scholarly journals Association of sleep duration in middle and old age with incidence of dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Séverine Sabia ◽  
Aurore Fayosse ◽  
Julien Dumurgier ◽  
Vincent T. van Hees ◽  
Claire Paquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Mental Health Factors ◽  
Incidence Of Dementia

AbstractSleep dysregulation is a feature of dementia but it remains unclear whether sleep duration prior to old age is associated with dementia incidence. Using data from 7959 participants of the Whitehall II study, we examined the association between sleep duration and incidence of dementia (521 diagnosed cases) using a 25-year follow-up. Here we report higher dementia risk associated with a sleep duration of six hours or less at age 50 and 60, compared with a normal (7 h) sleep duration, although this was imprecisely estimated for sleep duration at age 70 (hazard ratios (HR) 1.22 (95% confidence interval 1.01–1.48), 1.37 (1.10–1.72), and 1.24 (0.98–1.57), respectively). Persistent short sleep duration at age 50, 60, and 70 compared to persistent normal sleep duration was also associated with a 30% increased dementia risk independently of sociodemographic, behavioural, cardiometabolic, and mental health factors. These findings suggest that short sleep duration in midlife is associated with an increased risk of late-onset dementia.

scholarly journals Longitudinal associations of military-related factors on self-reported sleep among U.S. service members

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam D Cooper ◽  
Claire A Kolaja ◽  
Rachel R Markwald ◽  
Isabel G Jacobson ◽  
Evan D Chinoy
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Military ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms ◽  
Over Time ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Study Objectives Sleep loss is common in the military, which can negatively affect health and readiness; however, it is largely unknown how sleep varies over a military career. This study sought to examine the relationships between military-related factors and the new onset and reoccurrence of short sleep duration and insomnia symptoms. Methods Millennium Cohort Study data were used to track U.S. military service members over time to examine longitudinal changes in sleep. Outcomes were self-reported average sleep duration (categorized as ≤5 hours, 6 hours, or 7–9 hours [recommended]) and/or insomnia symptoms (having trouble falling or staying asleep). Associations between military-related factors and the new onset and reoccurrence of these sleep characteristics were determined, after controlling for multiple health and behavioral factors. Results Military-related factors consistently associated with an increased risk for new onset and/or reoccurrence of short sleep duration and insomnia symptoms included active duty component, Army or Marine Corps service, combat deployment, and longer than average deployment lengths. Military officers and noncombat deployers had decreased risk for either sleep characteristic. Time-in-service and separation from the military were complex factors; they lowered risk for ≤5 hours sleep but increased risk for insomnia symptoms. Conclusions Various military-related factors contribute to risk of short sleep duration and/or insomnia symptoms over time, although some factors affect these sleep characteristics differently. Also, even when these sleep characteristics remit, some military personnel have an increased risk of reoccurrence. Efforts to improve sleep prioritization and implement interventions targeting at-risk military populations, behaviors, and other significant factors are warranted.

scholarly journals Sleep duration and sleep efficiency in UK long-distance heavy goods vehicle drivers

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2021-107643
Author(s):  
Aron Peter Sherry ◽  
Stacy A Clemes ◽  
Yu-Ling Chen ◽  
Charlotte Edwardson ◽  
Laura J Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inadequate Sleep

ObjectivesTo profile sleep duration and sleep efficiency in UK long-distance heavy goods vehicle (HGV) drivers and explore demographic, occupational and lifestyle predictors of sleep.MethodsCross-sectional analyses were carried out on 329 HGV drivers (98.5% men) recruited across an international logistics company within the midland’s region, UK. Sleep duration and efficiency were assessed via wrist-worn accelerometry (GENEActiv) over 8 days. Proportions of drivers with short sleep duration (<6 hour/24 hours and <7 hour/24 hours) and inadequate sleep efficiency (<85%) were calculated. Demographic, occupational and lifestyle data were collected via questionnaires and device-based measures. Logistic regression assessed predictors of short sleep duration and inadequate sleep efficiency.Results58% of drivers had a mean sleep duration of <6 hour/24 hours, 91% demonstrated <7-hour sleep/24 hours and 72% achieved <85% sleep efficiency. Sleeping <6 hour/24 hours was less likely in morning (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.94) and afternoon (OR 0.24, CI 0.10 to 0.60) shift workers (vs night) and if never smoked (vs current smokers) (OR 0.45, CI –0.22 to 0.92). The likelihood of sleeping <7 hour/24 hours reduced with age (OR 0.92, CI 0.87 to 0.98). The likelihood of presenting inadequate sleep efficiency reduced with age (OR 0.96, CI 0.93 to 0.99) and overweight body mass index category (vs obese) (OR 0.47, CI 0.27 to 0.82).ConclusionsThe high prevalence of short sleep duration and insufficient sleep quality (efficiency) rate suggest that many HGV drivers have increased risk of excessive daytime sleepiness, road traffic accidents and chronic disease. Future sleep research in UK HGV cohorts is warranted given the road safety and public health implications.

