Perceived Realism of Television Medical Dramas and Perceptions About Physicians

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunyi Cho ◽  
Kari Wilson ◽  
Jounghwa Choi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Perceived Realism ◽  
Medical Dramas ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Different Dimensions

This study investigated whether and how dimensions of perceived realism of television medical dramas are linked to perceptions of physicians. The three dimensions of perceived realism were considered: plausibility, typicality, and narrative consistency. Data from a survey of college students were examined with confirmatory factor analyses and hierarchical regression analyses. Across the three dramas (ER, Grey’s Anatomy, and House), narrative consistency predicted positive perceptions about physicians. Perceived plausibility and typicality of the medical dramas showed no significant association with perceptions about physicians. These results illustrate the importance of distinguishing different dimensions of perceived realism and the importance of narrative consistency in influencing social beliefs.

scholarly journals Assessment of Different Dimensions of Shame Proneness: Validation of the SHAME

Assessment ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1699-1717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna N. Scheel ◽  
Hedwig Eisenbarth ◽  
Katrin Rentzsch
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Invariance Testing ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Shame Proneness ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Different Dimensions

A large body of research revealed that shame is associated with adaptive and maladaptive correlates. The aim of this work was to validate a new dimensional instrument (SHAME), which was developed to disentangle adaptive and maladaptive dimensions of shame proneness. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the three-factorial structure (bodily, cognitive, and existential shame) in American ( n = 502) and German ( n = 496) community samples, using invariance testing. Bifactor model analyses exhibited distinct associations of adaptive (bodily and cognitive shame) and maladaptive (existential shame) dimensions of shame with psychopathology and social functioning. Network analyses highlighted the role of existential shame in psychopathology, especially for a clinical sample of patients with Borderline Personality Disorder ( n = 92). By placing shame pronenesss into a network of similar and dissimilar constructs, the current findings serve as a foundation for drawing conclusions about the adaptive and maladaptive nature of shame.

scholarly journals PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE TURKISH VERSION OF THE COVID-19 INDUCED ANXIETY SCALE AND PROTECTIVE BEHAVIORS TOWARDS COVID-19 SCALE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikmet Yazıcı ◽  
Fatma Altun ◽  
Cansu Tosun ◽  
Münevver Özdemir ◽  
Yasemin Karsantık
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Turkish Language

The purpose of the present study was to adapt COVID-19 Induced Anxiety Scale (CIAS) and Protective Behaviors towards COVID-19 Scale (PBCS) into Turkish language, and to investigate their psychometric properties. 593 adults participated in the study. Data were collected through CIAS and PBCS as well as The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCS). Cronbach alpha (α) and McDonald’s Omega (ω) coefficients were utilized for reliability of the Turkish forms of the scales, and validity of the scales was tested with exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and criterion validity. The analysis showed that α and ω reliability coefficients of both scales were over .70. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that CIAS had a single factor structure while PBCS had three dimensions as indicated in original forms of the scales. Significant and positive relationships were also found between the scores obtained from CIAS and PBCS and fear scores. To conclude, Turkish forms of CIAS and PBCS were proved to be valid and reliable tools to measure severity of COVID-19 induced anxiety through CIAS and individuals’ protective behaviors towards COVID-19 through PBCS.

Confirmatory Factor Analyses of the Portuguese Version of the Maudsley Obsessional-compulsive Inventory

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S80-S81
Author(s):  
J. Silva Ribeiro ◽  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
M.J. Martins ◽  
V. Nogueira ◽  
M.J. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Education ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

IntroductionThe Maudsley obsessional-compulsive inventory (MOCI) is a widely used self-report measure of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in clinical and non-clinical populations, both in research and clinical settings. Nogueira et al. confirmed in 2011 that the MOCI Portuguese version has good psychometric properties, having a factorial structure that is in accordance with those reported by other groups.AimsBased on the previous results of exploratory factor analysis with a Portuguese students sample, the present study aimed to perform a confirmatory factor analyses (using Mplus software) to verify if the three dimensions’ structure fitted the data.MethodsThe sample comprised 234 students on their first three years of college education (78.2% female), between 18–26 years old (M = 20.55; SD = 1.66). Participants filled the Portuguese version of the MOCI.ResultsOur results showed that the MOCI Portuguese version with original 3-factor structure has a good fit (χ2(227) = 386.987, P < .05; RMSEA = 0.053, 90%CI = 0.044–0.062; CFI = 0.928; TLI = 0.920; WRMR = 1.089). Good reliability was found for all subscales (Cronbach alpha < .80).ConclusionsThe MOCI Portuguese version reliably and validly assesses three OC symptom dimensions in young adults. Further research is needed to confirm this structure in Portuguese clinical samples.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Testing a Psychological Contract Measure in a Swiss Employment Context

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Raeder ◽  
Anette Wittekind ◽  
Alice Inauen ◽  
Gudela Grote
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Psychological Contracts ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Stable Employment

In this study, we validated a questionnaire measuring psychological contracts in a Swiss employment context. We argue that this measure sufficiently considers the characteristics of a stable employment situation and meets the criteria for the validity of psychological contract measures. The sample consisted of the employees of two firms and portfolio workers. An item and scale analysis was conducted and the dimensionality of the instrument was tested by means of confirmatory factor analyses. Finally, the instrument consists of three factors measuring employee expectations and employer inducements as well as two factors measuring employer expectations and employee contributions. Validity was evaluated by comparing groups with different employment status and by hierarchical regression analyses predicting intention to quit and performance.

