Are unskilled drivers aware of their deficiencies? How driving skills influence the accuracy of driving performance estimates

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Kidd ◽  
Christopher A. Monk
Keyword(s):  
Driving Performance ◽  
Driving Skills ◽  
Performance Estimates

Field Driving Test Situations for Ml Tank Drivers

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 545-545
Author(s):  
Susan L. Burroughs ◽  
Roy C. Campbell ◽  
Charlotte H. Campbell ◽  
C. Mazie Knerr
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Simulator Training ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Driving Skills ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
General Field

The presentation deals with the testing of Ml tank drivers and focuses on the requirement to establish reliable measures of nonprocedural portions of the tank driver's job. Tests of tank driving skills have been difficult to develop because of situational reliability problems. Actual conduct of the tests with 60 ton tanks change the driving terrain for each subsequent subject. Further, problems of rater reliability in the use of observational ratings and checklists have been encountered. The purposes of the present study were (a) to develop test methodologies for tank driving that would enable these problems to be overcome and (b) to evaluate these methodologies by developing and assessing a battery of on–tank tests of nonprocedural, tactical Ml tank driving skills. Eleven driving tasks for which tests were to be developed were derived from an ARI criticality survey. Analysis of the tasks resulted in decisions to test nine of the tasks, but only those aspects that related to the driver and that were feasible for testing. Five of the tests were Obstacle/Judgment tests, and four were Tactical tests. The tests were tried out on 77 soldiers in two Ml OSUT classes (none of the soldiers took all the tests). The data were used to assess scorer agreement and internal consistency, to estimate utility based on reliability and variability, and to direct revisions and recommendations for future testing. For each of the nine tests, the data indicated that driver performance could be measured reliably. Both the Obstacle/Judgment tests and Tactical tests had been designed so that usable quantitative data could be obtained, and for every test, refinements were suggested based on data and on informal observations. For two of the Tactical tests, an innovative scoring technique using an Ml tank profile overlay was explored. Despite high ratings in the criticality survey, one Obstacle/Judgment test was recommended for deletion. While more replications and developmental refinements of the tests are needed, the analysis and development performed have produced tests that are already minimally reliable. The tests were designed for use in measuring on–tank driving performance against which to assess driver simulator training. They may also be useful in general field applications for training.

What Is the Driving Performance of Ambulatory Surgical Patients after General Anesthesia?

2005 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 951-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Chung ◽  
Leonid Kayumov ◽  
David R. Sinclair ◽  
Reginald Edward ◽  
Henry J. Moller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Arthroscopic Surgery ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Driving Simulation ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Simulation Performance ◽  
Driving Skills

Background Ambulatory surgical patients are advised to refrain from driving for 24 h postoperatively. However, currently there is no strong evidence to show that driving skills and alertness have resumed in patients by 24 h after general anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether impaired driver alertness had been restored to normal by 2 and 24 h after general anesthesia in patients who underwent ambulatory surgery. Methods Twenty patients who underwent left knee arthroscopic surgery were studied. Their driving simulation performance, electroencephalographically verified parameters of sleepiness, subjective assessment of sleepiness, fatigue, alertness, and pain were measured preoperatively and 2 and 24 h postoperatively. The same measurements were performed in a matched control group of 20 healthy individuals. Results Preoperatively, patients had significantly higher attention lapses and lower alertness levels versus normal controls. Significantly impaired driving skills and alertness, including longer reaction time, higher occurrence of attention lapses, and microsleep intrusions, were found 2 h postoperatively versus preoperatively. No significantly differences were found in any driving performance parameters or electroencephalographically verified parameters 24 h postoperatively versus preoperatively. Conclusions Patients showed lower alertness levels and impaired driving skills preoperatively and 2 h postoperatively. Based on driving simulation performance and subjective assessments, patients are safe to drive 24 h after general anesthesia.

Implicit evaluations about driving skills predicting driving performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pınar Bıçaksız ◽  
Mehmet Harma ◽  
Burak Doğruyol ◽  
Timo Lajunen ◽  
Türker Özkan
Keyword(s):  
Driving Performance ◽  
Driving Skills

Driving Under the Influence of Antidepressants: A Systematic Review and Update of the Evidence of Experimental and Controlled Clinical Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (05) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Brunnauer ◽  
Gerd Laux
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Driving Under The Influence ◽  
Driving Ability ◽  
Driving Skills ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Repeated Dosing ◽  
Patient Studies

Abstract Introduction This review provides an update of experimental and clinical studies on the effects of antidepressants on driving performance. Methods A systematic literature search on the PubMed database (1980–2016) was performed. Results Twenty-eight studies could be included in this review, whereas only 5 studies investigated driving performance under antidepressants in patients. Most tri- and tetracyclics have acute deleterious effects on driving performance that, except for mianserin, attenuate after subchronic use. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and the serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor’s venlafaxine and milnacipran did not affect driving ability. Trazodone appears to have dose-related acute effects on driving skills. Acute use of mirtazapine does produce impairments that diminish when given as a nocturnal dose and cannot be seen in healthy subjects when initially given as a low dose or after repeated dosing. Additive effects with alcohol were most pronounced with sedating antidepressants. Most patients definitely benefit from treatment with newer antidepressants with respect to driving skills. Discussion Much more patient studies are needed to elucidate a crucial question: from which antidepressant treatment do patients benefit most with respect to driving performance?

