Caribbean Experts Define Priorities to Increase Access to HIV Services by Vulnerable Groups: Health Services Need to Adapt to Provide Adequate Care

2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Hiv Services ◽  
Adequate Care ◽  
Health Services Need

scholarly journals Why has COVID-19 not hit the countries like Nepal yet?

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Pathak ◽  
Tara Gaire ◽  
Mu-Hsing Ho ◽  
Hui chen (Rita) Chang
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Local Health ◽  
First Case ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Health Services Need ◽  
The Government ◽  
Google Search

AbstractNoble CORONA Virus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease similar form of pneumonia/ SARS-CoV-2- impacting globally. The fear of coronavirus looks pandemic, but its severity is uncertain. Nepal was one of the first nine countries outside of China to report a COVID-19 case. Also, its unpredictability of mode or range of surface, the lifespan of the virus, objects of transmission (a distance of air/air currents, living duration in air, humidity, duration on objects, surface). The first case was found in Wuhan in December 2019 in China. The purpose is to summarize the current information about COVID-19 and to explore in terms of why Nepal is not hitting severely, while other countries are on death toll? We summarized the published articles form the web sources and news, Academic Journals, Ministry of health and population Nepal, WHO/CDC update reports/guidelines, Google search engine. Thematic analysis is made to explore the situation. Although, Nepal has a lack of health services, testing kits, advance lab and protecting equipment (PPE), why COVID-19 does not hit Nepal than China, Europe and North America, it still tremendous uncertainty. Is lockdown, isolation, social distance and quarantine the best ways of prevention? The hypothesis is floating globally – do BCG vaccinated countries are safer than non-user OR due to not having enough kits to screen populations at risk for the virus – while lack of testing a big cause for missing case OR Nepalese have better immune systems? It has attracted global attention. We believe that the COVID-19 is still evolving and it is too early to predict of an outbreak in Nepal. The government needs to increase funding for local health departments, begin planning for future epidemics and be prepared to bolster the economy by supporting consumer spending the midst of a serious outbreak. COVID-19 is a serious health challenge for Nepal, but so far the number of death has been lower than was foretell. It is, therefore essential to carry out more scientific evidence to explore results. Nepalese health services need to maintain up than today and follow lockdown, isolation, social distance and an advance screening test kit through the country.

Derecho a la protección de la salud y exclusión de la asistencia sanitaria: la crisis económica como pretexto para la limitación del acceso a los servicios y prestaciones del estado del bienestar

2014 ◽  
pp. 125-148
Author(s):  
Vicenç AGUADO I CUDOLÀ ◽  
Raquel PRADO PÉREZ
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health System ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Home Health ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Unemployment Benefit ◽  
Autonomous Communities ◽  
International Obligations ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
Economic Criteria

LABURPENA: 16/2010 Errege Lege Dekretuak osasun-laguntzan ezarritako erreformak asegurudun eta onuradun kontzeptuak erabiltzen ditu osasun-sistema publikoa erabiltzeko bide gisa. Sistema guztiz unibertsalizatzeko joera geldiarazten da horrela, eta, soilik irizpide ekonomikoetan oinarrituta, sistematik kanpo utzi nahi dira egoera ahulean dauden zenbait kolektibo, hala nola, egoera irregularrean dauden etorkinak eta langabezian dauden, laurogeita hamar egun baino gehiagoz atzerrian dauden eta langabezia-prestazioa edo –subsidioa jasotzeari utzi dioten emigratzaile espainiarrak. Defendatzen den tesia da egoera ahulean dauden taldeak kanporatzea osasuna babesteko konstituzio-eskubidearen eta estatu espainiarrak bere gain hartutako nazioarteko betebeharren kontrakotzat jo daitekeela. Gainera, erreformak berriz zentralizatzeko asmo garbia dauka, Gizarte Segurantzako berezko ideiak erabiliz; autonomia-erkidegoek barne-osasunaren alorrean haien gain hartutako eskumenak zatikatzen ditu erkidegoetako osasun-zerbitzuak deskoordinatuta daudenaren aitzakian baina hori inola frogatu gabe. RESUMEN: La reforma de la asistencia sanitaria llevada a cabo por el Real Decreto-Ley 16/2012 utiliza las nociones de asegurado y beneficiario como vias de acceso al sistema publico de salud. Se frena una tendencia dirigida a una plena universalizacion del sistema para excluir, en base a criterios meramente economicos, a determinados colectivos vulnerables como los inmigrantes en situacion irregular y los emigrantes espanoles en paro que estan mas de noventa dias en el extranjero y que han dejado de percibir la prestacion o subsidio de desempleo. La tesis que se defiende es que la exclusion de grupos vulnerables puede entenderse contraria al derecho constitucional a la proteccion de la salud y a las obligaciones internacionales asumidas por el Estado espanol. La reforma tiene, ademas, un rasgo claramente recentralizador, a traves de la utilizacion de las nociones propias de la Seguridad Social, que laminan competencias que habian asumido las comunidades autonomas en materia de sanidad interior, bajo el pretexto de una no acreditada descoordinacion entre los servicios de salud autonomicos. ABSTRACT: The reform of medical care carried out by means of the Royal Decreelaw uses the concepts of insured and beneficiary as ways of access to the publich health system. It curbs the trend towards a full univesalization of the system in order to exclude, based upon merely economic criteria, some specific vulnerable groups as irregular inmigrants and Spanish unemployed emigrants who are abroad more than ninety days and who are not receiving the unemployment benefit. The thesis is that the exclusion of vulnerable groups can be considered against the constitutional right to the health protection and to the international obligations assumed by the Spanish state. Besides the reform has a clear recentralizing feature by using notions typical to Social Security which laminate the competences that had been taken by the Autonomous Communities in the field of home health, with the excuse of a non proved discordination between the automic health services.

