scholarly journals Canopy hyperspectral characteristics and yield estimation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) under low temperature injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongkai Xie ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Wude Yang ◽  
Meichen Feng ◽  
Xingxing Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Yield Estimation

THE INFLUENCE OF MINERAL NUTRITION ON THE EXPRESSION OF TRAITS ASSOCIATED WITH WINTERHARDINESS OF TWO WINTER WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. RICHARD HETHERINGTON ◽  
BRYAN D. McKERSIE ◽  
LISA C. KEELER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Relative Ranking ◽  
Acclimation Period ◽  
Ice Encasement ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, Fredrick and Norstar, which differ in their winterhardiness potential, were compared with regard to the effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) application, during acclimation, on the expression of four traits associated with winterhardiness — freezing, ice-encasement, and low temperature flooding tolerances and crown moisture content. Modified Hoagland’s nutrient solutions containing five levels of each nutrient were applied to the seedlings during a 5-wk acclimation period at 2 °C, and subsequently the crowns were tested for their ability to survive varying intensities of the stress treatments. Increasing the level of applied N from 0, caused a reduction in the level of all stress tolerances. Increased P did not significantly alter the expression of freezing tolerance, but tended to increase tolerance of the anaerobic stresses, icing and low temperature flooding, to an optimum. Increased K had minimal effects on stress tolerance at the levels tested. Increased levels of each nutrient increased crown moisture content. The cultivar Norstar was consistently more tolerant of freezing and icing stress than Fredrick and this relative ranking was not influenced by mineral nutrition. However, the relative ranking for low temperature flooding tolerance varied depending on the nutrients provided to the seedlings. The results suggest that environmental and growth regulatory factors which influence the uptake of mineral nutrients would be expected to influence crown moisture content, and the expression of stress tolerance.Key words: Freezing, ice-encasement, flooding

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification of CCT genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and their expression analysis during vernalization

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262147
Author(s):  
HongWei Zhang ◽  
Bo Jiao ◽  
FuShuang Dong ◽  
XinXia Liang ◽  
Shuo Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Extended Exposure

Numerous CCT genes are known to regulate various biological processes, such as circadian rhythm regulation, flowering, light signaling, plant development, and stress resistance. The CCT gene family has been characterized in many plants but remains unknown in the major cereal wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Extended exposure to low temperature (vernalization) is necessary for winter wheat to flower successfully. VERNALIZATION2 (VRN2), a specific CCT-containing gene, has been proved to be strongly associated with vernalization in winter wheat. Mutation of all VRN2 copies in three subgenomes results in the eliminated demands of low temperature in flowering. However, no other CCT genes have been reported to be associated with vernalization to date. The present study screened CCT genes in the whole wheat genome, and preliminarily identified the vernalization related CCT genes through expression analysis. 127 CCT genes were identified in three subgenomes of common wheat through a hidden Markov model-based method. Based on multiple alignment, these genes were grouped into 40 gene clusters, including the duplicated gene clusters TaCMF6 and TaCMF8, each tandemly arranged near the telomere. The phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into eight groups. The transcriptome analysis using leaf tissues collected before, during, and after vernalization revealed 49 upregulated and 31 downregulated CCT genes during vernalization, further validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Among the differentially expressed and well-investigated CCT gene clusters analyzed in this study, TaCMF11, TaCO18, TaPRR95, TaCMF6, and TaCO16 were induced during vernalization but decreased immediately after vernalization, while TaCO1, TaCO15, TaCO2, TaCMF8, and TaPPD1 were stably suppressed during and after vernalization. These data imply that some vernalization related CCT genes other than VRN2 may exist in wheat. This study improves our understanding of CCT genes and provides a foundation for further research on CCT genes related to vernalization in wheat.

ON THE INHIBITION OF FROST HARDENING OF WINTER WHEAT BY BASF 13-338, A DERIVATIVE OF PYRIDAZINONE

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. WILLEMOT ◽  
H. J. HOPE ◽  
J. C. ST-PIERRE
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Frost Hardening ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Simultaneous Inhibition

BASF 13-338, a derivative of pyridazinone, inhibits photosynthesis without affecting. respiration in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at low temperature. This inhibition could account for the previously reported inhibition of frost hardening. Therefore, simultaneous inhibition of linolenic acid accumulation and of frost hardening are probably not causally related.

Diagnosis of nitrogen nutrition in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) via SPAD-502 and GreenSeeker

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao HU ◽  
You-Lu BAI ◽  
Li-Ping YANG ◽  
Yan-Li LU ◽  
Lei WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition

scholarly journals Naturally Occurring Ecdysteroids in Triticum aestivum L. and Evaluation of Fenarimol as a Potential Inhibitor of Their Biosynthesis in Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2855
Author(s):  
Anna Janeczko ◽  
Jana Oklestkova ◽  
Danuše Tarkowská ◽  
Barbara Drygaś
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Potential Use

Ecdysteroids (ECs) are steroid hormones originally found in the animal kingdom where they function as insect molting hormones. Interestingly, a relatively high number of these substances can also be formed in plant cells. Moreover, ECs have certain regulatory effects on plant physiology, but their role in plants still requires further study. One of the main aims of the present study was to verify a hypothesis that fenarimol, an inhibitor of the biosynthesis of ECs in the animal kingdom, also affects the content of endogenous ECs in plants using winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. as a model plant. The levels of endogenous ECs in winter wheat, including the estimation of their changes during a course of different temperature treatments, have been determined using a sensitive analytical method based on UHPLC-MS/MS. Under our experimental conditions, four substances of EC character were detected in the tissue of interest in amounts ranging from less than 1 to over 200 pg·g−1 FW: 20-hydroxyecdysone, polypodine B, turkesterone, and isovitexirone. Among them, turkesterone was observed to be the most abundant EC and accumulated mainly in the crowns and leaves of wheat. Importantly, the level of ECs was observed to be dependent on the age of the plants, as well as on growth conditions (especially temperature). Fenarimol, an inhibitor of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, was shown to significantly decrease the level of naturally occurring ECs in experimental plants, which may indicate its potential use in studies related to the biosynthesis and physiological function of these substances in plants.

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