scholarly journals Possibility of adiponectin use to improve islet transplantation outcomes

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoaki Sakata ◽  
Gumpei Yoshimatsu ◽  
Kiyoshi Chinen ◽  
Ryo Kawakami ◽  
Shohta Kodama

AbstractAlthough islet transplantation (ITx) is a promising therapy for severe diabetes mellitus, further advancements are necessary. Adiponectin, an adipokine that regulates lipid and glucose metabolism, exerts favorable effects on islets, such as reinforcement of the insulin-releasing function. This study evaluated the possibility of adiponectin use to improve ITx outcomes. We treated mouse islets with 10 µg/mL recombinant mouse adiponectin by overnight culture and then assessed the insulin-releasing, angiogenic, and adhesion functions of the islets. Furthermore, 80 syngeneic islet equivalents with or without adiponectin treatment were transplanted into the renal subcapsular space of diabetic mice. In in vitro assessment, released insulin at high glucose stimulation, insulin content, and expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor and integrin β1 were improved in adiponectin-treated islets. Furthermore, adiponectin treatment improved the therapeutic effect of ITx on blood glucose levels and promoted angiogenesis of the transplanted islets. However, the therapeutic effect was not pronounced in glucose tolerance test results. In conclusion, adiponectin treatment had preferable effects in the insulin-releasing, angiogenic, and adhesion functions of islets and contributed to the improvement of ITx. The future use of adiponectin treatment in clinical settings to improve ITx outcomes should be investigated.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoaki Sakata ◽  
Gumpei Yoshimatsu ◽  
Kiyoshi Chinen ◽  
Ryo Kawakami ◽  
Shohta Kodama

Abstract Islet transplantation (ITx), a promising therapy for severe diabetes mellitus, needs further evolution. Adiponectin, an adipokine that regulates lipid and glucose metabolism, has some benefits that may improve (e.g., reinforcement of insulin-releasing function). This study attempted to evaluate the possibility of adiponectin for ITx improvement. Mouse islets were treated with 10 µg/mL recombinant mouse adiponectin by overnight culture (defined as adiponectin (+)). The islets’ insulin-releasing, angiogenic, and adhesion functions were assessed and compared with islets without adiponectin treatment (adiponectin (−)). Furthermore, 80 syngeneic islets, with or without adiponectin treatment, were transplanted into the renal subcapsular space of diabetic mice. In vitro assessment showed improved insulin-releasing, angiogenic, and adhesion functions adiponectin (+). Moreover, released insulin volume at high glucose stimulation, insulin content, and expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor and integrin β1 were improved in islets with adiponectin treatment. Furthermore, the ITx therapeutic effect with adiponectin treatment was partial. There was a significant improvement in blood glucose levels in adiponectin (+). No significant differences were noted in plasma insulin and area under the curve of blood glucose level in glucose tolerance test. In conclusion, adiponectin has various usefulness for improving ITx outcomes. Thus, further studies are necessary for this possibility.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Long Shi ◽  
Yi-Dan Liu ◽  
Yun-Yun Yuan ◽  
Da Song ◽  
Mei-Feng Qi ◽  
...  

Norathyriol is a metabolite of mangiferin. Mangiferin has been reported to inhibit α-glucosidase. To the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted to determine or compare those two compounds on inhibiting α-glucosidase in vitro and in vivo by far. In this study, we determined the inhibitory activity of norathyriol and mangiferin on α-glucosidase in vitro and evaluated their antidiabetic effect in diabetic mice. The results showed that norathyriol inhibited α-glucosidase in a noncompetitive manner with an IC50 value of 3.12 μM, which is more potent than mangiferin (IC50 = 358.54 μM) and positive drug acarbose (IC50 = 479.2 μM) in the zymological experiment. Both of norathyriol and mangiferin caused significant (p<0.05) reduction in fasting blood glucose and the blood glucose levels at two hours after carbohydrate loading and it was interesting that mangiferin and norathyriol can make the decline of the blood glucose earlier than other groups ever including normal group in the starch tolerance test. However, norathyriol and mangiferin did not significantly influence carbohydrate absorption in the glucose tolerance test. Therefore, the antidiabetic effects of norathyriol and mangiferin might be associated with α-glucosidase, and norathyriol was more potent than mangiferin.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Enam Aku MOTTO ◽  
Povi Lawson-Evi ◽  
Yendube Kantati ◽  
Kwashie Eklu-Gadegbeku ◽  
Kodjo Aklikokou ◽  
...  