scholarly journals MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES DURING THE PANDEMIC: THE EXPERIENCES OF LITHUANIAN PSYCHOLOGISTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 217-229
Author(s):  
Rita Vaičekauskaitė ◽  
Jurgita Babarskienė ◽  
Jūratė Grubliauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Mental Health Crisis ◽  
Health Crisis

With the COVID-19 pandemic and its restrictions, many countries face an unprecedented mental health crisis, which is being addressed in various ways, including the use of remote mental health services. Lithuania faced two quarantines: in March-June of 2020 and starting November 2020 up to Spring of 2021.  The aim of this study is to explore the experiences of Lithuanian psychologists providing mental health services during the pandemic.  Using the qualitative content analysis method, the following categories were made: from shock to discovery of new opportunities (differences in two lockdowns, better accessibility of services, help-seeking during the pandemic, and the importance of self-care) and contextual challenges (confidentiality, computer literacy, and blurred home/work boundaries). Implications for addressing psychological service issues are discussed, with an emphasis on self-care, setting boundaries, and finding new ways to enhance mental health via mediated communication as well as to reach out to vulnerable groups.

scholarly journals The Risks and Benefits of Providing HIV Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stover ◽  
Sherrie L. Kelly ◽  
Edinah Mudimu ◽  
Dylan Green ◽  
Tyler Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision ◽  
Medical Male Circumcision ◽  
Hiv Services ◽  
Trade Offs

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused widespread disruptions including to health services. In the early response to the pandemic many countries restricted population movements and some health services were suspended or limited. In late 2020 and early 2021 some countries re-imposed restrictions. Health authorities need to balance the potential harms of additional SARS-CoV-2 transmission due to contacts associated with health services against the benefits of those services, including fewer new HIV infections and deaths. This paper examines these trade-offs for select HIV services.MethodsWe used four HIV simulation models (Goals, HIV Synthesis, Optima HIV and EMOD) to estimate the benefits of continuing HIV services in terms of fewer new HIV infections and deaths. We used three COVID-19 transmission models (Covasim, Cooper/Smith and a simple contact model) to estimate the additional deaths due to SARS-CoV-2 transmission among health workers and clients. We examined four HIV services: voluntary medical male circumcision, HIV diagnostic testing, viral load testing and programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission. We compared COVID-19 deaths in 2020 and 2021 with HIV deaths occurring now and over the next 50 years discounted to present value. The models were applied to countries with a range of HIV and COVID-19 epidemics.ResultsMaintaining these HIV services could lead to additional COVID-19 deaths of 0.002 to 0.15 per 10,000 clients. HIV-related deaths averted are estimated to be much larger, 19 - 146 discounted deaths per 10,000 clients.DiscussionWhile there is some additional short-term risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission associated with providing HIV services, the risk of additional COVID-19 deaths is at least 100 times less than the HIV deaths averted by those services. Ministries of Health need to take into account many factors in deciding when and how to offer essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. This work shows that the benefits of continuing key HIV services are far larger than the risks of additional SARS-CoV-2 transmission.

scholarly journals Determinants of Sexual and Reproductive Health among Brazilian youth (aged 18 to 29 years old)

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Miguel Barbosa Fontes ◽  
Rdrigo Campos Crivelaro ◽  
Alice Margini Scartezini ◽  
David Duarte Lima ◽  
Alexandre De Araújo Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Main Determinants

