scholarly journals Precision Vascular Delivery of Agrochemicals with Micromilled Microneedles (µMMNs)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avra Kundu ◽  
Maria Gabriela Nogueira Campos ◽  
Swadeshmukul Santra ◽  
Swaminathan Rajaraman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Systemic Delivery ◽  
Pathogen Control ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Base Width ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract We demonstrate use of makerspace techniques involving subtractive microtechnologies to fabricate micromilled microneedles (µMMNs) of stainless steel (SS) for precise delivery of agrochemicals into vascular bundles of plant tissue. Precision delivery is of immense importance for systemic pathogen control in specific areas of plant tissue. Optimization of the micromilling allows for selective removal of SS at the microscale and the microfabrication of a 5 × 5 array of µMMNs having both base width and height of 500 µm to enable precise puncture into the stem of citrus saplings. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy reveals up to 7.5× increase in the uptake of a therapeutic cargo while Scanning Electron Microscopy reveals that specific sites of the vascular bundle; either xylem or the phloem can be uniquely targeted with customized µMMNs. Such rapid and cost-effective customization with intricate designs along with scalability is enabled by makerspace microfabrication. Additionally, a 19 × 20 array of micromilled mesoneedles has been fabricated and affixed to a paint roller as an applicator system for real-world field testing outside the laboratory. Initial results indicate reliable behavior of the applicator system and the technique can be applied to the systemic delivery of agrochemicals while conserving the loss of the agrochemical with increased application efficiency.

Morpho-anatomy of the cypselae of native species of Mutisieae (Asteraceae) from Mexico

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 436 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
ROSARIO REDONDA-MARTÍNEZ ◽  
TERESA TERRAZAS ◽  
ALICIA ROJAS-LEAL
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Anticlinal Wall ◽  
Periclinal Wall ◽  
Mexican Species ◽  
Anatomical Trait ◽  
Scanning Electron

The aims of this study were to describe and illustrate cypselae of 15 Mexican species of Mutisieae from observations using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The cypselae are heteromorphic with pilose, sericeous or glandular indumentum. The primary sculpture of the surface has two microstructural patterns: reticulate and plicate. The secondary sculpture is striate in 13 taxa, but in two species, Chaptalia estribensis and C. mexicana, differences were found in the secondary sculpture of the external and internal cypselae. The most distinctive anatomical trait is in the epicarp, which has rectangular or square-shaped cells that have a convex periclinal wall in most species of Chaptalia. The mesocarp has vascular bundles with fibers in all species of Chaptalia, but fibers are absent in Adenocaulon, Gerbera and Leibnitzia. In addition, the cells of the mesocarp inner layer have either thick walls or only an anticlinal wall in nine species of Chaptalia. The micromorphological characteristics of the primary or secondary sculpture of the surface, the type of trichomes and the variation they present have taxonomical value for recognizing closely-related taxa, whereas anatomical traits of the mesocarp distinguish Adenocaulon, Gerbera and Leibnitzia from most Chaptalia species.

scholarly journals A Portable Electrospinner for Nanofiber Synthesis and Its Application for Cosmetic Treatment of Alopecia

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Revia ◽  
Wagner ◽  
Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Powder Product ◽  
Current Limiting ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
End Use ◽  
Unique Application ◽  
Scanning Electron

A portable, handheld electrospinning apparatus is designed and constructed using off-the-shelf components and 3D-printed parts. The portable electrospinner is used to generate nanofibers with diameters ranging from 85 to 600 nm; examination of these fibers is achieved with scanning electron microscopy. This portable electrospinner has similar capabilities to standard stationary benchtop electrospinners in terms of the diversity of polymers the device is able to spin into nanofibers and their resulting size and morphology. However, it provides much more ambulatory flexibility, employs current-limiting measures that allow for safer operation and is cost effective. As a demonstration of the device’s unique application space afforded by its portability, the device is applied in direct-to-skin electrospinning to improve the aesthetics of simulated hair loss in a mouse model by electrospinning dyed polyacrylonitrile nanofibers that mimic hair. The superficial nanofiber treatment for thinning hair is able to achieve an improvement in appearance similar to that of a commercially available powder product but outperforms the powder in the nanofiber’s superior adherence to the affected area. The portable electrospinning apparatus overcomes many limitations of immobile benchtop electrospinners and holds promise for applications in consumer end-use scenarios such as the treatment of alopecia via cosmetic hair thickening.

The Utilization of Recycled Newspaper in the Production of Cellulose Microfiber

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 644-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Azuwa Mohamed ◽  
Wan Norharyati Wan Salleh ◽  
Juhana Jaafar ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reinforcement Material ◽  
Cellulose Microfibers ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Cellulose microfibers (CMF) were produced by utilizing recycled newspaper paper (RNP) as starting material. This approach is considered as green since recycling newspaper leads to the environment preservation and also cost-effective. The effect on the structural properties of cellulose produced at different stage of pretreatment were investigated by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The FTIR and SEM demonstrate that the hemicellulose and lignin was successfully removed from the structure of the CMF. XRD and TGA results revealed that the different step of pretreatment was increased the crystallinity and thermal stability of CMF increased gradually. The improvement in CMF crystallinity has improved its thermal properties which is important in the field of reinforcement material.

An X-ray diffraction study of pyrolytic manganese dioxide

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Rogers ◽  
D. Cossins
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tantalum Capacitor ◽  
Technological Significance ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Pyrolysis Processes

The thermal decomposition of aqueous manganese nitrate has been studied under a range of experimental conditions to scientifically assess the pyrolysis processes employed by the tantalum capacitor industry. The crystalline phase and form of the manganese oxides produced are compared by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Those experimental conditions producing materials with the lowest resistivity are identified. The technological significance of the decomposition process is discussed and initial results from a novel pyrolysis technique are presented.

scholarly journals Superficial Surface Treatment using Atmospheric Plasma on Recycled Nylon 6,6

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
M. Rodríguez ◽  
E. Vázquez-Vélez ◽  
H. Martinez ◽  
A. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Physical Chemistry ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nylon 6,6 ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polymers currently represent materials that are cost-effective, while its recycled nature is significant in terms of environmental protection. However, the surface properties of polymers often do not meet the demands of wettability, adhesion, and friction, among others. Atmospheric plasma treatment on the surface of polymers improves its physical-chemistry properties. In this work, a recycled nylon coating was prepared by the spin coating technique and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. This coating was treated by atmospheric plasma, and Raman spectroscopy was performed to analyze the signals related to different functional groups present in the coating surface after plasma treatment. The action of plasma on the surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The contact angle results showed an improvement in surface wettability.

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