Free‐Choice and No‐Choice High‐Fat Diets Affect Striatal Dopamine D 2/3 Receptor Availability, Caloric Intake, and Adiposity

Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1738-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsmarieke Giessen ◽  
Susanne E. Fleur ◽  
Kora Bruin ◽  
Wim Brink ◽  
Jan Booij
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Striatal Dopamine ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Determinants of high-fat diet hyperphagia: experimental dissection of orosensory and postingestive effects

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (1) ◽  
pp. R30-R37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. S. Warwick ◽  
H. P. Weingarten
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sham Feeding ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

High-fat diets often promote greater caloric intake and/or weight gain than high-carbohydrate diets in both laboratory animals and humans. Because altering the fat content of a diet simultaneously changes both its sensory properties and postingestive effects, it is unclear whether high-fat hyperphagia is due to the diet's palatability, its postingestive effects, or both. The present studies isolated the independent capacity of the orosensory and postingestive effects of a liquid high-fat diet (High-Fat) to produce overeating relative to an isocaloric liquid high-carbohydrate (High-CHO) diet. Rats fed High-Fat orally ate more calories and gained more weight over 16 days than rats fed High-CHO orally. One-bottle sham-feeding intake of High-Fat and High-CHO did not differ, but in two-bottle sham-feeding tests High-Fat was clearly preferred. When orosensory influences on intake were equated via chronic self-regulated intragastric feeding, High-Fat still promoted greater intake than High-CHO, although absolute intake across both diets was lower during intragastric feeding relative to oral feeding. An analysis of short-term intake revealed that rats accustomed to infusion of High-CHO increased meal size immediately when switched to High-Fat. The present results, coupled with previous findings, suggest that the postingestive effects of fat enhance daily caloric intake in two ways: 1) during a meal, fat produces less suppression of intake per calorie than carbohydrate; and 2) after a meal, fat produces less suppression of intake per calorie during the intermeal interval than carbohydrate.

Effects of high-fat diets with different carbohydrate-to-protein ratios on energy homeostasis in rats with impaired brain melanocortin receptor activity

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (1) ◽  
pp. R156-R163 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Morens ◽  
M. Keijzer ◽  
K. de Vries ◽  
A. Scheurink ◽  
G. van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Melanocortin Receptor ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Macronutrient Composition ◽  
Plasma Adiponectin ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Glucose Tolerant ◽  
Fat Diets

Changes in dietary macronutrient composition and/or central nervous system neuronal activity can underlie obesity and disturbed fuel homeostasis. We examined whether switching rats from a diet with high carbohydrate content (HC; i.e., regular chow) to diets with either high fat (HF) or high fat/high protein content at the expense of carbohydrates (LC-HF-HP) causes differential effects on body weight and glucose homeostasis that depend on the integrity of brain melanocortin (MC) signaling. In vehicle-treated rats, switching from HC to either HF or LC-HF-HP feeding caused similar reductions in food intake without alterations in body weight. A reduced caloric intake (−16% in HF and LC-HF-HP groups) required to maintain or increase body weight underlay these effects. Chronic third cerebroventricular infusion of the MC receptor antagonist SHU9119 (0.5 nmol/day) produced obesity and hyperphagia with an increased food efficiency again observed during HF (+19%) and LC-HF-HP (+33%) feeding. In this case, however, HF feeding exaggerated SHU9119-induced hyperphagia and weight gain relative to HC and LC-HF-HP feeding. Relative to vehicle-treated controls, SHU9119 treatment increased plasma insulin (2.8–4 fold), leptin (7.7–15 fold), and adiponectin levels (2.4–3.7 fold), but diet effects were only observed on plasma adiponectin (HC and LC-HF-HP<HF). Finally, SHU9119-treated LC-HF-HP-fed rats were less glucose tolerant than others. Relatively low plasma adiponectin levels likely contributed to this effect. Thus HF feeding amplifies obesity induced by impaired MC signaling, provided that the carbohydrate-to-protein (C/P) ratio is high enough. Reduction of the C/P ratio within a HF diet ameliorates hyperphagia and obesity in rats with impaired MC signaling but aggravates associated disturbances in fuel homeostasis.

scholarly journals Why Do Mice Overeat High-Fat Diets? How High-Fat Diet Alters the Regulation of Daily Caloric Intake in Mice

Obesity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1026-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia A. Licholai ◽  
Katrina P. Nguyen ◽  
Wambura C. Fobbs ◽  
Corbin J. Schuster ◽  
Mohamed A. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Daily Caloric Intake ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Correlation between Triglycerides and Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase in Men on High-Fat Diets

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard J Katchman ◽  
Robert E Zipf
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Abstract Of eight young men on high-fat diets (60% of caloric intake) for 42 days, four developed serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase concentrations greater than normal, while lactic dehydrogenase, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, and alkaline and acid phosphatases were within the normal range. Serum triglyceride levels were also within the normal range, but significant correlations between serum triglycerides and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase levels were found in six of the eight subjects; the mean values for all eight subjects showed a correlation significant at the 99% level of confidence. SGPT levels may be of fundamental significance along with blood triglycerides in the evaluation of fatty livers and coronary artery disease.

Non-Fasting Factor VII Coagulant Activity (FVII:C) Increased by High-Fat Diet

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (06) ◽  
pp. 755-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Bladbjerg ◽  
P Marckmann ◽  
B Sandström ◽  
J Jespersen
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Amidolytic Activity ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

SummaryPreliminary observations have suggested that non-fasting factor VII coagulant activity (FVII:C) may be related to the dietary fat content. To confirm this, we performed a randomised cross-over study. Seventeen young volunteers were served 2 controlled isoenergetic diets differing in fat content (20% or 50% of energy). The 2 diets were served on 2 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected at 8.00 h, 16.30 h and 19.30 h, and analysed for triglycerides, FVII coagulant activity using human (FVII:C) or bovine thromboplastin (FVII:Bt), and FVII amidolytic activity (FVIPAm). The ratio FVII:Bt/FVII:Am (a measure of FVII activation) increased from fasting levels on both diets, but most markedly on the high-fat diet. In contrast, FVII: Am (a measure of FVII protein) tended to decrease from fasting levels on both diets. FVII:C rose from fasting levels on the high-fat diet, but not on the low-fat diet. The findings suggest that high-fat diets increase non-fasting FVII:C, and consequently may be associated with increased risk of thrombosis.

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