Spring Planetary Boundary Layer Structure and Corresponding Cloud Characteristics Under Different Prevailing Wind Directions Over the Kuroshio Sea Surface Temperature Front in the East China Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Zhang ◽  
Yunying Li
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
East China Sea ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Prevailing Wind ◽  
The East China Sea ◽  
Cloud Characteristics ◽  
The Kuroshio

scholarly journals Two Types of Surface Wind Response to the East China Sea Kuroshio Front*

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 8616-8627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Wu Liu ◽  
Su-Ping Zhang ◽  
Shang-Ping Xie
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
East China Sea ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The East China Sea ◽  
Sst Front ◽  
Vector Wind ◽  
Different Time Scales

Abstract Effects of the sea surface temperature (SST) front along the East China Sea Kuroshio on sea surface winds at different time scales are investigated. In winter and spring, the climatological vector wind is strongest on the SST front while the scalar wind speed reaches a maximum on the warm flank of the front and is collocated with the maximum difference between sea surface temperature and surface air temperature (SST − SAT). The distinction is due to the change in relative importance of two physical processes of SST–wind interaction at different time scales. The SST front–induced sea surface level pressure (SLP) adjustment (SF–SLP) contributes to a strong vector wind above the front on long time scales, consistent with the collocation of baroclinicity in the marine boundary layer and corroborated by the similarity between the thermal wind and observed wind shear between 1000 and 850 hPa. In contrast, the SST modulation of synoptic winds is more evident on the warm flank of the SST front. Large thermal instability of the near-surface layer strengthens temporal synoptic wind perturbations by intensifying vertical mixing, resulting in a scalar wind maximum. The vertical mixing and SF–SLP mechanisms are both at work but manifest more clearly at the synoptic time scale and in the long-term mean, respectively. The cross-frontal variations are 1.5 m s−1 in both the scalar and vector wind speeds, representing the vertical mixing and SF–SLP effects, respectively. The results illustrate the utility of high-frequency sampling by satellite scatterometers.

scholarly journals Impact of Changjiang River Discharge on Sea Surface Temperature in the East China Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1735-1750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin’ichiro Kako ◽  
Tomofumi Nakagawa ◽  
Katsumi Takayama ◽  
Naoki Hirose ◽  
Atsuhiko Isobe
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
East China Sea ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Changjiang River ◽  
The East China Sea ◽  
Chinese Coast

AbstractThis study investigated how the Changjiang River discharge (CRD) emptying into the East China Sea (ECS) affects the upper-ocean stratification [hence, sea surface temperature (SST) changes], based on ocean general circulation modeling with and without CRD. A new finding in this study is that CRD contributes significantly to a reduction in summer SST in the ECS. Comparison between the two model runs revealed that vertical one-dimensional processes contribute considerably to SST warming in the ECS, while horizontal advection plays an important role in lowering SST in summer. The results of a particle-tracking experiment suggested that the cold water mass formed along the Chinese coast during the previous winter contributes to the SST reduction in the following summer. From the end of the summer monsoon season, the less saline CRD advected toward the Chinese coast generates a shallow mixed layer (ML), which inhibits heat exchange between the ML and thermocline. In winter, heat loss of the ML through the sea surface results in a reduction in SST over a broad region. Water exchange through the bottom of the ML is relatively suppressed by robust stratification, which prevents cooling of the thermocline and leads to a temperature inversion. The northeastward ocean current associated with the summer monsoon carries the cold water mass in the ML across the ECS; therefore, SST decreases during the following season. These results suggest that CRD has a critical role on both the ocean circulation system and the coupled air–sea interactions in the ECS.

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