scholarly journals Differential value of brain magnetic resonance imaging in multiple system atrophy cerebellar phenotype and spinocerebellar ataxias

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minkyeong Kim ◽  
Jong Hyeon Ahn ◽  
Yoonsu Cho ◽  
Ji Sun Kim ◽  
Jinyoung Youn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Multiple System Atrophy ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Spinocerebellar Ataxias ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

AbstractClinically differentiating multiple system atrophy cerebellar (MSA-C) phenotype and spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) is challenging especially in the early stage. We assessed diagnostic value of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in differentiating MSA-C and SCAs based at different disease stages (<3, 3–7, and >7 years of disease duration). Overall, 186 patients with probable MSA-C and 117 with genetically confirmed SCAs were included. Hot cross bun (HCB) signs and middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) hyperintensities were exclusively prevalent in MSA-C compared to SCAs at <3 years (HCB, 44.6% versus 0.9%; MCP hyperintensities, 38.3% versus 0.9%, respectively). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) for HCB signs to differentiate MSA-C from SCAs were 45%, 99%, and 99% and those for MCP hyperintensities were 68%, 99%, and 99%, respectively; considering both HCB signs and MCP hyperintensities, specificity and PPV were 100%. However, the differential value of MRI signs decreased over time. MCP widths were smaller and showed more significant decrease in MSA-C than in SCAs. In conclusion, pontine and MCP changes were exclusively prominent in early stage MSA-C rather than in SCAs. Therefore, we should consider disease duration when interpreting pontine and MCP changes in brain MRIs, which will help better differentiate MSA-C and SCAs.

scholarly journals Correlation of magnetic resonance imaging and post-ablation endoscopy to detect oesophageal thermal injury in patients after atrial fibrillation ablation: MRI-EDEL-study

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1009-1016
Author(s):  
Philipp Halbfass ◽  
Lukas Lehmkuhl ◽  
Borek Foldyna ◽  
Artur Berkovitz ◽  
Kai Sonne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Oesophageal Injury ◽  
Mri Sequences ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Signal Intensities

Abstract Aims  To correlate oesophageal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities with ablation-induced oesophageal injury detected in endoscopy. Methods and results  Ablation-naïve patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), who underwent ablation using a contact force sensing irrigated radiofrequency ablation catheter, received a cardiac MRI on the day of ablation, and post-ablation oesophageal endoscopy (OE) 1 day after ablation. Two MRI expert readers recorded presence of abnormal oesophageal tissue signal intensities, defined as increased oesophageal signal in T2-fat-saturated (T2fs), short-tau inversion-recovery (STIR), or late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequences. Oesophageal endoscopy was performed by experienced operators. Finally, we correlated the presence of any affection with endoscopically detected oesophageal thermal lesions (EDEL). Among 50 consecutive patients (age 67 ± 7 years, 60% male), who received post-ablation MRI and OE, complete MRI data were available in 44 of 50 (88%) patients. In OE, 7 of 50 (14%) presented with EDEL (Category 1 lesion: erosion n = 3, Category 2 lesion: ulcer n = 4). Among those with EDEL, 6 of 7 (86%) patients presented with increased signal intensities in all three MRI sequences, while only 2 of 37 (5%) showed hyperintensities in all three MRI sequences and negative endoscopy. Correspondingly, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) for MRI (increased signal in T2fs, STIR, and LGE) were 86%, 95%, 75%, and 97%, respectively. Conclusion  Increased signal intensity in T2fs, STIR, and LGE represents independent markers of EDEL. In particular, the combination of all three has the highest diagnostic value. Hence, MRI may represent an accurate, non-invasive method to exclude acute oesophageal injury after AF ablation (NPV: 97%).

Brain magnetic resonance imaging does not contribute to the diagnosis of chronic neuroborreliosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 755-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aalto ◽  
J. Sjöwall ◽  
L. Davidsson ◽  
P. Forsberg ◽  
Ö. Smedby
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Borrelia infections, especially chronic neuroborreliosis (NB), may cause considerable diagnostic problems. This diagnosis is based on symptoms and findings in the cerebrospinal fluid but is not always conclusive. Purpose: To evaluate brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in chronic NB, to compare the findings with healthy controls, and to correlate MRI findings with disease duration. Material and Methods: Sixteen well-characterized patients with chronic NB and 16 matched controls were examined in a 1.5T scanner with a standard head coil. T1- (with and without gadolinium), T2-, and diffusion-weighted imaging plus fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging were used. Results: White matter lesions and lesions in the basal ganglia were seen in 12 patients and 10 controls (no significant difference). Subependymal lesions were detected in patients down to the age of 25 and in the controls down to the age of 43. The number of lesions was correlated to age both in patients (ρ = 0.83, P<0.01) and in controls (ρ = 0.61, P<0.05), but not to the duration of disease. Most lesions were detected with FLAIR, but many also with T2-weighted imaging. Conclusion: A number of MRI findings were detected in patients with chronic NB, although the findings were unspecific when compared with matched controls and did not correlate with disease duration. However, subependymal lesions may constitute a potential finding in chronic NB.

