Giving Children the Earliest Head Start: Developing an Individualized Approach to High-Quality Services for Pregnant Women

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Individualized Approach

scholarly journals Does facility readiness promote high-quality of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling to pregnant women? A national survey for improving policy of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deogratius Bintabara ◽  
Athanase Lilungulu ◽  
Shakilu Jumanne ◽  
Mzee M. Nassoro ◽  
Bonaventura C. Mpondo
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Hiv Testing And Counseling ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Facility Readiness ◽  
Testing And Counseling

Abstract Background Provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) is a recommended approach to screen for HIV to all pregnant women during antenatal care (ANC) visits, and all with HIV positive results have to be enrolled into prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) program. However, little is known about the relationship between facility readiness and the uptake of PITC to pregnant women attending ANC in Tanzania. Therefore, this study assessed whether the facility readiness promotes the uptake of PITC to the pregnant women attending ANC for the purpose of improving the PMTCT interventions in Tanzania. Methods This study analyzed data for health facilities obtained from the 2014–2015 Tanzania service provision assessment survey. The Primary outcome measure was a composite variable (with score of 0–5) in which its higher scores indicates provision of high-quality of PITC. Also, facilities scored higher in the PMTCT service readiness index were considered to have high readiness to provide PMTCT services. In Poisson regression analyses, a series of models were fitted to assess whether there is an association between provision of high-quality of PITC and facility readiness. In all statistical analysis, a P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Out of 1853 included first-visit ANC consultations, only about one-third of pregnant women received all five components required for PITC. The mean percentage of PMTCT readiness score was moderate 63.96 [61.32–66.59]%. In adjusted model, we found that facility with high readiness to provide PMTCT services was significantly associated with the provision of high-quality of PITC (model 2: [β = 0.075, P = 0.00]). Conclusion In order to increase high-quality of PITC services, efforts should be made to improve the PMTCT facility readiness by increasing availability of trained staffs, diagnostic tools, and ARTs among health facilities in Tanzania.

scholarly journals The role of tourism awareness in developing accessible tourism

2020 ◽  
pp. 437-463
Author(s):  
طه مهدي محمود ◽  
حسين محمد علي أسد
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Effective Contribution

Tourism awareness is one of the most important pillars that contribute to the development of the tourism industry in general, and the development of various tourism patterns in particular, and among those patterns are accessible tourism, because of its great importance in reducing the negative effects that may accompany the tourism industry by building educated tourism employees And be aware, knowledgeable and aware of the importance of the accomplishments and successes achieved by the tourism sector and the opportunities that this sector offers and economic opportunities that ultimately reflect on the members of society and the country. Perhaps the sensitivity of dealing with the categories of accessible tourism (those with special needs, the elderly, pregnant women, mothers for young children) need special type employees who possess a set of special skills and experiences in dealing with those groups to make the details of the tourist trip for the concerned individuals, the most important of which is accommodation (the hotel). And to achieve the best possibility to enjoy the tourist activity in general. This research aims to highlight on the role of tourism awareness for a sample of employees of the holy Karbala hotels and their effective contribution to achieve the development of soft tourism by providing high-quality services that reassure the targeted tourists and thus contribute to attract the largest number of them, which is greatly reflected in the development of tourism and making years Coming golden years for this tourist pattern, which is considered an ethical and human duty to care about and develop.

Equitable Access to High-Quality Early Care and Education: Opportunities to Better Serve Young Hispanic Children and Their Families

2021 ◽  
Vol 696 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-105
Author(s):  
Julia Mendez Smith ◽  
Danielle Crosby ◽  
Christina Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Hispanic Children ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Early Childhood Care ◽  
Childhood Care ◽  
Low Income Families

Significant investments in public early childhood care and education (ECE) have yielded higher Hispanic enrollment in preschool-age programs, but progress has been uneven and inconsistent, especially for the youngest Hispanic children and low-income families. We review how ECE has contributed to Hispanic children’s development, offering a detailed review of Hispanic children’s participation in ECE, including evidence of effectiveness from ECE programs such as Early Head Start and Head Start, and state pre-K programs. We conclude with a discussion of why Hispanic children remain underserved by ECE and what policy changes could increase participation in these programs among Hispanics. We argue for expansion of established high-quality ECE into Hispanic-dense communities, for strategies that enroll and retain Latino children in ECE in ways that are family-centered and culturally responsive, and that ECE must adapt to better serve Hispanic families and dual language learners who require culturally appropriate pedagogy.

Target Selection Considerations for Speech Sound Disorder Intervention in Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1722-1734
Author(s):  
Shari L. DeVeney ◽  
Kathryn Cabbage ◽  
Theresa Mourey
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Speech Sound Disorders ◽  
Speech Sound Disorder ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Therapy Targets ◽  
Individualized Approach

Purpose Clinicians working with children who have speech sound disorders that involve multiple errors often prioritize particular errored sounds for intervention. However, this prioritization is not always an easy or clearly defined clinical decision, as there are many target selection considerations to weigh, some of which directly oppose one another. Conversely, sometimes there are multiple justified reasons to target a particular process or sound over others produced in error. Having a well-advised rationale regarding what sounds/sound classes to prioritize in treatment is a critical tenet of high-quality clinical service provision. Therefore, speech-language pathologists need to be mindful of differing rationales for prioritizing therapy targets and note that the same prioritization may not be appropriate for all children receiving therapy. Conclusions This clinical focus article provides an overview of a wide variety of pediatric target selection considerations (e.g., stimulability, complexity, frequency of occurrence, and interference with intelligibility) and offers clinicians theoretical and research-based rationales for each. Limitations and/or controversies that hamper practical clinical application of each target selection consideration are noted and described. Aspects in need of further research are highlighted. Additionally, through presentation of hypothetical case studies, the authors illustrate an individualized approach to target selection appropriate for a pediatric caseload.

Understanding Head Start Children's Transitions to Kindergarten

2021 ◽  
pp. 254-273
Author(s):  
Louisa Tarullo ◽  
Nikki Aikens ◽  
Lizabeth Malone ◽  
Ashley Kopack Klein ◽  
Jennifer Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Supportive Relationships ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Strong Position ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Quality Learning ◽  
Smooth Transitions

Participating in Head Start can prepare children and families for success in kindergarten and beyond. A growing body of research suggests that continuity in high-quality learning experiences is critical for maintaining children's success. Transition practices can provide such continuity and improve children's outcomes. Head Start is in a strong position to help build that continuity to support parents and children. This chapter provides in-depth analyses of Head Start children's transitions to kindergarten from multiple respondent perspectives, using data from two cohorts of the Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey. Although most Head Start centers/programs and receiving schools conduct activities to promote smooth transitions and supportive relationships, fewer are intentional about supporting an alignment of standards, curricula, and assessments across educational settings.

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