for N1, P2 and early posterior negativity components. P3 and late positive potential amplitudes were increased for both human senders and for emotionally significant (positive or negative) feedback. Strikingly, feedback from a putative expert prompted large P3 responses, even for inherently neutral content. Source analysis localized early enhancements due to attributed sender expertise in frontal and somatosensory regions and later responses in the posterior cingulate and extended visual and parietal areas, supporting involvement of mentalizing, embodied processing and socially motivated attention. These findings reveal how attributed sender expertise rapidly alters feedback processing in virtual interaction and have implications for virtual therapy and online communication.

scholarly journals A Neurophysiological Study of Semantic Processing in Parkinson’s Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Angwin ◽  
Nadeeka N.W. Dissanayaka ◽  
Alison Moorcroft ◽  
Katie L. McMahon ◽  
Peter A. Silburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Repetition Effects ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Written Word

AbstractObjectives: Cognitive-linguistic impairments in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been well documented; however, few studies have explored the neurophysiological underpinnings of semantic deficits in PD. This study investigated semantic function in PD using event-related potentials. Methods: Eighteen people with PD and 18 healthy controls performed a semantic judgement task on written word pairs that were either congruent or incongruent. Results: The mean amplitude of the N400 for new incongruent word pairs was similar for both groups, however the onset latency was delayed in the PD group. Further analysis of the data revealed that both groups demonstrated attenuation of the N400 for repeated incongruent trials, as well as attenuation of the P600 component for repeated congruent trials. Conclusions: The presence of N400 congruity and N400 repetition effects in the PD group suggests that semantic processing is generally intact, but with a slower time course as evidenced by the delayed N400. Additional research will be required to determine whether N400 and P600 repetition effects are sensitive to further cognitive decline in PD. (JINS, 2017, 23, 78–89)

The time course of the asymmetrical “local” switch cost: Evidence from event-related potentials

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara D. Martin ◽  
Francisco Barcelo ◽  
Mireia Hernandez ◽  
Albert Costa
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Switch Cost ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Related Potentials

Asynchronies in the Development of Electrophysiological Responses to Motion and Color

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1363-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa V. Mitchell ◽  
Helen J. Neville
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Behavioral Plasticity ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Ventral Stream ◽  
Visual Stream ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses ◽  
Related Potentials

Recent reports have documented greater plasticity in the dorsal visual stream as compared with the ventral visual stream. This study sought to test the hypothesis that this greater plasticity may be related to a more protracted period of development in the dorsal as compared with the ventral stream. Age-related effects on event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by motion and color stimuli, designed to activate the two visual streams, were assessed in healthy individuals aged 6 years through adulthood. Although significant developmental effects were observed in amplitudes of ERPs to both color and motion stimuli, marked latency effects were observed only in response to motion. These results provide support for the hypothesis that the dorsal stream displays a longer developmental time course across the early school years than the ventral stream. Implications for neural and behavioral plasticity are discussed.

scholarly journals On the Time Course of Visual Word Recognition: An Event-related Potential Investigation using Masked Repetition Priming

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1631-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip J. Holcomb ◽  
Jonathan Grainger
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Word Recognition ◽  
Repetition Priming ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Visual Word ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Animal Names ◽  
Masked Repetition

The present study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine the time course of visual word recognition using a masked repetition priming paradigm. Participants monitored target words for occasional animal names, and ERPs were recorded to nonanimal critical items that were full repetitions, partial repetitions, or unrelated to the immediately preceding masked prime word. The results showed a strong modulation of the N400 and three earlier ERP components (P150, N250, and the P325) that we propose reflect sequential overlapping steps in the processing of printed words.

Spatiotemporal Human Brain Activities on Recalling Names of Body Parts

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Yamanoi ◽  
◽  
Yoshinori Tanaka ◽  
Mika Otsuki ◽  
Shin-ichi Ohnishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Dipole Source ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Current Dipole ◽  
Middle Temporal ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Right

The authors measure electroencephalograms (EEGs) from a subject looking at line drawings of body parts and recalling their names silently. The equivalent current dipole source localization (ECDL) method is applied to the event related potentials (ERPs): summed EEGs. As the dominant language area of the subject is considered to be in the right hemisphere in the previous research study, ECDs are localized to the right middle temporal gyrus: the angular gyrus. Then ECDs are localized to the right fusiform gyrus, the right middle temporal pole (TEP), and the right inferior temporal white matter (TWM). ECDs are located in the ventral pathway. The areas are related to the integrated process of visual recognition of pictures and the recalling of words. Some of these areas are also related to image recognition and word generation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document