scholarly journals Changes in brain arousal (EEG-vigilance) after therapeutic sleep deprivation in depressive patients and healthy controls

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Sander ◽  
Jonathan M. Schmidt ◽  
Roland Mergl ◽  
Frank M. Schmidt ◽  
Ulrich Hegerl
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Depressive Patients ◽  
Brain Arousal

Fenetyline as possible treatment in non-responder depressive patients

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
F Lang ◽  
J Pellet ◽  
B Estour
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Manic Episode ◽  
Endogenous Depression ◽  
Recurrent Depression ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Patients

SummaryThe authors report the case of a 45-yr-old male who presented from 1979 to 1986 with several severe depressive episodes. The patient fulfilled Feighner criteria for major depression, Newcastle criteria for endogenous depression: the depressive episodes were all classified as severe recurrent depression without melancholia according to DSM III. The patient was resistant to different types of treatment (ECT, tricyclic and MAOI drugs, lithium, sleep deprivation). With a treatment of 10 cg/day of fenetyline, reduced to 5 cg/day after 6 months, (atypical manic episode), the patient improved considerably for 20 rnonths. The therapeutic response decreased after this period but after a month of withdrawal, the patient again responded. The authors cannot explain the duration of this therapeutic response.

scholarly journals Resting EEG Measures of Brain Arousal in a Multisite Study of Major Depression

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Ulke ◽  
Craig E. Tenke ◽  
Jürgen Kayser ◽  
Christian Sander ◽  
Daniel Böttger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alpha Activity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Eeg Recordings ◽  
Brain Arousal

Several studies have found upregulated brain arousal during 15-minute EEG recordings at rest in depressed patients. However, studies based on shorter EEG recording intervals are lacking. Here we aimed to compare measures of brain arousal obtained from 2-minute EEGs at rest under eyes-closed condition in depressed patients and healthy controls in a multisite project—Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response for Clinical Care (EMBARC). We expected that depressed patients would show stable and elevated brain arousal relative to controls. Eighty-seven depressed patients and 36 healthy controls from four research sites in the United States were included in the analyses. The Vigilance Algorithm Leipzig (VIGALL) was used for the fully automatic classification of EEG-vigilance stages (indicating arousal states) of 1-second EEG segments; VIGALL-derived measures of brain arousal were calculated. We found that depressed patients scored higher on arousal stability ( Z = −2.163, P = .015) and A stages (dominant alpha activity; P = .027) but lower on B1 stages (low-voltage non-alpha activity, P = .008) compared with healthy controls. No significant group differences were observed in Stage B2/3. In summary, we were able to demonstrate stable and elevated brain arousal during brief 2-minute recordings at rest in depressed patients. Results set the stage for examining the value of these measures for predicting clinical response to antidepressants in the entire EMBARC sample and evaluating whether an upregulated brain arousal is particularly characteristic for responders to antidepressants.

scholarly journals Enhanced Vigilance Stability during Daytime in Insomnia Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Ariane Losert ◽  
Christian Sander ◽  
Michael Schredl ◽  
Ivonne Heilmann-Etzbach ◽  
Michael Deuschle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Chronic Insomnia ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Insomnia Disorder ◽  
Waking State ◽  
Vigilance Dynamics ◽  
Depressive Patients

Central nervous hyperarousal is as a key component of current pathophysiological concepts of chronic insomnia disorder. However, there are still open questions regarding its exact nature and the mechanisms linking hyperarousal to sleep disturbance. Here, we aimed at studying waking state hyperarousal in insomnia by the perspective of resting-state vigilance dynamics. The VIGALL (Vigilance Algorithm Leipzig) algorithm has been developed to investigate resting-state vigilance dynamics, and it revealed, for example, enhanced vigilance stability in depressive patients. We hypothesized that patients with insomnia also show a more stable vigilance regulation. Thirty-four unmedicated patients with chronic insomnia and 25 healthy controls participated in a twenty-minute resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) measurement following a night of polysomnography. Insomnia patients showed enhanced EEG vigilance stability as compared to controls. The pattern of vigilance hyperstability differed from that reported previously in depressive patients. Vigilance hyperstability was also present in insomnia patients showing only mildly reduced sleep efficiency. In this subgroup, vigilance hyperstability correlated with measures of disturbed sleep continuity and arousal. Our data indicate that insomnia disorder is characterized by hyperarousal at night as well as during daytime.

