Large‐scale Crustal Deformation, Slip‐Rate Variation and Strain Distribution along the Kunlun Fault (Tibet) from Sentinel‐1 InSAR Observations (2015‐2020)

For the sake of working safely and stable, large-scale shipbuilding gantry crane was designed based on the principle of metal structure:3S,Strength,Stiffness,Stability. The detailed finite element analytical computation was successfully carried out on this structure, the stress and strain distribution of this structure were obtained under various actual operations. On the basis of it, the structural improvement was carried out, the result of design indicated that the stress was evident and the weight was lightened. This laid a foundation for the structure design of large-scale shipbuilding gantry crane.

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The Genomic Architecture of a Rapid Island Radiation: Recombination Rate Variation, Chromosome Structure, and Genome Assembly of the Hawaiian Cricket Laupala

10.1101/160952 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thomas Blankers ◽

Kevin P. Oh ◽

Aureliano Bombarely ◽

Kerry L. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

De Novo ◽

Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽

Evolutionary Genetics ◽

Rate Variation ◽

Linkage Maps ◽

Recombination Rates ◽

Behavioral Isolation ◽

Genomic Architecture ◽

Suppressed Recombination

ABSTRACTPhenotypic evolution and speciation depend on recombination in many ways. Within populations, recombination can promote adaptation by bringing together favorable mutations and decoupling beneficial and deleterious alleles. As populations diverge, cross-over can give rise to maladapted recombinants and impede or reverse diversification. Suppressed recombination due to genomic rearrangements, modifier alleles, and intrinsic chromosomal properties may offer a shield against maladaptive gene flow eroding co-adapted gene complexes. Both theoretical and empirical results support this relationship. However, little is known about this relationship in the context of behavioral isolation, where co-evolving signals and preferences are the major hybridization barrier. Here we examine the genomic architecture of recently diverged, sexually isolated Hawaiian swordtail crickets (Laupala). We assemble a de novo genome and generate three dense linkage maps from interspecies crosses. In line with expectations based on the species’ recent divergence and successful interbreeding in the lab, the linkage maps are highly collinear and show no evidence for large-scale chromosomal rearrangements. The maps were then used to anchor the assembly to pseudomolecules and estimate recombination rates across the genome. We tested the hypothesis that loci involved in behavioral isolation (song and preference divergence) are in regions of low interspecific recombination. Contrary to our expectations, a genomic region where a male song QTL co-localizes with a female preference QTL was not associated with particularly low recombination rates. This study provides important novel genomic resources for an emerging evolutionary genetics model system and suggests that trait-preference co-evolution is not necessarily facilitated by locally suppressed recombination.

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A combinatorial approach to determine earthquake magnitude distributions on a variable slip-rate fault

Geophysical Journal International ◽

10.1093/gji/ggz294 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 219 (2) ◽

pp. 734-752 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eric L Geist ◽

Tom Parsons

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Integer Programming ◽

Slip Rate ◽

Rate Function ◽

Programming Method ◽

Sequential Algorithm ◽

Rate Variation ◽

Finite Sample ◽

Decision Vector ◽

Lower Magnitude

SUMMARY Combinatorial methods are used to determine the spatial distribution of earthquake magnitudes on a fault whose slip rate varies along strike. Input to the problem is a finite sample of earthquake magnitudes that span 5 kyr drawn from a truncated Pareto distribution. The primary constraints to the problem are maximum and minimum values around the target slip-rate function indicating where feasible solutions can occur. Two methods are used to determine the spatial distribution of earthquakes: integer programming and the greedy-sequential algorithm. For the integer-programming method, the binary decision vector includes all possible locations along the fault where each earthquake can occur. Once a set of solutions that satisfy the constraints is found, the cumulative slip misfit on the fault is globally minimized relative to the target slip-rate function. The greedy algorithm sequentially places earthquakes to locally optimize slip accumulation. As a case study, we calculate how earthquakes are distributed along the megathrust of the Nankai subduction zone, in which the slip rate varies significantly along strike. For both methods, the spatial distribution of magnitudes depends on slip rate, except for the largest magnitude earthquakes that span multiple sections of the fault. The greedy-sequential algorithm, previously applied to this fault (Parsons et al., 2012), tends to produce smoother spatial distributions and fewer lower magnitude earthquakes in the low slip-rate section of the fault compared to the integer-programming method. Differences in results from the two methods relate to how much emphasis is placed on minimizing the misfit to the target slip rate (integer programming) compared to finding a solution within the slip-rate constraints (greedy sequential). Specifics of the spatial distribution of magnitudes also depend on the shape of the target slip-rate function: that is, stepped at the section boundaries versus a smooth function. This study isolates the effects of slip-rate variation along a single fault in determining the spatial distribution of earthquake magnitudes, helping to better interpret results from more complex, interconnected fault systems.