Abstract MP94: Short Sleep Duration Modifies the Relationship Between Cognitive Impairment Associated with Cardiovascular Disease and All-cause Mortality

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Fernandez-Mendoza ◽  
Fan He ◽  
Alexandros N Vgontzas ◽  
Duanping Liao ◽  
Edward O Bixler
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Penn State ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Short sleep duration has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CVD), cognitive impairment (CI) and mortality. However, the role of sleep duration in predicting mortality in the context of CVD and CI is still not well-understood. Hypothesis: Short sleep duration is a key effect modifier of the relationship between CI associated with CVD and all-cause mortality. Methods: We addressed this hypothesis in the Penn State Adult Cohort, a random, general population sample of 1,741 middle-aged adults who were studied in the sleep lab and followed-up for 15y. An in-lab, 8-hour polysomnography was performed to ascertain sleep duration. CI associated with CVD was defined by the presence of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease and/or stroke with impaired higher-order, executive cognitive functioning, including slow processing speed. We tested the interaction between sleep duration and CI associated with CVD on all-cause mortality with multiple logistic regression while adjusting for sex, age, race, obesity, smoking, cholesterol, depression, insomnia, dementia, and sleep apnea. Results: The odds of mortality associated with CI-alone, CVD-alone, and CI associated with CVD were 1.3 (95% CI: 0.7-2.4), 1.7 (95% CI: 1.1-2.8), and 4.6 (95% CI: 2.8-7.7), respectively. As shown in Figure 1, the interaction between CI associated with CVD and sleep duration was significant (p < .01), indicating that the probability of mortality increased significantly as a function of shorter sleep duration in individuals with CI associated with CVD. Conclusion: We found that objective sleep duration modifies the relationship between CI associated with CVD and all-cause mortality in a dose-response manner. Short sleep duration in individuals with probable vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) may serve as a biomarker of the severity of central autonomic dysfunction. Future studies should examine whether improving sleep reduces the odds of mortality in individuals with VCI.

Abstract P183: Influence of Insufficient Sleep on Endothelial Fibrinolytic Capacity in Adults With Elevated Blood Pressure

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R Bain ◽  
Caitlin A Dow ◽  
Kyle J Diehl ◽  
Tyler D Bammert ◽  
Jared J Greiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Normal Sleep ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

The capacity of the endothelium to release tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is impaired in adults with elevated BP, leading to an increased risk of thrombotic events. Insufficient sleep is independently associated with elevated BP and impaired t-PA release. However, the compounded influence of insufficient sleep on t-PA release in adults with elevated BP is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that impairments in the capacity of the endothelium to release t-PA in adults with elevated BP is worse in those who sleep <7 h/night (short sleep duration) compared with those who sleep 7 to 9 h/night (normal sleep duration). We studied 38 sedentary, middle-aged adults: 10 with normal BP and normal nightly sleep duration (6M/4F; age: 55±2 yr; BP: 114/94±2/3 mmHg, sleep duration: 7.4±0.2 h); 14 with elevated BP and normal nightly sleep duration (8M/6F; 60±2 yr; 141/87±2/2 mmHg; 7.8±0.1 h); and 14 with elevated BP and short nightly sleep duration (10M/4F; 57±2 yr; 139/85±2/2 mmHg; 6.1±0.2 h). All subjects were free of overt metabolic and coronary disease. Net endothelial release of t-PA was determined, in vivo, in response to intra-brachial infusions of bradykinin (BK: 125-500 ng/min) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP: 2.0-8.0 μg/min). In the normal sleep groups, as expected, endothelial t-PA release in response to BK was significantly blunted (~30%) in the adults with elevated BP (from -1.2±0.8 to 50.2±4.8 ng/100mL tissue/min) compared with normal BP (from 0.9±3.4 to 73.0±8.0 ng/100mL tissue/min); and total t-PA release (area under the BK curve) was ~25% lower (p<0.05) in the adults with elevated (307±33 ng/100mL tissue) vs. normal (396±27 ng/100mL tissue) BP. Importantly, net endothelial release rate (from -1.5±1.0 to 40.6±4.3 ng/100mL tissue/min) and total amount of t-PA released (222±28 ng/100mL tissue) in response to BK were markedly lower (~25% and 30%, respectively, P<0.05) in the elevated BP and short sleep duration group compared with the elevated BP and normal sleep duration group. In the elevated BP population, sleep duration was positively correlated with total t-PA release (r=0.46, P<0.05). There was no effect of SNP on t-PA release in any group. In summary, insufficient sleep is associated with exacerbated impairments in t-PA release in adults with elevated BP.

