A helping hand from neutrophils in T cell–independent antibody responses?

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart G Tangye ◽  
Robert Brink
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antibody Responses

scholarly journals Marburg virus survivor immune responses are Th1 skewed with limited neutralizing antibody responses

2017 ◽  
Vol 214 (9) ◽  
pp. 2563-2572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer W. Stonier ◽  
Andrew S. Herbert ◽  
Ana I. Kuehne ◽  
Ariel Sobarzo ◽  
Polina Habibulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Marburg Virus ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Responses

Until recently, immune responses in filovirus survivors remained poorly understood. Early studies revealed IgM and IgG responses to infection with various filoviruses, but recent outbreaks have greatly expanded our understanding of filovirus immune responses. Immune responses in survivors of Ebola virus (EBOV) and Sudan virus (SUDV) infections have provided the most insight, with T cell responses as well as detailed antibody responses having been characterized. Immune responses to Marburg virus (MARV), however, remain almost entirely uncharacterized. We report that immune responses in MARV survivors share characteristics with EBOV and SUDV infections but have some distinct differences. MARV survivors developed multivariate CD4+ T cell responses but limited CD8+ T cell responses, more in keeping with SUDV survivors than EBOV survivors. In stark contrast to SUDV survivors, rare neutralizing antibody responses in MARV survivors diminished rapidly after the outbreak. These results warrant serious consideration for any vaccine or therapeutic that seeks to be broadly protective, as different filoviruses may require different immune responses to achieve immunity.

Induction of antigen-specific antibody responses by nonspecific T cell-derived helper factors

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Grusby ◽  
Susan K. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Antibody Responses

scholarly journals T-cell subset differentiation and antibody responses following antiretroviral therapy during simian immunodeficiency virus infection

Immunology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-466
Author(s):  
Mitra Bhattacharyya ◽  
James B. Whitney ◽  
Michael Seaman ◽  
Dan H. Barouch ◽  
Pablo Penaloza-MacMaster
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
T Cell Subset ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

T-cell and antibody responses to phospholipase A2 from different species show distinct cross-reactivity patterns

Allergy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 1513-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Sin ◽  
M. Akdis ◽  
J. Zumkehr ◽  
S. Bezzine ◽  
C. Bekpen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Antibody Responses

scholarly journals Mice Deficient in OX40 and CD30 Signals Lack Memory Antibody Responses because of Deficient CD4 T Cell Memory

2005 ◽  
Vol 174 (7) ◽  
pp. 3891-3896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrina M. C. Gaspal ◽  
Mi-Yeon Kim ◽  
Fiona M. McConnell ◽  
Chandra Raykundalia ◽  
Vasilios Bekiaris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Memory ◽  
Cell Memory

scholarly journals T-Cell and Antibody Responses to Mycobacterial Antigens in Tuberculin Skin-Test-PositiveBos indicusandBos taurusCattle in Ethiopia

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gobena Ameni ◽  
Paul Cockle ◽  
Konstantin Lyashchenko ◽  
Martin Vordermeier
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Antigen Recognition ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Mycobacterial Antigen ◽  
Multiple Antigen ◽  
Mycobacterial Antigens

Higher IFN-γresponses to mycobacterial antigens were observed inBos taurus(Holsteins) than inBos indicus(Zebu) cattle which could due to differences in antigen recognition profiles between the two breeds. The present study was conducted to evaluate mycobacterial antigen recognition profiles of the two breeds. Twenty-three mycobacterial antigens were tested on 46 skin test positive (24 Zebu and 22 Holstein) using enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) and multiple antigen print immunoassay (MAPIA). Herds from which the study cattle obtained were tested for Fasciola antibody. The T cells from both breeds recognized most of the mycobacterial antigens at lower and comparable frequencies. However, antigens such as CFP-10, ESAT-6, Rv0287, Rv0288, MPB87, Acr-2, Rv3616c, and Rv3879c were recognized at higher frequencies in zebu while higher frequencies of T cell responses were observed to Hsp65 in both breeds. Furthermore, comparable antibody responses were observed in both breeds; MPB83 being the sero-dominant antigen in both breeds. The prevalence of Fasciola antibody was 81% and similar in both breeds. This piece of work could not lead to a definitive conclusion if there are differences in mycobacterial recognition profiles between the two breeds warranting for further similar studies using sound sample size from the two breeds.

scholarly journals Antiviral Protection and Germinal Center Formation, But Impaired B Cell Memory in the Absence of CD19

1998 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Fehr ◽  
Robert C. Rickert ◽  
Bernhard Odermatt ◽  
Jürgen Roes ◽  
Klaus Rajewsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
B Cell Activation ◽  
Protein Antigens ◽  
Cell Memory ◽  
B Cell Memory

Coligation of CD19, a molecule expressed during all stages of B cell development except plasmacytes, lowers the threshold for B cell activation with anti-IgM by a factor of 100. The cytoplasmic tail of CD19 contains nine tyrosine residues as possible phosphorylation sites and is postulated to function as the signal transducing element for complement receptor (CR)2. Generation and analysis of CD19 gene–targeted mice revealed that T cell–dependent (TD) antibody responses to proteinaceous antigens were impaired, whereas those to T cell–independent (TI) type 2 antigens were normal or even augmented. These results are compatible with earlier complement depletion studies and the postulated function of CD19. To analyze the role of CD19 in antiviral antibody responses, we immunized CD19−/− mice with viral antigens of TI-1, TI-2, and TD type. The effect of CD19 on TI responses was more dependent on antigen dose and replicative capacity than on antigen type. CR blocking experiments confirmed the role of CD19 as B cell signal transducer for complement. In contrast to immunization with protein antigens, infection of CD19−/− mice with replicating virus led to generation of specific germinal centers, which persisted for >100 d, whereas maintenance of memory antibody titers as well as circulating memory B cells was fully dependent on CD19. Thus, our study confirms a costimulatory role of CD19 on B cells under limiting antigen conditions and indicates an important role for B cell memory.

scholarly journals In vivo analysis of replication and immunogenicity of proviral clones of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 with selective envelope surface-unit mutations

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (10) ◽  
pp. 3602-3608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee R. Silverman ◽  
Andrew J. Phipps ◽  
Andy Montgomery ◽  
Soledad Fernandez ◽  
Tomonori Tsukahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Envelope Gene ◽  
Cell Leukemia Virus Type ◽  
Surface Unit ◽  
Human T Cell

AbstractHuman T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATL). The HTLV-1 envelope gene exhibits limited variability when examined from infected individuals, but has not been tested using infectious clones of the virus in animal models. In vitro assays indicate that HTLV-1 envelope (Env) Ser75Ile, Asn95Asp, and Asn195Asp surface unit (SU) mutants are able to replicate in and immortalize lymphocytes. Herein, we examined the effects of these Env mutants in rabbits inoculated with HTLV-1 immortalized ACH.75, ACH.95, or ACH.195 cell lines (expressing full-length molecular clones with the SU mutations) or the ACH.1 cell line (expressing wild-type SU). All rabbits became infected, and the fidelity of the mutations was maintained throughout the 8-week study. However, SU point mutations resulted in decreased antibody responses to viral group-associated antigen (Gag) and Env antigens. ACH.195 rabbits had a selective decreased antibody response to SU, and one ACH.195 rabbit had an antibody response to both HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 SUs. Some mutant inoculation groups had altered proviral loads. However, peripheral-blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proviral loads did not correlate with antibody responses. Our data are the first to demonstrate that mutations in critical determinants of HTLV-1 Env SU altered antibody responses and proviral loads, but do not prevent viral replication in vivo.

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