scholarly journals Histidine kinase MHZ1/OsHK1 interacts with ethylene receptors to regulate root growth in rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
He Zhao ◽  
Kai-Xuan Duan ◽  
Biao Ma ◽  
Cui-Cui Yin ◽  
Yang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Histidine Kinase ◽  
Ethylene Receptors

scholarly journals Histidine Kinase Homologs That Act as Cytokinin Receptors Possess Overlapping Functions in the Regulation of Shoot and Root Growth in Arabidopsis

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1365-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chika Nishimura ◽  
Yoshi Ohashi ◽  
Shusei Sato ◽  
Tomohiko Kato ◽  
Satoshi Tabata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Histidine Kinase ◽  
Cytokinin Receptors ◽  
Shoot And Root Growth

scholarly journals Mechanism and function of root circumnutation

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. e2018940118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaiah Taylor ◽  
Kevin Lehner ◽  
Erin McCaskey ◽  
Niba Nirmal ◽  
Yasemin Ozkan-Aydin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Histidine Kinase ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Hormone Signaling ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Functional Importance ◽  
And Function ◽  
Auxin Influx Carrier

Early root growth is critical for plant establishment and survival. We have identified a molecular pathway required for helical root tip movement known as circumnutation. Here, we report a multiscale investigation of the regulation and function of this phenomenon. We identify key cell signaling events comprising interaction of the ethylene, cytokinin, and auxin hormone signaling pathways. We identify the gene Oryza sativa histidine kinase-1 (HK1) as well as the auxin influx carrier gene OsAUX1 as essential regulators of this process in rice. Robophysical modeling and growth challenge experiments indicate circumnutation is critical for seedling establishment in rocky soil, consistent with the long-standing hypothesis that root circumnutation facilitates growth past obstacles. Thus, the integration of robotics, physics, and biology has elucidated the functional importance of root circumnutation and uncovered the molecular mechanisms underlying its regulation.

scholarly journals AHK5 mediates ETR1-initiated multistep phosphorelay in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Szmitkowska ◽  
Abigail Rubiato Cuyacot ◽  
Blanka Pekarova ◽  
Marketa Zdarska ◽  
Josef Houser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Histidine Kinase ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Response Mechanism ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Changing Environment ◽  
Receiver Domain ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Sessile Organisms

Plants, like other sessile organisms, need to sense many different signals, and in response to them, modify their developmental programs to be able to survive in a highly changing environment. The multistep phosphorelay (MSP) in plants is a good candidate for a response mechanism that integrates multiple signal types both environmental and intrinsic in origin. Recently, ethylene was shown to control MSP activity via the histidine kinase (HK) activity of ETHYLENE RESPONSE 1 (ETR1)1,2, but the underlying molecular mechanism still remains unclear. Here we show that although ETR1 is an active HK, its receiver domain (ETR1RD) is structurally and functionally unable to accept the phosphate from the phosphorylated His in the ETR1 HK domain (ETR1HK) to initiate the phosphorelay to ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE-CONTAINING PHOSPHOTRANSMITTERs (AHPs), the next link downstream members in MSP signaling. Instead, ETR1 interacts with another HK ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE KINASE 5 (AHK5) and transfers the phosphate from ETR1HK through the receiver domain of AHK5 (AHK5RD), and subsequently to AHP1, AHP2 and AHP3, independently of the HK activity of AHK5. We show that AHK5 is necessary for ethylene-initiated, but not cytokinin-initiated, MSP signaling in planta and that it thus mediates hormonal control of root growth.

Cadmium and copper change root growth and morphology of Pinus pinea and Pinus pinaster seedlings

1994 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iduna Arduini ◽  
Douglas L. Godbold ◽  
Antonino Onnis
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Pinus Pinea

Genetic variation for rate of establishment in caucasian clover

1998 ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
K.H. Widdup ◽  
T.L. Knight ◽  
C.J. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Trifolium Ambiguum ◽  
Root Dry Weight

Slow establishment of caucasian clover (Trifolium ambiguum L.) is hindering the use of this legume in pasture mixtures. Improved genetic material is one strategy of correcting the problem. Newly harvested seed of hexaploid caucasian clover germplasm covering a range of origins, together with white and red clover and lucerne, were sown in 1 m rows in a Wakanui soil at Lincoln in November 1995. After 21 days, the caucasian clover material as a group had similar numbers of emerged seedlings as white clover and lucerne, but was inferior to red clover. There was wide variation among caucasian clover lines (48-70% seedling emergence), with the cool-season selection from cv. Monaro ranked the highest. Recurrent selection at low temperatures could be used to select material with improved rates of seedling emergence. Red clover and lucerne seedlings produced significantly greater shoot and root dry weight than caucasian and white clover seedlings. Initially, caucasian clover seedlings partitioned 1:1 shoot to root dry weight compared with 3:1 for white clover. After 2 months, caucasian clover seedlings had similar shoot growth but 3 times the root growth of white clover. Between 2 and 5 months, caucasian clover partitioned more to root and rhizome growth, resulting in a 0.3:1 shoot:root ratio compared with 2:1 for white clover. Both clover species had similar total dry weight after 5 months. Unhindered root/ rhizome devel-opment is very important to hasten the establishment phase of caucasian clover. The caucasian clover lines KZ3 and cool-season, both selections from Monaro, developed seedlings with greater shoot and root growth than cv. Monaro. KZ3 continued to produce greater root growth after 5 months, indicating the genetic potential for improvement in seedling growth rate. Different pasture estab-lishment techniques are proposed that take account of the seedling growth characteristics of caucasian clover. Keywords: establishment, genetic variation, growth, seedling emergence, Trifolium ambiguum

Root growth and proline content in drought sensitive and tolerant maize (Zea maysL.) seedlings under different water potentials

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Sánchez-Urdaneta ◽  
Cecilia Peña-Valdivia ◽  
Carlos Trejo ◽  
J. Aguirre R. ◽  
Elizabeth Cárdenas S.
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Water Potentials

Lupane Type Triterpene Isolated from the Leaves of Thecacoris Annobonea (Euphorbiaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 695-701
Author(s):  
Herve Martial Poumale Poumale ◽  
Alphonsine Nkapwa Guedem ◽  
Louis Pergaud Sandjo ◽  
Bonaventure Tchaleu Ngadjui ◽  
Yoshihito Shiono
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Aristolochic Acid ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Aristolochic Acid I

A new lupane type triterpene (1), together with betulinic acid (2), friedelin (3), aristolochic acid I (4), alpinumisoflavone (5) and 4’-O-methylepinumisoflavone (6) have been isolated from the leaves of Thecacoris annobonea. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of 1 and 2D NMR experiments. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their phytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity. 1 exhibited significant antimicrobial activity at 30 μg/ml and compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 inhibited root growth lettuce at 100 μg/ml. 

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