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Flexural Performance of Glued Laminated Bamboo Beams

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.1700 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 168-170 ◽

pp. 1700-1703 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yang Wei ◽

Shen Xue Jiang ◽

Qing Fang Lv ◽

Qi Sheng Zhang ◽

Li Bin Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Strain Distribution ◽

Large Scale ◽

Failure Modes ◽

Plane Section ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Flexural Performance ◽

Design Load ◽

Laminated Bamboo ◽

Buckling Failure ◽

Wooden Structures

Bamboo structures have a good performance like wooden structures. The flexural performance of glued laminated bamboo beams for bamboo structures were studied through ten large-scale beams tested. The study investigated the failure modes of bamboo beams, flexural capacity, cross-sectional stiffness and strain distribution. In test, four kinds of typical failure modes of bamboo beams include brittle fracture of the bottom fiber, compressive buckling failure at the top of the bamboo strips layers, stratified fracture and oblique tear of the bottom fiber. The control condition of the design load was the cross-sectional stiffness rather than the flexural strength according to the experimental results. The flexural elastic modulus of 10GPa is suggested to check deformation of bamboo beams in the design. The plane-section assumption of cross-sectional strain distribution along the height is verified for bamboo beams.

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Depositional sequence of the Post-LGM incised-valley fill controlled by seismic crustal deformation and large-scale lahars: An example of the core obtained from the Sukumo coastal lowland along the Nankai Trough, Japan

The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan ◽

10.5575/geosoc.2020.0023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 126 (9) ◽

pp. 493-517

Author(s):

Futoshi Nanayama ◽

Tatsuhiko Yamaguchi ◽

Toshimichi Nakanishi ◽

Tomohiro Tsuji ◽

Michiharu Ikeda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crustal Deformation ◽

Large Scale ◽

Nankai Trough ◽

Depositional Sequence ◽

Incised Valley ◽

Valley Fill ◽

The Core ◽

Coastal Lowland

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Monitoring and structural analysis of a rehabilitated box girder bridge based on long-gauge strain sensors

Structural Health Monitoring ◽

10.1177/1475921717707357 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 586-597

Author(s):

Huang Huang ◽

Zhishen Wu

Keyword(s):

Strain Distribution ◽

Large Scale ◽

Dynamic Strain ◽

Strain Sensing ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Box Girder ◽

Damage Models ◽

Structural Rehabilitation ◽

Box Girder Bridge ◽

Girder Bridge

Structural rehabilitation is playing an increasingly important role in civil engineering owing to issues with aging infrastructure. In this context, a feasible inspection and monitoring system is needed to draw up effective structural rehabilitation projects. This article presents a case study of a real box girder bridge strengthened via external post-tensioning. With the aim of evaluating the strengthening project and the structural behavior changes, a large-scale strain sensing system containing four sensing areas was installed on the bridge before strengthening, and the static and dynamic strain distribution changes were recorded during annual inspections. The text focuses on discussing and comparing the variations of strain distribution across the bridge before and after strengthening, as well as the yearly changes the rehabilitated bridge has undergone. From the measured strain responses, we accurately determined that the rehabilitated bridge had undergone an unexpected reduction in its flexural stiffness as well as a torsion action. Moreover, finite element analysis results of three different damage models are discussed to understand the detailed cause for this.

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How to reveal the present-day mechanism of the 600 km long Doruneh fault in eastern Iran ?

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-11110 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fateme Khorrami ◽

Andrea Walpersdorf ◽

Zahra Mousavi ◽

Erwan Pathier ◽

Hamid Nankali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Large Scale ◽

Sand Dunes ◽

Slip Rate ◽

Seismic Velocities ◽

Slip Rates ◽

Radar Images ◽

Eastern Iran ◽

Spatial Coverage ◽

Satellite Radar

The enigmatic 600 km long E-W trending left-lateral Doruneh fault in eastern Iran is certified to be active by its well preserved geomorphological features all along its trace, but it is lacking recent seismic activity that could be attributed to its motion. Instead, the high seismogenic potential of the study zone is highlighted by the two M=7 earthquakes on the left-lateral E-W trending Dasht-e-Bayaz fault just south of Doruneh, in 1968 and 1979. Therefore, it remains important to understand the role of the Doruneh fault in the kinematics of the Arabia-Eurasia collision that takes place inside Iran&#8217;s political boundaries.Many different slip-rates have been estimated for the left-lateral motion of the Doruneh fault: 2.5 mm/yr by geomorphological marker offset dating, 1 mm/yr from preliminary GNSS measurements, and 5 mm/yr from a local InSAR study. &#160;These rather local estimates on the 600 km long fault highlight either temporal or spatial variability of the Doruneh present-day behavior. The spatial variability of the fault slip is still badly constraint as the western half of the fault is located in the Great Kavir desert. The analysis of satellite radar images was supposed to provide good constraints on the inter-seismic deformation with a full spatial coverage of the fault, especially thanks to the favorable E-W orientation of the Doruneh fault and the arid Iranian climate. However, decorrelation due to sand dunes and unexpected large tropospheric noise prohibited precise results from a first large-scale ENVISAT study, yielding an upper limit of the slip rate of 4 mm/yr. The high resolution SENTINEL-1 constellation (operational since 2014) is predicted to provide constraints on inter-seismic velocities down to 2 mm/yr from 2020 on. In complement, a dense GNSS survey has been conducted in 2012 and 2018 on a temporary network of 18 sites around a large part of the fault. This network densifies and completes the 17 permanent GNSS stations in up to 200 km distance to the fault trace situated mostly in the eastern, more populated part of the fault.In this work, we will point out our recent GNSS, InSAR and tectonic studies on the present-day characteristics of the Doruneh fault, to better understand the mechanism of this major fault in the kinematics of the Arabia-Eurasia collision, and to contribute to a better assessment of the seismic hazard in eastern Iran.

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