scholarly journals Biomimetic cellulose-based superabsorbent hydrogels for treating obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Madaghiele ◽  
Christian Demitri ◽  
Ivo Surano ◽  
Alessandra Silvestri ◽  
Milena Vitale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Organ Culture ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Superabsorbent Hydrogel ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
The Us ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

AbstractIn the treatment of obesity, nutritional and behavioral modifications are difficult to implement and maintain. Since vegetable consumption is a fundamental part of many dietary interventions and daily nutrient requirements, we developed a novel cellulose-based superabsorbent hydrogel (CB-SAH) platform, inspired by the composition and mechanical properties of raw vegetables, as a mechanobiological therapy. The CB-SAHs properties were studied in a simulated gastrointestinal environment, while their impact on gut tissue was investigated by an ex vivo organ culture (EVOC) model. Functional fibers and raw vegetables were used as reference. CB-SAHs demonstrated orders of magnitude higher elasticity in comparison to the tested functional fibers, however performed similar to the tested raw vegetables. Notably, the biomimetic CB-SAHs with elasticity levels similar to raw vegetables showed benefits in preserving and regulating the gut tissue in the EVOC model. Non-systemic oral mechanotherapeutics based on this technology were advanced through clinical studies, with a first product cleared as an aid for weight management in the US and Europe.

Bench-Top Validation Tests for Tissue-Engineered Arteries

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn Chin Quee ◽  
Hai-Chao Han ◽  
David N. Ku
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Vascular Grafts ◽  
Living System ◽  
Organ Culture System ◽  
Flow Pressure ◽  
Validation Tests

Abstract Standard tests are needed for evaluating and comparing the mechanical and biological functions of tissue engineered arteries and other vascular grafts. We propose an ex vivo organ culture system as a living system for testing tissue-engineered vascular grafts. This bench-top organ culture system mimics the physiological environment of arteries including the flow, pressure, and the axial stretch. Arterial mechanical properties and physiologic functions including compliance, burst pressure, and contractile functions can be assessed before an expensive long-term animal test is initiated. Test results of natural arteries indicate that organ culture is a valid model for comprehensive evaluation of tissue-engineered vascular grafts.

Axial Stretch Increases Cell Proliferation in Arteries in Organ Culture

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Chao Han ◽  
Raymond P. Vito ◽  
Kristin Michael ◽  
David N. Ku
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Organ Culture ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Axial Stretch ◽  
Organ Culture System ◽  
Physiological Flow

Abstract To study the effect of axial stretch on vascular function and wall remodeling, porcine carotid arteries were cultured under conditions of physiological flow and elevated axial stretch in an ex vivo organ culture system. Smooth muscle cell proliferation was measured by bromodeoxyuridine index. Results showed that cell proliferation was significantly increased in the highly stretched arteries when compared to the normally stretched arteries. This may indicate the feasibility of stimulating new arterial growth by stretching natural arteries.

scholarly journals Ex vivo infiltration of fibroblasts into the tendon deteriorates the mechanical properties of tendon fascicles but not those of tendon bundles

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunari Ikema ◽  
Harukazu Tohyama ◽  
Ei Yamamoto ◽  
Fuminori Kanaya ◽  
Kazunori Yasuda
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ex Vivo

An ex vivo model of human corneal rim perfusion organ culture

2021 ◽  
pp. 108891
Author(s):  
Michael Peng ◽  
Tyler J. Margetts ◽  
Chenna Kesavulu Sugali ◽  
Naga Pradeep Rayana ◽  
Jiannong Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ex Vivo Model

scholarly journals Kinetic Cytokine Secretion Profile of LPS-Induced Inflammation in the Human Skin Organ Culture

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raanan Gvirtz ◽  
Navit Ogen-Shtern ◽  
Guy Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cytokine Secretion ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Local Skin ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Skin Organ Culture

Several in vitro models that mimic different aspects of local skin inflammation exist. The use of ex vivo human skin organ culture (HSOC) has been reported previously. However, comprehensive evaluation of the cytokine secretory capacity of the system and its kinetics has not been performed. Objective: the aim of the current study was to investigate the levels and secretion pattern of key cytokine from human skin tissue upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. HSOC maintained in an air–liquid interface was used. Epidermal and tissue viability was monitored by MTT and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay, respectively. Cytokine levels were examined by ELISA and multiplex array. HSOCs were treated without or with three different LPS subtypes and the impact on IL-6 and IL-8 secretion was evaluated. The compounds enhanced the secreted levels of both cytokines. However, differences were observed in their efficacy and potency. Next, a kinetic multiplex analysis was performed on LPS-stimulated explants taken from three different donors to evaluate the cytokine secretion pattern during 0–72 h post-induction. The results revealed that the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, TNFα and IL-1β were up-regulated by LPS stimuli. IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was also induced by LPS, but exhibited a different secretion pattern, peak time and maximal stimulation values. IL-1α and IL-15 showed donor-specific changes. Lastly, dexamethasone attenuated cytokine secretion in five independent repetitions, supporting the ability of the system to be used for drug screening. The collective results demonstrate that several cytokines can be used as valid inflammatory markers, regardless of changes in the secretion levels due to donor’s specific alterations.

scholarly journals Harmonic motion imaging of human breast masses: an in vivo clinical feasibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niloufar Saharkhiz ◽  
Richard Ha ◽  
Bret Taback ◽  
Xiaoyue Judy Li ◽  
Rachel Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cancerous Tissue ◽  
Breast Masses ◽  
Harmonic Motion ◽  
Harmonic Motion Imaging ◽  
Motion Imaging

Abstract Non-invasive diagnosis of breast cancer is still challenging due to the low specificity of the imaging modalities that calls for unnecessary biopsies. The diagnostic accuracy can be improved by assessing the breast tissue mechanical properties associated with pathological changes. Harmonic motion imaging (HMI) is an elasticity imaging technique that uses acoustic radiation force to evaluate the localized mechanical properties of the underlying tissue. Herein, we studied the in vivo feasibility of a clinical HMI system to differentiate breast tumors based on their relative HMI displacements, in human subjects. We performed HMI scans in 10 female subjects with breast masses: five benign and five malignant masses. Results revealed that both benign and malignant masses were stiffer than the surrounding tissues. However, malignant tumors underwent lower mean HMI displacement (1.1 ± 0.5 µm) compared to benign tumors (3.6 ± 1.5 µm) and the adjacent non-cancerous tissue (6.4 ± 2.5 µm), which allowed to differentiate between tumor types. Additionally, the excised breast specimens of the same patients (n = 5) were imaged post-surgically, where there was an excellent agreement between the in vivo and ex vivo findings, confirmed with histology. Higher displacement contrast between cancerous and non-cancerous tissue was found ex vivo, potentially due to the lower nonlinearity in the elastic properties of ex vivo tissue. This preliminary study lays the foundation for the potential complementary application of HMI in clinical practice in conjunction with the B-mode to classify suspicious breast masses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document