Creutzfeldt-Jackob disease: A Case Report with MRI (DWI) Findings

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Hari Om Joshi ◽  
Tong Dan ◽  
Ting Tang Yuan ◽  
Ajit Thapa ◽  
Jyotsna Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Jakob Disease

Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy is sub-acute transmissible neurodegenerative disease which affects both human and animals. Among those that affect humans, Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease is the most common. This disease has a genetic basis and characteristic of an infectious disease. Magnetic Resonance Imaging is an important tool in diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and can assist especially in the early stages of the disease, when the clinical features might not be typical and Electroencephalogram shows normal or nonspecific abnormalities. Newer Magnetic Resonance Imaging techniques such as Diffusion Weighted Imaging have shown to be more sensitive in detecting this disease at its early stage. We report a single case of probable Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and its peculiar findings on brain magnetic resonance imaging.

scholarly journals Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple-System Atrophy and Parkinson Disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty Bhattacharya ◽  
Daniela Saadia ◽  
Barbara Eisenkraft ◽  
Melvin Yahr ◽  
Warren Olanow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Multiple System Atrophy ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals A distinct neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging pattern in parkinsonian multiple system atrophy

BMC Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Moiron Simões ◽  
Ana Castro Caldas ◽  
Joana Grilo ◽  
Daisy Correia ◽  
Carla Guerreiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Multiple System Atrophy ◽  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Abstract Background Parkinsonian variant of multiple system atrophy is a neurodegenerative disorder frequently misdiagnosed as Parkinson’s disease. No early imaging biomarkers currently differentiate these disorders. Methods Simple visual imaging analysis of the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus in neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging and nigrosome 1 in susceptibility-weighted sequences was performed in thirty patients with parkinsonian variant of multiple system atrophy fulfilling possible/probable second consensus diagnostic criteria. The neuromelanin visual pattern was compared to patients with Parkinson’s disease with the same disease duration (n = 10) and healthy controls (n = 10). Substantia nigra semi-automated neuromelanin area/signal intensity was compared to the visual data. Results Groups were similar in age, sex, disease duration, and levodopa equivalent dose. Hoehn & Yahr stage was higher in parkinsonian multiple system atrophy patients, 69% of whom had normal neuromelanin size/signal, significantly different from Parkinson’s disease patients, and similar to controls. Nigrosome 1 signal was lost in 74% of parkinsonian multiple system atrophy patients. Semi-automated neuromelanin substantia nigra signal, but not area, measurements were able to differentiate groups. Conclusions In patients with parkinsonism, simple visual magnetic resonance imaging analysis showing normal neuromelanin substantia nigra and locus coeruleus, combined with nigrosome 1 loss, allowed the distinction of the parkinsonian variant of multiple system atrophy from Parkinson’s disease and healthy controls. This easy and widely available method was superior to semi-automated measurements in identifying specific imaging changes in substantia nigra and locus coeruleus.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Ulnar Neuropathy at the Elbow

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hormoz Ayromlou ◽  
Mohammad K. Tarzamni ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Daghighi ◽  
Mohammad Zakaria Pezeshki ◽  
Mohammad Yazdchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ulnar Nerve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Ulnar Neuropathy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Aim. To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE). Methods. We prospectively performed electrodiagnostic, ultrasonographic, and MRI studies in UNE patients and healthy controls. Three cross-sectional area (CSA) measurements of the ulnar nerve at multiple levels along the arm and maximum CSA(-max) were recorded. Results. The ulnar nerve CSA measurements were different between the UNE severity grades (P<0.05). CSA-max had the greatest sensitivity (93%) and specificity (68%). Moreover, CSA-max ≥10 mm2 defined the severe UNE cases (sensitivity/specificity: 82%/72%). In MRI, ulnar nerve hyperintensity had the greatest sensitivity (90%) and specificity (80%). Conclusion. Ultrasonography using CSA-max is sensitive and specific in UNE diagnosis and discriminating the severe UNE cases. Furthermore, MRI particularly targeting at increased signal of the ulnar nerve can be a useful diagnostic test of UNE.

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