scholarly journals The contribution of sleep to social inequalities in cardiovascular disorders: a multi-cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (8) ◽  
pp. 1514-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Petrovic ◽  
José Haba-Rubio ◽  
Carlos de Mestral Vargas ◽  
Michelle Kelly-Irving ◽  
Paolo Vineis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Occupational Position ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inadequate Sleep

Abstract Aims Sleep disturbances exhibit a strong social patterning, and inadequate sleep has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disorders (CVD). However, the contribution of sleep to socioeconomic inequalities in CVD is unclear. This study pools data from eight European cohorts to investigate the role of sleep duration in the association between life-course socioeconomic status (SES) and CVD. Methods and results We used cross-sectional data from eight European cohorts, totalling 111 205 participants. Life-course SES was assessed using father’s and adult occupational position. Self-reported sleep duration was categorized into recommended (6–8.5 h/night), long (&gt;8.5 h/night), and short (&lt;6 h/night). We examined two cardiovascular outcomes: coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. Main analyses were conducted using pooled data and examined the association between life-course SES and CVD, and the contribution of sleep duration to this gradient using counterfactual mediation. Low father’s occupational position was associated with an increased risk of CHD (men: OR = 1.19, 95% CI [1.04; 1.37]; women: OR = 1.25, 95% CI [1.02; 1.54]), with marginal decrease of the gradient after accounting for adult occupational position (men: OR = 1.17, 95% CI [1.02; 1.35]; women: OR = 1.22, 95% CI [0.99; 1.52]), and no mediating effect by short sleep duration. Low adult occupational position was associated with an increased risk of CHD in both men and women (men: OR = 1.48, 95% CI [1.14; 1.92]; women: OR = 1.53, 95% CI [1.04; 2.21]). Short sleep duration meaningfully contributed to the association between adult occupational position and CHD in men, with 13.4% mediation. Stroke did not exhibit a social patterning with any of the variables examined. Conclusion This study suggests that inadequate sleep accounts to a meaningful proportion of the association between adult occupational position and CHD, at least in men. With sleep increasingly being considered an important cardiovascular risk factor in its own terms, our study additionally points to its potential role in social inequalities in cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Effects of sleep habits on acute myocardial infarction risk and severity of coronary artery disease in Chinese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Lian ◽  
Jie Gu ◽  
Sibo Wang ◽  
Jianjun Yan ◽  
Xiaowen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Gensini Score ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract Background Growing evidence indicates that poor sleep harms health. Early to bed and early to rise is considered as a healthy lifestyle in Chinese population. The current study aimed to examine the effects of sleep habits on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) risk and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Chinese population from two centers. Methods A total of 873 patients including 314 AMI cases and 559 controls were recruited from the inpatient cardiology department of the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. 559 controls included 395 CAD cases and 164 non-CAD cases. We used a 17-item sleep factors questionnaire (SFQ) to evaluate sleep habits comprehensively by face-to-face interview. The severity of CAD was assessed by Gensini score in AMI and CAD groups. The effects of sleep factors on AMI risk and Gensini score were examined by unconditional logistic regression. Results After mutually adjustment for other sleep factors and demographic characteristics, the timing of sleep (24:00 and after) and morning waking (after 7:00) and sleep duration (< 6 h) were associated with increased risk of AMI (OR = 4.005, P < 0.001, OR = 2.544, P = 0.011 and OR = 2.968, P < 0.001, respectively). Lower level of light exposure at night was correlated with reduced risk of AMI (OR = 0.243, P = 0.009). In subgroup analysis by age, both late sleep timing and short sleep duration were associated with increased risk of AMI regardless of age. In subjects with age ≤ 65 years, daytime napping was related to reduced risk of AMI (OR = 0.645, P = 0.046). In subjects with age > 65 years, the frequency of night-time waking (3 times) was associated with increased risk of AMI (OR = 3.467, P = 0.035). Short sleep duration was correlated with increased risk of high Gensini score (OR = 2.374, P < 0.001). Conclusion Sleep insufficiency is an important risk factor both for AMI risk and CAD severity. Late sleeping is also associated with increased risk of AMI. In young and middle-aged people, regular naps may have a protective effect. Graphic abstract

