Sleep deprivation and decision-making teams: A contingent effect

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Barnes ◽  
John R. Hollenbeck
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sleep Deprivation

293 Predictive utility of a brief scale to identify U.S. Army Soldiers who are genetically vulnerable and resilient to sleep loss

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A117-A117
Author(s):  
Janna Mantua ◽  
Carolyn Mickelson ◽  
Jacob Naylor ◽  
Bradley Ritland ◽  
Alexxa Bessey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Cognitive Subscale ◽  
Army Soldiers ◽  
Psychomotor Vigilance

Abstract Introduction Sleep loss that is inherent to military operations can lead to cognitive errors and potential mission failure. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) allele variations of several genes (COMT, ADORA2A, TNFa, CLOCK, DAT1) have been linked with inter-individual cognitive resilience to sleep loss through various mechanisms. U.S. Army Soldiers with resilience-related alleles may be better-suited to perform cognitively-arduous duties under conditions of sleep loss than those without these alleles. However, military-wide genetic screening is costly, arduous, and infeasible. This study tested whether a brief survey of subjective resilience to sleep loss (1) can demarcate soldiers with and without resilience-related alleles, and, if so, (2) can predict cognitive performance under conditions of sleep loss. Methods Six SNPs from the aforementioned genes were sequenced from 75 male U.S. Army special operations Soldiers (age 25.7±4.1). Psychomotor vigilance, response inhibition, and decision-making were tested after a night of mission-driven total sleep deprivation. The Iowa Resilience to Sleeplessness Test (iREST) Cognitive Subscale, which measures subjective cognitive resilience to sleep loss, was administered after a week of recovery sleep. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine whether the iREST Cognitive Subscale can discriminate between gene carriers, and a cutoff score was determined. Cognitive performance after sleep deprivation was compared between those below/above the cutoff score using t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests. Results The iREST discriminated between allele variations for COMT (ROC=.65,SE=.07,p=.03), with an optimal cutoff score of 3.03 out of 5, with 90% sensitivity and 51.4% specificity. Soldiers below the cutoff score had significantly poorer for psychomotor vigilance reaction time (t=-2.39,p=.02), response inhibition errors of commission (U=155.00,W=246.00,p=.04), and decision-making reaction time (t=2.13,p=.04) than Soldiers above the cutoff score. Conclusion The iREST Cognitive Subscale can discriminate between those with and without specific vulnerability/resilience-related genotypes. If these findings are replicated, the iREST Cognitive Subscale could be used to help military leaders make decisions about proper personnel placement when sleep loss is unavoidable. This would likely result in increased safety and improved performance during military missions. Support (if any) Support for this study came from the Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the United States Army Medical Research and Development Command.

Impact of Built Design on Nighttime Family Presence in the Intensive Care Unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Truong-Giang Huynh ◽  
Robert L. Owens ◽  
Judy E. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Care Team ◽  
Night Sleep ◽  
Family Presence ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Before And After

Objective: Determine whether dedicated family space changes family presence at night in the intensive care unit (ICU). Purpose: To measure family presence at night before and after moving to an ICU with in-room family space. Background: The safeguarding phenomenon families experience may lead to the desire to sit vigil at the bedside. Lack of dedicated family sleep space may exacerbate sleep deprivation for those who wish to be present at night. Sleep deprivation decreases cognition and capacity for decision-making. Traditionally, ICU rooms have not included dedicated family areas or sleep surfaces. National recommendations include designing new hospital ICU rooms with dedicated family space. It is not known if the built design changes family presence at night. Method: Family presence was measured for 30 nights pre- and postmove to a newly built ICU with dedicated family space. The policy for open flexible family presence remained the same before and after the move. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in proportion of occupied patient rooms with visitors following the move to the new ICU designed with family space (31% difference, x2= 5.675, 95% CI [5.74, 51.29], p = .0172). Conclusions: Families utilize the space when available. Further research is needed to quantify quality and quantity of family sleep and impact on decision-making and interactions with the care team. Sleep deprivation may decrease for families who would have remained in the unit without available family space and sleep surface.

scholarly journals The Psychological Lives of the Poor

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Schilbach ◽  
Heather Schofield ◽  
Sendhil Mullainathan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Growing Body

All individuals rely on a fundamental set of mental capacities and functions, or bandwidth, in their economic and non-economic lives. Yet, many factors associated with poverty, such as malnutrition, alcohol consumption, or sleep deprivation, may tax this capacity. Previous research has demonstrated that such taxes often significantly alter judgments, preferences, and decision-making. A more suggestive but growing body of evidence points toward potential effects on productivity and utility. Considering the lives of the poor through the lens of bandwidth may improve our understanding of potential causes and consequences of poverty.

scholarly journals Feedback Blunting: Total Sleep Deprivation Impairs Decision Making that Requires Updating Based on Feedback

SLEEP ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Whitney ◽  
John M. Hinson ◽  
Melinda L. Jackson ◽  
Hans P.A. Van Dongen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation

Caffeine Effects on Risky Decision Making After 75 Hours of Sleep Deprivation

2007 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 957-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. S. Killgore ◽  
Erica L. Lipizzi ◽  
Gary H. Kamimori ◽  
Thomas J. Balkin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision

scholarly journals 0301 Different Indices of Vigilant Attention During Sleep Deprivation: Evidence of Multiple Vigilance Constructs?

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A114-A114
Author(s):  
D Lawrence-Sidebottom ◽  
J M Hinson ◽  
P Whitney ◽  
K A Honn ◽  
H Van Dongen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Attention Deficits ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Continuous Performance Task ◽  
Performance Task ◽  
The Stability

Abstract Introduction Total sleep deprivation (TSD) causes profound vigilant attention deficits, with large, trait-like individual differences, as evidenced convincingly by response lapses on the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT). There is debate, however, about the role of vigilant attention deficits in the effects of TSD on other speeded performance tasks besides the PVT. We addressed this issue by testing whether PVT response lapses are related to delays in responding to stimuli under strict deadlines in two decision making tasks. Methods N=54 healthy adults (aged 21-38y; 31 females) completed an in-laboratory TSD study. Following a 10h baseline sleep opportunity, cognitive testing occurred after 25h and 29h of TSD (09:00 and 13:00). Testing included an AX continuous performance task with switch (AX-CPTs), which is a dynamic decision making task requiring subjects to respond to a frequently occurring cue-probe combination; an identical pairs continuous performance task (CPT-IP), which is a 1-back go/no-go task; and a 10min PVT. Lapses (RTs>500ms) on the PVT and target accuracy on the AX-CPTs and CPT-IP were calculated as indices of vigilant attention. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to quantify the stability of individual differences, and absolute rank-order correlation (|ρ|) was used to compare the three indices. Results The stability of individual differences ranged from fair to substantial (PVT: ICC=0.44; AX-CPTs: ICC=0.73; CPT-IP: ICC=0.31). The rank-order correlation between the AX-CPTs and CPT-IP vigilant attention indices was relatively high (|ρ|=0.44), whereas correlations with PVT lapses were much lower (AX-CPTs: |ρ|=0.14; CPT-IP: |ρ|=0.04). Conclusion Individual differences during TSD were moderately stable for each index of vigilant attention, but the relationships between PVT lapses and the other indices were weak. This suggests that any or all of the indices considered here are not pure measures of vigilant attention, or that vigilant attention may constitute multiple, distinct constructs. Support CDMRP grant W81XWH-16-1-0319

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