Cyclic alternating pattern in narcolepsy patients and healthy controls after partial and total sleep deprivation

2011 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 1788-1793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rositsa Poryazova ◽  
Esther Werth ◽  
Liborio Parrino ◽  
Mario Giovanni Terzano ◽  
Claudio L. Bassetti
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Cyclic Alternating Pattern

scholarly journals “She finds you abhorrent” - The impact of emotional context information on the cortical processing of neutral faces in depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Iffland ◽  
Fabian Klein ◽  
Sebastian Schindler ◽  
Hanna Kley ◽  
Frank Neuner
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cortical Processing ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depressive Patients ◽  
Self Reference

AbstractDepression is associated with abnormalities in patterns of information processing, particularly in the context of processing of interpersonal information. The present study was designed to investigate the differences in depressive individuals in cortical processing of facial stimuli when neutral faces were presented in a context that involved information about emotional valence as well as self-reference. In 21 depressive patients and 20 healthy controls, event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during the presentation of neutral facial expressions, which were accompanied by affective context information that was either self- or other-related. Across conditions, depressive patients showed larger mean P100 amplitudes than healthy controls. Furthermore, mean late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes of depressive patients were larger in response to faces in self-related than in other-related context. In addition, irrespective of self-reference, mean LPP responses of depressive patients to faces presented after socially threatening sentences were larger compared with faces presented after neutral sentences. Results regarding self-reference supported results of previous studies indicating larger mean amplitudes in self-related conditions. Findings suggest a general heightened initial responsiveness to emotional cues and a sustained emotion processing of socially threatening information in depressive patients.

scholarly journals Response to Therapeutic Sleep Deprivation: A Naturalistic Study of Clinical and Genetic Factors and Post-Treatment Depressive Symptom Trajectory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Trautmann ◽  
Jerome C. Foo ◽  
Josef Frank ◽  
Stephanie H. Witt ◽  
Fabian Streit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Global Improvement ◽  
Genetic Burden ◽  
The Impact

AbstractResearch has shown that therapeutic sleep deprivation (SD) has rapid antidepressant effects in the majority of depressed patients. Investigation of factors preceding and accompanying these effects may facilitate the identification of the underlying biological mechanisms. This exploratory study aimed to examine clinical and genetic factors predicting response to SD and determine the impact of SD on illness course. Mood and tiredness during SD were also assessed via visual analogue scales (VAS). Depressed inpatients (n = 78) and healthy controls (n = 15) underwent ~36hrs of SD. Response to SD was defined as a score of ≤2 on the Clinical Global Impression Scale for Global Improvement. Depressive symptom trajectories were evaluated for up to a month using self/expert ratings. Impact of genetic burden was calculated using polygenic risk scores for major depressive disorder. 72% of patients responded to SD. Responders and nonresponders did not differ in baseline self/expert depression symptom ratings, but mood subjectively measured by VAS scale differed. Response was associated with lower age (p = 0.007) and later age at life-time disease onset (p = 0.003). Higher genetic burden of depression was observed in non-responders than healthy controls. Up to a month post-SD, depressive symptoms decreased in both patients groups, but more in responders, in whom effects were sustained. The present findings suggest that re-examining SD with a greater focus on biological mechanisms will lead to better understanding of mechanisms of depression.

scholarly journals Decreased inhibitory control after partial sleep deprivation in individuals reporting binge eating: preliminary findings

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9252
Author(s):  
Silvia Cerolini ◽  
Andrea Ballesio ◽  
Fabio Ferlazzo ◽  
Fabio Lucidi ◽  
Caterina Lombardo
Keyword(s):  
Binge Eating ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Backward Inhibition ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Impact

Background Poor executive functions are associated with dysregulated eating and greater caloric intake in healthy samples. In parallel, findings suggested that sleep deprivation impairs executive functions. Methods We investigated whether partial sleep deprivation impairs executive functions in individuals reporting binge eating (BE, N = 14) and healthy controls (C, N = 13). Switch cost and backward inhibition were measured using the Task Switching Paradigm after a habitual night of sleep and after a night of partial sleep deprivation. Results Results showed a Night by Group interaction on the backward inhibition. The two groups differed in the habitual night, evidencing higher inhibitory control in BE compared to C. Additionally, after partial sleep deprivation, compared to the habitual night, backward inhibition decreased in BE group. This preliminary study was the first to explore the impact of sleep deprivation on executive functions in participants reporting binge eating and healthy controls, thus highlighting their potential role in influencing eating behavior.

scholarly journals Metabolomic biosignature differentiates melancholic depressive patients from healthy controls

BMC Genomics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yashu Liu ◽  
Lynn Yieh ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Wilhelmus Drinkenburg ◽  
Pieter Peeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Depressive Patients
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