Gender congruency effect in second language recognition and production: Evidence from Russian-Spanish bilinguals

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Paolieri ◽  
Francisca Padilla ◽  
Olga Koreneva ◽  
Pedro Macizo
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Congruency Effect ◽  
Language Recognition ◽  
Gender Congruency Effect ◽  
Spanish Bilinguals

scholarly journals The gender congruency effect across languages in bilinguals: A meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Sá-Leite ◽  
Karlos Luna ◽  
Isabel Fraga ◽  
Montserrat Comesaña
Keyword(s):  
Congruency Effect ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gender Congruency Effect

Possibility of semantic involvement in the L1-L2 congruency effect in the processing of L2 collocations

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Congruency Effect ◽  
First Language ◽  
Semantic Transparency ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Word Translation

Abstract A growing body of second language (L2) research has identified the congruency effect in the processing of L2 collocations (L2 collocations that have word-for-word translation equivalents in learners’ first language [L1] are processed more quickly and accurately than those that have no such forms in L1). However, the locus of this effect has yet to be fully understood. This study explored the possibility of semantic involvement in this phenomenon by categorizing congruent and incongruent items used in the past studies according to the semantic transparency of collocations. Results showed a clear dominance of transparent items in the congruent category and that of opaque items in the incongruent category, suggesting the possibility of semantic involvement in the congruency effect. However, considerations of other factors observed in the pertinent studies led to the conclusion that there is something more in the congruency effect beyond semantic transparency.

Discussion on New Technologies in Spoken and Signed Language Assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 431-436
Author(s):  
Sarah Ebling ◽  
Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Volker Hegelheimer ◽  
Necati Cihan Camgöz ◽  
Richard Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Language Assessment ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Language Recognition ◽  
Interactional Competence ◽  
Signed Language ◽  
Technological Developments

This chapter discusses the implications of second language (L2) spoken assessment technologies and signed language assessment technologies. Specifically, the authors discuss how signed language recognition technology can be applied for the assessment of interactional competence in L2 spoken language assessment. The chapter outlines assessment management systems and the improvement of signed language recognition and animation technologies as important steps to support L2 signed language assessment. The authors also propose directions for future technological developments in both spoken language and signed language assessment. This chapter is a joint discussion of key items related to the use of new technologies in signed and spoken language assessment that were discussed in Chapters 12.1 and 12.2.

Morphological structure governs the process of accessing grammatical gender in the course of production

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Dank ◽  
Avital Deutsch
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Access ◽  
Congruency Effect ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Naming Latency ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Gender Information ◽  
Bare Nouns ◽  
Organizational Principles ◽  
Gender Congruency Effect ◽  
Syntactic Context

The present study investigated the process of accessing gender information when producing inanimate nouns in Hebrew. The Picture Word Interference paradigm was used to manipulate gender congruency between target pictures and spoken distractors. Naming latency and accuracy were measured. The gender congruency effect has been tested in various Indo-European languages, with mixed results. It seems to depend on both language-specific attributes and the syntactic context of the utterance. Speakers’ insensitivity to gender congruency was observed at 3 SOAs (Experiment 1a–1c). Neither the production of bare nouns (Experiments 1 & 3) nor gender-marked NPs (Experiment 2) elicited the effect. Nevertheless, the same procedure and targets revealed a semantic effect. The present findings in Hebrew deviate from previous results obtained with Indo-European languages. The results are discussed in connection with Hebrew’s nonconcatenative morphological features and the way linguistic characteristics govern the organizational principles of the mental lexicon and lexical access.

scholarly journals The gender congruency effect during bilingual spoken-word recognition

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS MORALES ◽  
DANIELA PAOLIERI ◽  
PAOLA E. DUSSIAS ◽  
JORGE R. VALDÉS KROFF ◽  
CHIP GERFEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Congruency Effect ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Definite Article ◽  
Language Activation ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
Gender Congruency Effect

We investigate the ‘gender-congruency’ effect during a spoken-word recognition task using the visual world paradigm. Eye movements of Italian–Spanish bilinguals and Spanish monolinguals were monitored while they viewed a pair of objects on a computer screen. Participants listened to instructions in Spanish (encuentra la bufanda / ‘find the scarf’) and clicked on the object named in the instruction. Grammatical gender of the objects’ name was manipulated so that pairs of objects had the same (congruent) or different (incongruent) gender in Italian, but gender in Spanish was always congruent. Results showed that bilinguals, but not monolinguals, looked at target objects less when they were incongruent in gender, suggesting a between-language gender competition effect. In addition, bilinguals looked at target objects more when the definite article in the spoken instructions provided a valid cue to anticipate its selection (different-gender condition). The temporal dynamics of gender processing and cross-language activation in bilinguals are discussed.

Gender congruency effects in Russian–Spanish and Italian–Spanish bilinguals: The role of language proximity and concreteness of words

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIELA PAOLIERI ◽  
FRANCISCA PADILLA ◽  
OLGA KORENEVA ◽  
LUIS MORALES ◽  
PEDRO MACIZO
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Gender Information ◽  
Abstract Nouns ◽  
Concrete Nouns ◽  
Abstract Words ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gender Congruency Effect ◽  
Spanish Bilinguals

Previous studies have shown that bilinguals perform a production task faster when the item is gender-congruent across their two languages than when it is not. The current study aimed to explore three factors that might modulate this effect: the similarity of the gender systems, the need to retrieve grammatical gender to perform the task, and the role of a semantic variable (concreteness) in the processing of gender information. In Experiment 1, Russian–Spanish bilinguals showed gender-congruency effects whether they translated concrete nouns in isolation or in noun-phrases. In contrast, the effect was restricted to noun phrases when they translated abstract words. In Experiment 2, Italian–Spanish bilinguals showed the gender-congruency effect regardless of the translation task. However, the effect was larger with concrete nouns in comparison with abstract nouns. These results are discussed in terms of the proximity of bilingual gender systems and the relationship between semantics and gender.

Language use affects proficiency in Italian–Spanish bilinguals irrespective of age of second language acquisition

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABRIZIO DE CARLI ◽  
BARBARA DESSI ◽  
MANUELA MARIANI ◽  
NICOLA GIRTLER ◽  
ALBERTO GRECO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Language Practice ◽  
Spanish Bilinguals

The role of age of acquisition (AoA) in reaching native-like proficiency in second language is controversial. The existence of a critical period and the effect of AoA have been questioned by studies testing lexical and/or morphosyntactic skills, and by functional brain exploration. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of AoA and language practice on proficiency in a bilingual pragmatic task and its relationship with cognitive skills. The study involved a group of Italian–Spanish bilinguals, classified according to their AoA and language use. All participants performed a pragmatic bilingual test and a battery of cognitive tests. A multivariate analysis showed significant effects of language use and cognitive skills and a non-significant effect of AoA. These results indicate that continued language practice is a major factor influencing high bilingual proficiency, irrespective of AoA, suggesting that proficiency may be weakened when bilingual experience becomes occasional or ceases.

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