This study assessed the main determinants of sexual and reproductive health of Brazilian youth. It was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medicine Faculty of the University of Brasília, and it received support from Paho and Brazilian Ministry of Health. 1.208 youngsters (18 to 29 years old) in 15 states and Federal District were interviewed at their residences, during the second semester of 2011. Margin of error, adjusted regional and nationally, was 2.8% (CI: 95%), regarding the assessed sample. A KAP scale (knowledge, attitudes, and practices) with 17 questions (-17 to +17 points) was generated. A questionnaire was pre-tested for consistency and validity analysis was performed. KAP scale was used as dependent variable in adjusted linear regression models. Mean KAP score was 5.65 points. Gaps in KAP were: 70% of the youth do not know when the fertility period of a woman is. 42% of youth do not recognize condoms as a method to prevent unwanted pregnancy and STDs. The main factors associated to explaining variances in KAP are gender, education, religion, access to health services, having had sexual intercourse in the last 12 months, and having friends as the main personal reference (p < 0.05). Youngsters with higher education, women, non-Protestant, who claim to know where to find health services have better KAP level of reproductive health. Studies are necessary to support public policies that increase the KAP levels in sexual and reproductive health of the most vulnerable groups, such as the segment comprising low education, men and Protestants.

scholarly journals When health services are powerless to prevent suicide: results from a linkage study of suicide among men with no service contact in the year prior to death

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Mallon ◽  
Karen Galway ◽  
Janeet Rondon-Sulbaran ◽  
Lynette Hughes ◽  
Gerry Leavey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Health Campaigns

AbstractAimsTo investigate cases of suicide in which there was no healthcare contact, by looking at history of help-seeking and evidence of previous mental health vulnerability. To identify any life events associated with suicide for which individuals did not seek help.BackgroundPrevious research has suggested that non-consultation is the main barrier to suicide prevention among men. Estimates suggest approximately 22% of men who die by suicide have not consulted their GP in the year before their death. Little is known about the lifetime pattern of engagement with services among these individuals and whether or not this may influence their help-seeking behaviour before death.MethodsCoroner records of suicide deaths in Northern Ireland over 2 years were linked to general practice (GP) records. This identified 63 individuals who had not attended health services in the 12 months before death. Coroner’s data were used to categorise life events associated with the male deaths. Lifetime mental health help-seeking at the GP was assessed.FindingsThe vast majority of individuals who did not seek help were males (n=60, 15% of all suicide deaths). Lack of consultation in the year before suicide was consistent with behaviour over the lifespan; over two-thirds had no previous consultations for mental health. In Coroner’s records, suicides with no prior consultation were primarily linked to relationship breakdown and job loss. These findings highlight the limitations of primary care in suicide prevention as most had never attended GP for mental health issues and there was a high rate of supported consultation among those who had previously sought help. Public health campaigns that promote service use among vulnerable groups at times of crisis might usefully be targeted at those likely to be experiencing financial and relationship issues.

Mental health and human rights in Morocco: The urgent need for new policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S568-S568
Author(s):  
C. Aroui ◽  
A. Khoubila ◽  
K. Mchichi Alami ◽  
M. Agoub ◽  
O. Battas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Health And Human Rights

IntroductionAll over the world, there is global emergency when it comes to respecting human rights in providing good mental health services. Morocco as an African and a developing country has always had a mental health policy defined by several glitches and failures, which had not helped him improve its mental health services quality. Nevertheless, huge improvements were achieved through time.ObjectivesThis report, aims to draw attention on how compulsory it is to think and act all together to promote mental health and provide patients with better health services in Morocco.MethodsThe National Human Rights Council conducted an information and investigation mission in Morocco's main mental health hospitals and facilities between March 27 and July 6, 2012.ResultsStructures are insufficient and inadequate in terms of geographical distribution, architecture and equipment. There is a big shortage of medical and paramedical staff and little interest is given to vulnerable groups. Nevertheless, huge improvements have also been achieved through time with mental health issues becoming a cornerstone of the ministerial program, the involvement of the NGOs, the construction of newer facilities, the implementation of an information gathering system and the presence of a substance use policy.ConclusionPsychiatry in Morocco has come a long way since it was firstly implemented in the country as a medical specialty. Undoubtedly, a lot has been done but much more remains to be achieved. The current situation requires relevant actions and that clearly includes the implementation of a new mental health policy and the update of the legal framework.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Sustainable psychiatry in the UK

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sucharita Yarlagadda ◽  
Daniel Maughan ◽  
Susie Lingwood ◽  
Phil Davison
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Patient Empowerment ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Health Services Need ◽  
Sustainable System ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Clinical Transformation

SummaryDemands on our mental health services are growing as financial pressures increase. In addition, there are regular changes to service design and commissioning. The current political mantra is ‘more and more, of better quality, for less and less, please’. We suggest that mental health services need to actively respond to these constraints and that clinical transformation is needed to move towards a more sustainable system of healthcare. Emphasis on prevention, patient empowerment and leaner, greener services is required alongside more extensive use of technologies. Focusing on these areas will make mental health services more responsive to the challenges we face and serve to future-proof psychiatry in the UK. Services need to be delivered to provide maximum benefit to the health of our patients, but also to our society and the environment.

scholarly journals Integrating HIV services with other health services to improve care, retention and adherence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Heard ◽  
◽  
Katia Peterson ◽  
Shilpa Modi ◽  
Hisham Esper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Hiv Services
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