Regulatory T cells are key cerebroprotective immunomodulators in acute experimental stroke

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Liesz ◽  
Elisabeth Suri-Payer ◽  
Claudia Veltkamp ◽  
Henrike Doerr ◽  
Clemens Sommer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Experimental Stroke

scholarly journals CD28 Superagonist-Mediated Boost of Regulatory T Cells Increases Thrombo-Inflammation and Ischemic Neurodegeneration during the Acute Phase of Experimental Stroke

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K Schuhmann ◽  
Peter Kraft ◽  
Guido Stoll ◽  
Kristina Lorenz ◽  
Sven G Meuth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Inflammatory Lesion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Experimental Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

While the detrimental role of non-regulatory T cells in ischemic stroke is meanwhile unequivocally recognized, there are controversies about the properties of regulatory T cells (Treg). The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of Treg by applying superagonistic anti-CD28 antibody expansion of Treg. Stroke outcome, thrombus formation, and brain-infiltrating cells were determined on day 1 after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Antibody-mediated expansion of Treg enhanced stroke size and worsened functional outcome. Mechanistically, Treg increased thrombus formation in the cerebral microvasculature. These findings confirm that Treg promote thrombo-inflammatory lesion growth during the acute stage of ischemic stroke.

Coming to the Rescue: Regulatory T Cells for Promoting Recovery After Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueman Zhang ◽  
Arthur Liesz ◽  
Peiying Li
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Lesion ◽  
Experimental Stroke ◽  
Immune Cell Population ◽  
Neuroinflammatory Response ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Injured Brain

Immune cell infiltration to the injured brain is a key component of the neuroinflammatory response after ischemic stroke. In contrast to the large amount of proinflammatory immune cells, regulatory T cells, are an important subgroup of T cells that are involved in maintaining immune homeostasis and suppress an overshooting immune reaction after stroke. Numerous previous reports have consistently demonstrated the beneficial role of this immunosuppressive immune cell population during the acute phase after experimental stroke by limiting inflammatory lesion progression. Two recent studies expanded now this concept and demonstrate that regulatory T cells-mediated effects also promote chronic recovery after stroke by promoting a proregenerative tissue environment. These recent findings suggest that boosting regulatory T cells could be beneficial beyond modulating the immediate neuroinflammatory response and improve chronic functional recovery.

scholarly journals Splenic Atrophy in Experimental Stroke Is Accompanied by Increased Regulatory T Cells and Circulating Macrophages

2006 ◽  
Vol 176 (11) ◽  
pp. 6523-6531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Offner ◽  
Sandhya Subramanian ◽  
Susan M. Parker ◽  
Chunhe Wang ◽  
Michael E. Afentoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Experimental Stroke ◽  
Splenic Atrophy

scholarly journals Regulatory T-cells within bone marrow-derived stem cells actively confer immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects against stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1750-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot G Neal ◽  
Sandra A Acosta ◽  
Yuji Kaneko ◽  
Xunming Ji ◽  
Cesario V Borlongan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Experimental Stroke ◽  
Minority Population

Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) may exert a neuroprotective effect on ischemic stroke by inhibiting both inflammation and effector T-cell activation. Transplantation of human bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) in ischemic stroke affords neuroprotection that results in part from the cells’ anti-inflammatory property. However, the relationship between Tregs and BMSCs in treatment of ischemic stroke has not been fully elucidated. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Tregs within the BMSCs represent active mediators of immunomodulation and neuroprotection in experimental stroke. Primary rat neuronal cells were subjected to an oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) condition. The cells were re-perfused and co-cultured with Tregs and/or BMSCs. We detected a minority population of Tregs within BMSCs with both immunocytochemistry (ICC) and flow cytometry identifying cells expressing phenotypic markers of CD4, CD25, and FoxP3 protein. BMSCs with the native population of Tregs conferred maximal neuroprotection compared to the treatment conditions containing 0%, 10%, and 100% relative ratio Tregs. Increasing the Treg population resulted in increased IL6 secretion and decreased FGF-β secretion by BMSCs. This study shows that a minority population of Tregs exists within the therapeutic BMSC population, which serves as robust mediators of the immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effect provided by BMSC transplantation.

scholarly journals Reduced Numbers and Impaired Function of Regulatory T Cells in Peripheral Blood of Ischemic Stroke Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Ruhnau ◽  
Juliane Schulze ◽  
Bettina von Sarnowski ◽  
Marie Heinrich ◽  
Sönke Langner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Experimental Stroke ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
T Effector Cells ◽  
Treg Function ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
And Function

Background and Purpose. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been suggested to modulate stroke-induced immune responses. However, analyses of Tregs in patients and in experimental stroke have yielded contradictory findings. We performed the current study to assess the regulation and function of Tregs in peripheral blood of stroke patients. Age dependent expression of CD39 on Tregs was quantified in mice and men. Methods. Total FoxP3+ Tregs and CD39+FoxP3+ Tregs were quantified by flow cytometry in controls and stroke patients on admission and on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 thereafter. Treg function was assessed by quantifying the inhibition of activation-induced expression of CD69 and CD154 on T effector cells (Teffs). Results. Total Tregs accounted for 5.0% of CD4+ T cells in controls and <2.8% in stroke patients on admission. They remained below control values until day 7. CD39+ Tregs were most strongly reduced in stroke patients. On day 3 the Treg-mediated inhibition of CD154 upregulation on CD4+ Teff was impaired in stroke patients. CD39 expression on Treg increased with age in peripheral blood of mice and men. Conclusion. We demonstrate a loss of active FoxP3+CD39+ Tregs from stroke patient’s peripheral blood. The suppressive Treg function of remaining Tregs is impaired after stroke.

Quantification and phenotype of regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis according to Disease Activity Score-28

Autoimmunity ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Jose Miguel Sempere-Ortells ◽  
Vicente Perez-Garcia ◽  
Gema Marin-Alberca ◽  
Alejandra Peris-Pertusa ◽  
Jose Miguel Benito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Disease Activity Score ◽  
Activity Score
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