Abstract P080: Associations of Poor Sleep Quality and Quantity and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Older Age - The Chicago Healthy Aging Study (CHAS)

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Huyen T Vu ◽  
Norrina B Allen ◽  
Kathryn J Reid ◽  
Kiang Liu ◽  
Daniel B Garside ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated a link between both sleep quantity and quality and an increased risk of CVD, stroke, and diabetes. However only a few population-based studies have information on the association of sleep quantity and quality and subclinical atherosclerosis as measured by coronary artery calcium (CAC) and ankle brachial index (ABI) -- a marker for peripheral arterial disease. Methods: CHAS data were used to investigate cross-sectional associations of short sleep duration and poor sleep quality assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (see Table Footnote for definition of poor sleep quality and quantity) and prevalence of having CAC (score > 0) or low ABI (<0.99). CAC, assessed by multi-detector computed tomography, was quantified by the Agatston’s method. ABI was calculated as the ratio of Doppler recorded systolic pressures in the lower and upper extremities (ABI >1.4 was excluded). Results: The study sample consists of 1,005 men and 390 women ages 65-84 (mean age 71) in 2007-10; 9% were African American. There are no differences in CAC prevalence among participants with or without short sleep duration (11.2% vs. 11.0%). For low ABI, these figures are 20% and10.8%, respectively. With multiple adjustments (see Table Footnote), there are no significant associations of short sleep duration or poor sleep total score with prevalent CAC. However, participants with short sleep duration are more likely to have low ABI, i.e., the odds (95% confidence interval) of having ABI <0.99 with sleep duration of <6hrs was almost two fold (1.02-3.13) compared to others (see Table). Conclusion: In older age, shorter sleep duration is associated with peripheral vascular disease. Sleep may represent a modifiable risk factor for CVD.

Abstract P339: Impaired Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Adolescents: Role of Insomnia Symptoms, Objective Short Sleep Duration and Night-To-Night Sleep Variability

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Fernandez-Mendoza ◽  
Fan He ◽  
Duanping Liao ◽  
Alexandros N Vgontzas ◽  
Edward O Bixler
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Night Sleep ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Introduction: Impaired cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM), as measured by heart rate variability (HRV), has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity. Inadequate sleep has been shown to contribute to impaired CAM, however, it is not clear what sleep problems are independently associated with impaired CAM in adolescents, a population in which insomnia symptoms, short sleep duration and night-to-night sleep variability are highly prevalent. Hypothesis: Insomnia symptoms, objective short sleep duration and high sleep variability are independently associated with worse HRV indices in adolescents. Methods: Data from the Penn State Child Cohort, a randomly-selected sample of 421 adolescents (12-23y) was used. Insomnia symptoms were defined by the presence of self-reported difficulties falling and/or staying asleep on the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire. All subjects underwent 9-hour, in-lab polysomnography (PSG) and wore an actigraphy (ACT) monitor in the non-dominant wrist for 7 days. Mixed-effect regression models predicting HRV indices included insomnia symptoms, PSG sleep duration and ACT sleep duration and its variability (standard deviation) adjusted for each other as well as for sex, race, age, body mass index, and apnea/hypopnea index. Results: Shorter PSG sleep duration and higher ACT sleep variability were independently associated with decreased parasympathetic and increased sympathetic nervous activity [e.g., SDNN: 2.05±0.70, p<0.01 and -4.50±1.14, p<0.01 and Log-HF: 0.10±0.03, p<0.0 and -0.10±0.05, p=0.05, respectively], while ACT sleep duration or self-reported insomnia symptoms were not [e.g., SDNN: -0.57±0.84, p=0.49 and 0.90±1.26, p=0.47 and Log-HF: -0.06±0.04, p=0.12 and 0.05±0.06, p=0.37, respectively]. Conclusions: Objective, but not subjective, measures of sleep are associated with impaired CAM in adolescents. Interestingly, short PSG sleep duration and high ACT sleep variability are independently associated with impaired CAM, which indicates that these two objective measures may help identify distinct sleep phenotypes associated with increased cardiovascular risk in adolescents. Future studies should examine whether a more severe type of insomnia symptoms, i.e., chronic insomnia, is associated with impaired CAM in adolescents.

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