Selenium status and cardiovascular diseases: meta-analysis of prospective observational studies and randomized controlled trials

• Objective To systematically review the randomized trials, observational studies, and survey evidence on compression and pneumatic devices for thromboprophylaxis in intensive care patients. • Methods Published studies on the use of compression and pneumatic devices in intensive care patients were assessed. A meta-analysis was conducted by using the randomized controlled trials. • Results A total of 21 relevant studies (5 randomized controlled trials, 13 observational studies, and 3 surveys) were found. A total of 811 patients were randomized in the 5 randomized controlled trials; 3421 patients participated in the observational studies. Trauma patients only were enrolled in 4 randomized controlled trials and 4 observational studies. Meta-analysis of 2 randomized controlled trials with similar populations and outcomes revealed that use of compression and pneumatic devices did not reduce the incidence of venous thromboembolism. The pooled risk ratio was 2.37, indicative of favoring the control over the intervention in reducing the deep venous thrombosis; however, the 95% CI of 0.57 to 9.90 indicated no significant differences between the intervention and the control. A range of methodological issues, including bias and confounding variables, make meaningful interpretation of the observational studies difficult. • Conclusions The limited evidence suggests that use of compressive and pneumatic devices yields results not significantly different from results obtained with no treatment or use of low-molecular-weight heparin. Until large randomized controlled trials are conducted, the role of mechanical approaches to thromboprophylaxis for intensive care patients remains uncertain.

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Dietary saturated fat and heart disease: a narrative review

Nutrition Reviews ◽

10.1093/nutrit/nuz091 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 78 (6) ◽

pp. 474-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jeffery L Heileson

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Heart Association ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Disease Outcomes ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract The American Heart Association (AHA) recently published a meta-analysis that confirmed their 60-year-old recommendation to limit saturated fat (SFA, saturated fatty acid) and replace it with polyunsaturated fat to reduce the risk of heart disease based on the strength of 4 Core Trials. To assess the evidence for this recommendation, meta-analyses on the effect of SFA consumption on heart disease outcomes were reviewed. Nineteen meta-analyses addressing this topic were identified: 9 observational studies and 10 randomized controlled trials. Meta-analyses of observational studies found no association between SFA intake and heart disease, while meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials were inconsistent but tended to show a lack of an association. The inconsistency seems to have been mediated by the differing clinical trials included. For example, the AHA meta-analysis only included 4 trials (the Core Trials), and those trials contained design and methodological flaws and did not meet all the predefined inclusion criteria. The AHA stance regarding the strength of the evidence for the recommendation to limit SFAs for heart disease prevention may be overstated and in need of reevaluation.

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Evidence of heterogeneity in statin-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus risk: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/j.diabres.2019.04.005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 151 ◽

pp. 96-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joseph C. Engeda ◽

Ashlyn Stackhouse ◽

Mary White ◽

Wayne D. Rosamond ◽

Stefan K. Lhachimi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Risk

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Does a balanced transfusion ratio of plasma to packed red blood cells improve outcomes in both trauma and surgical patients? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies

The American Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.08.045 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 216 (2) ◽

pp. 342-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mohamed Rahouma ◽

Mohamed Kamel ◽

Diana Jodeh ◽

Thomas Kelley ◽

Lucas B. Ohmes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Red Blood Cells ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Surgical Patients ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Packed Red Blood Cells ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Transfusion Ratio

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Allopurinol therapy improves vascular endothelial function in subjects at risk for cardiovascular diseases: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cardiovascular Therapeutics ◽

10.1111/1755-5922.12215 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 441-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Wei Xin ◽

Shuhua Mi ◽

Zhiqin Lin

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Vascular Endothelial Function ◽

Randomized Controlled

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Selenium and the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies and randomized controlled trials

10.21203/rs.3.rs-358602/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hualei Sun ◽

Shao Rong Long ◽

Gaiyun Chen ◽

Yajuan Wang ◽

Rui Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Serum Selenium ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Significant Inverse Association ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

All Cause Mortality

Abstract BackgroundThis meta-analysis of prospective observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was carried out to explore the association between selenium and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality.Methods and Study DesignWe searched the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science database for eligible studies which included the relationship between selenium and the outcomes of interest. 25 prospective observational studies and 9 RCTs were included in our meta-analysis.ResultsThe observational studies showed that there was a significant inverse association between serum selenium and the risk of CVD (RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.68–0.89), coronary heart disease (CHD) (RR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.58–0.95) and all-cause mortality (RR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.71–0.84). We also found a significant inverse association between selenium supplements and the risk of total CVD (RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62–0.98) and all-cause mortality (RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.65-1.00) in RCTs studies.ConclusionsOur meta-analysis found a significant inverse association between selenium and CVD, CHD, and all-cause mortality in prospective observational studies and RCTs, which indicate the selenium has protective effect in cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.

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