scholarly journals Behavioral and Cardiovascular Responses to Frustration During Simulated Driving Tasks in Young Adults With and Without Attention Disorder Symptoms

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 478-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele L. Oliver ◽  
Joel T. Nigg ◽  
Nicholas D. Cassavaugh ◽  
Richard W. Backs
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Simulated Driving ◽  
Driving Skills

Objective: The present study examined the role of negative emotions on driving performance in relation to ADHD, by comparing young adults scoring high on measures of ADHD ( n = 20) with a control group ( n = 22). Method: The authors used cardiorespiratory physiological measures, simulated driving behavior, and self-report to examine how participants with high and low ADHD symptoms responded to frustration and to determine how frustration affected simulated driving performance. Results: Groups did not differ in operational driving skills, but participants with high ADHD symptoms reported more frustration and exhibited more impairment at the tactical level of driving performance than the controls. There was significant suppression of respiratory sinus arrhythmia from resting baseline during tasks, but it did not differ between groups during driving. Conclusion: This article proposes that remedial driver training for ADHD populations should focus more on the control of negative emotions rather than on attention or fundamental driving skills. (J. of Att. Dis. 2012; 16(6) 478-490)

scholarly journals Acute Hyperglycemia may impair driving skills of young T1DM patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1284-1284
Author(s):  
Dana Ridel ◽  
Avinoam Borowsky ◽  
Yisrael Parmet ◽  
Alon Haim ◽  
Rotem Shalev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Acute Hyperglycemia ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
Driving Skills ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mean Glucose

Diabetic drivers are at increased risk to be involved in road crashes. While there is a large body of evidence regarding the effects of hypoglycemia on driving, very little is known about the effects of hyperglycemia on driving. The goal of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the effects of acute hyperglycemia (AH) on type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) drivers in comparison to euglycemic state. Eighteen T1DM drivers were asked to navigate twice through nine hazardous scenarios in a driving simulator during euglycemia and AH (mean glucose level 138±34 and 321±29 mg\dL respectively) in a counterbalanced crossover design. Driving performance was continually monitored for driving data and eye tracking data. During euglycemia, participants maintained a longer headway distance (Mean=50.46+26.2m) compared to AH (40.87+20.15m P<0.005). Under a state of euglycemia, participants had a fewer number of brakes per kilometers driven (4.31+3.867) compared to AH (6.69+5.192 P<0.05). This study provides evidence to the negative effects of acute hyperglycemia on driving performance.

Relation of Individual Differences in Information-Processing Ability to Driving Performance

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (15) ◽  
pp. 965-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Ranney ◽  
Nathaniel H. Pulling
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Driving Skills ◽  
Processing Ability ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Selection Of

Fifty subjects ranging in age from 30 to 83 participated in a closed-course driving test and in laboratory tests of information processing. Driving tests included responding to traffic signals, selection of routes, avoidance of moving hazards, and judgment at stationary gaps. Lab tests included measures of perceptual style, selective attention, reaction time, visual acuity, perceptual speed and risk-taking propensity. Analyses were conducted to determine how well lab measures predicted driving performance. Results revealed different patterns of correlations for different age groups. For younger drivers (30-51), lab measures generally showed no association with measures of driving performance. For older drivers (74-83), measures of information-processing were associated with overall rated driving performance, while measures of reaction time showed strong correlations with objective driving measures. The results suggested that different mechanisms are utilized by drivers of different ages, and that the slowing of reaction time associated with aging has effects on driving skills related to vehicle control.

Driving With ADHD: Performance Effects and Environment Demand in Traffic

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1570-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nastassia J. S. Randell ◽  
Samuel G. Charlton ◽  
Nicola J. Starkey
Keyword(s):  
Driving Performance ◽  
Attentional Demand ◽  
Risky Driving ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Driving Skills ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Performance Effects ◽  
Driving Outcomes

Objective: This research investigated the on-road driving performance of individuals with ADHD across a range of road and traffic conditions to determine whether errors were linked to situational complexity and attentional demands. Method: The everyday driving performance of medicated drivers with ADHD, unmedicated drivers with ADHD, and controls was tested in urban, residential, rural, and highway environments using driver license testing procedures. Results: Unmedicated drivers with ADHD displayed fewer safe driving skills and committed more inattentive and impatient driving errors, particularly in low demand highway and rural driving conditions. Medicated drivers’ performance was not reliably different than controls. Participants in both ADHD groups were more likely than controls to report risky driving and involvement in crashes. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that situations with low attentional demand are particularly risky for unmedicated ADHD drivers and suggest that focus on these situations may be useful in improving driving outcomes for this population.

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