scholarly journals Response of Tropical Terrestrial Gross Primary Production to the Super El Niño Event in 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (10) ◽  
pp. 3193-3203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawen Zhu ◽  
Minghua Zhang ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
Xiaodong Zeng ◽  
Xiangming Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
El Niño Event ◽  
Super El Niño

scholarly journals Changes in surface hydrology, soil moisture and gross primary production in the Amazon during the 2015/2016 El Niño

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1760) ◽  
pp. 20180084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik van Schaik ◽  
Lars Killaars ◽  
Naomi E. Smith ◽  
Gerbrand Koren ◽  
L. P. H. van Beek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Surface Hydrology ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Impact

The 2015/2016 El Niño event caused severe changes in precipitation across the tropics. This impacted surface hydrology, such as river run-off and soil moisture availability, thereby triggering reductions in gross primary production (GPP). Many biosphere models lack the detailed hydrological component required to accurately quantify anomalies in surface hydrology and GPP during droughts in tropical regions. Here, we take the novel approach of coupling the biosphere model SiBCASA with the advanced hydrological model PCR-GLOBWB to attempt such a quantification across the Amazon basin during the drought in 2015/2016. We calculate 30–40% reduced river discharge in the Amazon starting in October 2015, lagging behind the precipitation anomaly by approximately one month and in good agreement with river gauge observations. Soil moisture shows distinctly asymmetrical spatial anomalies with large reductions across the north-eastern part of the basin, which persisted into the following dry season. This added to drought stress in vegetation, already present owing to vapour pressure deficits at the leaf, resulting in a loss of GPP of 0.95 (0.69 to 1.20) PgC between October 2015 and March 2016 compared with the 2007–2014 average. Only 11% (10–12%) of the reduction in GPP was found in the (wetter) north-western part of the basin, whereas the north-eastern and southern regions were affected more strongly, with 56% (54–56%) and 33% (31–33%) of the total, respectively. Uncertainty on this anomaly mostly reflects the unknown rooting depths of vegetation. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The impact of the 2015/2016 El Niño on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications’.

The 2015/16 “Super” El Niño Event and Its Climatic Impact

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 1750017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing ZHOU ◽  
Xie SHAO
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Equatorial Pacific Ocean ◽  
Climatic Impact ◽  
El Niño Event ◽  
Super El Niño

Climatic monitoring shows that 2015 has been the warmest year around the globe since the first modern observation was conducted in1880. Asia has witnessed its average land surface temperature reaching the highest level since 1901; China has seen the warmest year since 1951 when it had completed the meteorological records; the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere exceeds 400[Formula: see text]ppm; the ocean thermal capacity sets a new record high; and the global sea surface temperature has also been the highest since 1870. Against the backdrop of global warming, the incidence of strong El Niño and the duration of El Niño in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean have both significantly increased, while the time interval between El Niño and La Niña has shortened. The 2015/16 “Super” El Niño event exceeds previous two “Super” El Niño events in several indexes (e.g. durative event and peak intensity), although the 1982/83 El Niño event keeps the record in terms of the intensity of atmospheric response to the ocean. Influenced by the 2015/16 “Super” El Niño event, the general atmospheric circulation was significantly abnormal with extreme climate events frequently occurring in many places worldwide.

scholarly journals Enlightenments from researches and predictions of 2014–2016 super El Niño event

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1569-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu Mu ◽  
Hong-Li Ren
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
El Niño Event ◽  
Super El Niño

scholarly journals Tipping the ENSO into a permanent El Niño can trigger state transitions in global terrestrial ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateo Duque-Villegas ◽  
Juan F. Salazar ◽  
Angela M. Rendón
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
State Transitions

Abstract. Some large-scale components of the Earth's climate system have been identified as policy-relevant tipping elements, meaning that anthropogenic forcing and perturbations may push them across a tipping point threshold, with potential global scale impact on ecosystems and concomitant environmental and social phenomena. A pronounced change in the amplitude and/or frequency of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is among such tipping elements. Here we use the Planet Simulator (PlaSim), an Earth system model of intermediate complexity, to investigate the potential impact on global climate and terrestrial ecosystems of shifting the current dynamics of the ENSO into a permanent El Niño. When forced with sea surface temperature (SST) derived from observations, the PlaSim model yields a realistic representation of large-scale climatological patterns, including realistic estimates of the global energy and water balances, and gross primary production. In a permanent El Niño state, we found significant differences in the global distribution of water and energy fluxes, and associated impacts on gross primary production, indicating that vegetation productivity decreases in the tropics whereas it increases in temperate and boreal regions. We identify regions in which these El Niño-induced changes are consistent with potential state transitions in global terrestrial ecosystems, including potential dieback of the Amazon rainforest, southward expansion of the Sahel, and further aridification of Australia.

scholarly journals The Dynamic of Convergence Zone Displacement in Western Pacific Ocean on 2015 Super El Niňo Event

2021 ◽  
Vol 750 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
A A Ashafahani ◽  
A Wirasatriya ◽  
W S Pranowo ◽  
D N Sugianto ◽  
L Maslukah
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Convergence Zone ◽  
Western Pacific Ocean ◽  
El Niño Event ◽  
Super El Niño

scholarly journals Species-Specific Shifts in Diurnal Sap Velocity Dynamics and Hysteretic Behavior of Ecophysiological Variables During the 2015–2016 El Niño Event in the Amazon Forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno O. Gimenez ◽  
Kolby J. Jardine ◽  
Niro Higuchi ◽  
Robinson I. Negrón-Juárez ◽  
Israel de Jesus Sampaio-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Hysteretic Behavior ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
El Niño Event ◽  
Species Specific
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document