Trip frequency is key ingredient in new law of human travel

Nature ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 593 (7860) ◽  
pp. 515-516
Author(s):  
Laura Alessandretti ◽  
Sune Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Trip Frequency

Environmental Demands Associated With Community Mobility in Older Adults With and Without Mobility Disabilities

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 670-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Shumway-Cook ◽  
Aftab E Patla ◽  
Anita Stewart ◽  
Luigi Ferrucci ◽  
Marcia A Ciol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Mobility Disability ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Mobility Function ◽  
Community Mobility ◽  
Trip Frequency

Abstract Background and Purpose. In this study, the influence of 8 dimensions of the physical environment on mobility in older adults with and without mobility disability was measured. This was done in order to identify environmental factors that contribute to mobility disability. Subjects. Subjects were 36 older adults (≥70 years of age) who were recruited from 2 geographic sites (Seattle, Wash, and Waterloo, Ontario, Canada) and were grouped according to level of mobility function (physically able [ability to walk ½ mile (0.8 km) or climb stairs without assistance], physically disabled). Methods. Subjects were observed and videotaped during 3 trips into the community (trip to grocery store, physician visit, recreational trip). Frequency of encounters with environmental features within each of the 8 dimensions was recorded. Differences in baseline characteristics and environmental encounters were analyzed using an analysis of variance or the Fisher exact test, as appropriate. Results. Mobility disability among older adults was not associated with a uniform decrease in encounters with environmental challenges across all dimensions. Environmental dimensions that differed between subjects who were physically able and those with physical disability included temporal factors, physical load, terrain, and postural transition. Dimensions that were not different included distance, density, ambient conditions (eg, light levels and weather conditions), and attentional demands. Discussion and Conclusion. Understanding the relationship of the environment to mobility is crucial to both prevention and rehabilitation of mobility disability in older adults. Among older adults, certain dimensions of the environment may disable community mobility more than others.

Accessibility and Intraurban Travel

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 735-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Hanson ◽  
M Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Activity Spaces ◽  
Household Travel Survey ◽  
Trip Frequency ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Household Travel ◽  
Automobile Use ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Travel Distances

This paper contains an examination of the fundamental assumption underlying the use of accessibility indicators: that an individual's travel behavior is related to his or her location vis-à-vis the distribution of potential activity sites. First, the conceptual and measurement issues surrounding accessibility and its relationship to travel are reviewed; then, an access measure for individuals is formulated. Using data from the Uppsala (Sweden) Household Travel Survey and controlling for sex, automobile availability, and employment status, the authors explore the relationship between both home- and work-based accessibility and five aspects of an individual's travel: mode use, trip frequencies and travel distances for discretionary purposes, trip complexity, travel in conjunction with the journey to work, and size of the activity space. From the results it can be seen that although all of these travel characteristics are related to accessibility to some degree, the travel–accessibility relationship is not as strong as deductive formulations have implied. High accessibility levels are associated with higher proportions of travel by nonmotorized means, lower levels of automobile use, reduced travel distances for certain discretionary trip purposes, and smaller individual activity spaces. Furthermore, the density of activity sites around the workplace affects the distances travelled by employed people for discretionary purposes. Overall, accessibility level has a greater impact on mode use and travel distance than it does on discretionary trip frequency. This result was unexpected in light of the strong trip frequency–accessibility relationship posited frequently in the literature.

Estimating Trip Generation of Elderly and Disabled People

2005 ◽  
Vol 1924 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Dirk Schmöcker ◽  
Mohammed A. Quddus ◽  
Robert B. Noland ◽  
Michael G. H. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variable ◽  
Household Structure ◽  
Car Ownership ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
Trip Frequency ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Daily Trip ◽  
Difficulty Walking

The aging of populations has implications for trip-making behavior and the demand for special transport services. The London Area Travel Survey 2001 is analyzed to establish the trip-making characteristics of elderly and disabled people. Ordinal probit models are fitted for all trips and for trips by four purposes (work, shopping, personal business, and recreational), with daily trip frequency as the latent variable. A log-linear model is used to analyze trip length. A distinction must be made between young disabled, younger elderly, and older elderly people. Retired people initially tend to make more trips, but as they become older and disabilities intervene, trip making tails off. Household structure, income, car ownership, possession of a driver's license, difficulty walking, and other disabilities are found to affect trip frequency and length to a greater or lesser extent.