Exploring Cross-Cultural and Gender Differences in Test Anxiety Among U.S. and Canadian College Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Multidimensional Measure ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
And Gender ◽  
College Student Population

Existing measures of test anxiety used with the college student population are old with old norms and old items, and they do not capture the multiple dimensions of the test anxiety construct or assess facilitating anxiety. In the present study, the validity of the scores of a new, multidimensional measure of test anxiety with a facilitating component, the Test Anxiety Measure for College Students (TAM-C) was examined in a sample of 1,344 Canadian and U.S. college students. Tests of measurement invariance were performed across culture and gender on the TAM-C and cultural and gender differences were explored. The results of multigroup confirmatory factor analyses across culture and gender supported strong invariance on the TAM-C. Latent mean analyses were also conducted and cultural and gender differences were found on the TAM-C. Although additional research is needed, the TAM-C appears to be a promising new measure for use with Canadian and U.S. college students.

scholarly journals Perceived Suicide Stigma and Associated Factors in Chinese College Students: Translation and Validation of the Stigma of Suicide Attempt Scale and the Stigma of Suicide and Suicide Survivors Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3400
Author(s):  
Yang Wu ◽  
Zhenzhen Chen ◽  
Philip J. Batterham ◽  
Jin Han
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Suicide Survivors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Translation And Validation

This study aims to translate and validate two perceived suicide stigma scales, including the Stigma of Suicide Attempt Scale (STOSA) and the Stigma of Suicide and Suicide Survivor Scale (STOSASS) into Chinese language, examining the factor structure, and assessing the correlation between suicide stigma and a series of variables. After translating and back translating the STOSA and STOSASS, an online survey was administrated to 412 college students in China. These two scales were tested for their dimensionality in a series of confirmatory factor analyses. A series of regression analyses were conducted to examine the factors that are associated with perceived and public suicide stigma, including demographics, psychological distress, suicidality, suicide exposure, and perceived entitativity of suicide ideators, decedents, and survivors. The results showed that the two translated scales, STOSA and STOSASS, were reliable (Cronbach’s α = 0.79~0.83) and valid in Chinese contexts and it can be treated as unidimensional scales. Suicidality, exposure to suicide, and perceived entitativity of suicide-related persons were significantly associated with higher endorsement of public suicide stigma (SOSS Stigma, p < 0.03), but not perceived stigma (STOSA, STOSASS). Higher levels of psychological distress were associated with both higher perceived and public suicide stigma (p < 0.05).

Brand-building efforts in high and low performing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1229-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Odoom
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Market ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
Product Success ◽  
Brand Building ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine brand-building efforts within small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in an attempt to understand the extent to which such efforts are undertaken in high- and low-performing enterprises. Design/methodology/approach The study uses data from 430 SMEs in an emerging market. After evaluating scale measures with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, multiple stage analyses involving cluster analysis, ANOVA and hierarchical regression with sub-group analysis were used to examine the theoretical relationships among the constructs. Findings Findings from the study identify four composite brand-building efforts that influence SMEs’ performance. These are implemented in varying extents, culminating into proportional levels of performance within high- and low-performing SMEs. Significant differences with regard to profit margin, market share, sales volume, customer base and new product success are also exhibited in the two enterprise segments. Originality/value The results provide evidence to issues of research and managerial interest, offering insightful implications to the academic and practitioner communities. The paper offers a preliminary attempt to progress literature by synthesizing various brand-building efforts under four broader theorizations in SMEs setting.

Brand orientation and brand performance in SMEs

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Odoom ◽  
Priscilla Mensah
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Market ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Brand Performance ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Brand Orientation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to investigate the moderating effects of innovation capabilities and social media capabilities on the relationship between brand orientation and brand performance among small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Drawing on the size differential feature from the organizational ecology theory, the paper further tests variations in these conditions across disaggregated SME levels. Design/methodology/approach The empirical part of the study was carried out with a sample of 484 enterprises in an emerging market context via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, along with a moderated hierarchical regression. Findings Results from the moderated hierarchical regression analysis indicate that although the two capabilities generally offered positive moderating effects across all enterprises, these are conditional and not invariant when disaggregated based on enterprise sizes (small vs medium). Originality/value The study suggests the need for enterprise owners/managers to identify optimal combinations of enterprise capabilities, based on their sizes, for which their complementarities with brand orientation efforts are more potent.

Understanding Social Media Competence in Higher Education: Development and Validation of an Instrument

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1935-1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Zhu ◽  
Harrison Hao Yang ◽  
Shun Xu ◽  
Jason MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
College Students ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Development And Validation

The rapid integration of social media into personal, professional, and educational settings has catalyzed the need to assess social media competence. This study provides the rationale for developing an instrument to conduct such an assessment, and the research illustrates evidence of validity and reliability in assessing social media competence in the field of higher education. The instrument includes 28 items and 4 dimensions: technical usability, content interpretation, content generation, and anticipatory reflection. Data were collected from a sample of 622 college students. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted, and this study finds that the instrument shows no signs of deficiency in its validity or reliability when measuring social media competence. Accordingly, the instrument could be used to evaluate and improve levels of social media competence in higher education.

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