Cross-State Comparison of Income and Vehicle-Ownership Effects on Household Mobility

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (11) ◽  
pp. 813-826
Author(s):  
Yi-Shih Chung ◽  
Chi-Hung Wu
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
High Income ◽  
Vehicle Ownership ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Household Mobility ◽  
Transit Services ◽  
Trip Frequency ◽  
Small Sample Sizes

The study investigated the effects of income and vehicle ownership on household mobility (measured as trip frequency, miles traveled, and transit use) across states on the basis of the 2017 National Household Travel Survey. Bayesian multilevel (or random-effect) regression models were developed to include state-policy variables and overcome the concern of small sample sizes in some household strata. The analysis results indicated that household income levels were positively associated with vehicle ownership and mobility; however, extremely high-income households were not necessarily more likely than high-income households to own more vehicles. Owning at least one vehicle was the norm for most households, except under two conditions: when the household income was extremely low or when the state transit level of service (LOS) was high. Moreover, states with a high transit LOS exhibited similar household mobility as long as households had similar income levels and vehicle ownership rates; by contrast, household mobility in states with a low transit LOS was relatively varied. Fully equipped (at least one vehicle per driver) and car-light households (having more drivers than vehicles) exhibited a similar trip frequency number; however, the vehicle miles traveled of car-light households were significantly shorter, especially in states with a high transit LOS. These results suggest that the mobility benefits of being fully equipped are more limited than we had anticipated. Transit services can affect household vehicle ownership and mobility only when being provided above a certain LOS.

Examining millennials’ online gambling behavior: a comparison of generational differences

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunju Suh ◽  
Matt Alhaery ◽  
Brett Abarbanel ◽  
Andrew McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Individual Player ◽  
Generational Groups ◽  
Trip Frequency ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gambling Market

Purpose This study aims to examine Millennials and generational differences in online gambling activity by comparing online gambling behavior across four different generations: Silent Generation, Baby Boomers, Gen Xers and Millennials. Design/methodology/approach The sample comprised tracked gambling data at the individual player level provided by an online casino accepting real money wagers in a major US gambling market. Attributes of gambling behavior were examined and compared across different generations using Kruskal–Wallis test and pairwise comparisons. Findings Generational differences were observed in 13 of the 16 behavioral variables. Millennials spent the least amount of time on gambling and exhibited the lowest scores on the number of days for slot gambling, trip length and trip frequency among all generations. However, their average table gaming volume per play day was greater than those of other generations. Practical implications The results of this study provide a better understanding of the generational differences in online gambling behavior. They also help casino operators and gaming machine manufacturers develop casino games and products that can appeal to different generational groups in the online gambling market. Originality/value Despite the on-going industry discussion about Millennials and their potential influence on the online gambling market, there appears to be a paucity of empirical research on the online gambling behavior of the Millennial generation. This study fills that gap in empirical evidence, addressing generational differences in online gambling.

Behavioral Response to Stock Abundance in Exploiting Common-Pool Resources

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Common Pool Resources ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Common Pool ◽  
Trip Frequency ◽  
Stock Abundance

Abstract Successful regulation of common-pool resources calls for a better understanding of resource exploitation behavior. This paper introduces an approach that can measure fishermen's responsiveness to stock changes more accurately. In order to deal with the challenge of the latent fish stock, I adopt the method proposed by Zhang and Smith (2011) that derives a stock index from a heterogeneous production function. I use the imputed stock proxy in a count data model that describes fishing trip frequency. By these two steps, I can estimate the stock elasticity of fishing mortality. In the empirical study of the reef-fish fishery in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico, I find that the popular method that uses catch rate as a stock proxy significantly underestimates fishermen's responses to stock changes. This result suggests that policy predictions based on the traditional method are overly optimistic.

scholarly journals What Factors Affect Commuters’ Utility of Choosing Mobility as a Service? An Empirical Evidence from Seoul

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9324
Author(s):  
Sujae Kim ◽  
Sangho Choo ◽  
Sungtaek Choi ◽  
Hyangsook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Latent Class Model ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Travel Demand Management ◽  
Trip Frequency

Mobility as a Service (MaaS), which integrates public and shared transportation into a single service, is drawing attention as a travel demand management strategy aimed at reducing automobile dependency and encouraging public transit. In particular, there have been few studies that recognize traffic congestion during peak hours and identify related factors for practical application. The purpose of this study is to explore what factors affect Seoul commuters’ mode choice including MaaS. A web-based survey that 161 commuters participated in was conducted to collect information about personal, household, and travel attributes, together with their mode preference for MaaS. A latent class model was developed to classify unobserved latent groups based on trip frequency by means and to identify factors influencing mode-specific utilities (in particular, MaaS service) for each class. The result shows that latent classes are divided into two groups (public transit-oriented commuters and balanced mode commuters). Most variables have significant impacts on choice for MaaS. The coefficient of MaaS choice of Class 1 and Class 2 were different. These findings suggest there is a difference between the classes according to trip frequency by means as an influencing factor in MaaS choice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document