Anogeissus leiocarpus (Combretaceae) is a medicinal plant used by traditional practitioners to treat people living with diabetes mellitus in Togo. The objective of this work was to evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of the plant. The hydroalcoholic extract and fractions of A. leiocarpus roots was evaluated on hyperglycemic mice by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and on normoglycemic mice. The effect of the total extract and fractions was also measured on the adsorption and absorption of glucose respectively in vitro and ex vivo. At 30 minutes after glucose overload, the total extract and all fractions (supernatant and pellet) significantly (p< 0.0001) reduced hyperglycemia compared to controls. However, this reduction in hyperglycemia was greater in mice treated with the supernatant fraction at 100 mg.kg-1 during 180 minutes (p < 0.01). In our conditions, the extract at the 500 mg.kg-1 of the total extract in normoglycemic mice did not significantly decrease (p>0.05) basal blood glucose levels compared to controls. In vitro, the extract and fractions of A. leiocarpus adsorbed glucose and inhibited glucose intestinal absorption ex vivo. The results of this study support the use of A. leiocarpus as an antidiabetic plant. Keywords:  Anogeissus leiocarpus- fractions- antihyperglycemic- adsorption – absorption.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morad Hebi ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks

Background: Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr, is a perennial species, woody distributed throughout the north of Africa. This plant is used in traditional Mediterranean preparations and has many traditional uses especially treatment of diabetes. Aim/Methods: The current research was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Aerial Parts of Aqueous Extract (APAE) of Corrigiola telephiifolia (C. telephiifolia) on both normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats treated at a dose of 5 mg/kg for fifteen days. Additionally, the histopathological changes in the liver, morphometric analysis, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) in normal rats and preliminary phytochemical screening for various components were realized. Results: Single oral administration of the APAE of C. telephiifolia (5mg/kg) showed no significant change in glycaemia of normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. In contrast, repeated oral administration of C. telephiifolia reduced blood glucose levels from 4.11 ± 0.10 mmol/L to 3.16 ± 0.16 mmol/L (p<0.01) 15 days after administration in normal rats. Furthermore, blood glucose levels decreased from 17.84 ± 1.75mmol/L to 1.93 ± 0.33 mmol/L (p<0.0001) in STZ diabetic rats after fifteen days of treatment. According to the oral glucose tolerance test, C. telephiifolia (5 mg/kg) was shown to prevent significantly the increase in blood glucose levels in normal treated rats 30 min after glucose administration when compared to the control group. Also, the liver architecture of diabetic rats treated by C. telephiifolia was improved when compared with the liver architecture of untreated diabetic rats. Concerning the preliminary phytochemical screening of C. telephiifolia, several compounds have been found such as polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, mucilage and terpenoids. Conclusion: The results show that the aqueous extract of C. telephiifolia possesses significant antihyperglycemic activity.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4127
Author(s):  
Aline de Cristo Soares Alves ◽  
Franciele Aline Bruinsmann ◽  
Silvia Stanisçuaski Guterres ◽  
Adriana Raffin Pohlmann

Bevacizumab (BCZ) is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against the vascular endothelial growth factor, which is involved in the angiogenesis process. Pathologic angiogenesis is observed in several diseases including ophthalmic disorders and cancer. The multiple administrations of BCZ can cause adverse effects. In this way, the development of controlled release systems for BCZ delivery can promote the modification of drug pharmacokinetics and, consequently, decrease the dose, toxicity, and cost due to improved efficacy. This review highlights BCZ formulated in organic nanoparticles providing an overview of the physicochemical characterization and in vitro and in vivo biological evaluations. Moreover, the main advantages and limitations of the different approaches are discussed. Despite difficulties in working with antibodies, those nanocarriers provided advantages in BCZ protection against degradation guaranteeing bioactivity maintenance.


Author(s):  
Kamil Wartalski ◽  
Gabriela Gorczyca ◽  
Jerzy Wiater ◽  
Zbigniew Tabarowski ◽  
Małgorzata Duda

AbstractEndothelial cells (ECs), the primary component of the vasculature, play a crucial role in neovascularization. However, the number of endogenous ECs is inadequate for both experimental purposes and clinical applications. Porcine ovarian putative stem cells (poPSCs), although not pluripotent, are characterized by great plasticity. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether poPSCs have the potential to differentiate into cells of endothelial lineage. poPSCs were immunomagnetically isolated from postnatal pig ovaries based on the presence of SSEA-4 protein. Expression of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) markers after pre-culture, both at the level of mRNA: ITGB1, THY, and ENG and corresponding protein: CD29, CD90, and CD105 were significantly higher compared to the control ovarian cortex cells. To differentiate poPSCs into ECs, inducing medium containing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), ascorbic acid, and heparin was applied. After 14 days, poPSC differentiation into ECs was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining for vascular endothelial cadherin (VECad) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). Semi-quantitative WB analysis of these proteins confirmed their high abundance. Additionally, qRT-PCR showed that mRNA expression of corresponding marker genes: CDH5, KDR was significantly higher compared with undifferentiated poPSCs. Finally, EC functional status was confirmed by the migration test that revealed that they were capable of positive chemotaxis, while tube formation assay demonstrated their ability to develop capillary networks. In conclusion, our results provided evidence that poPSCs may constitute the MSC population in the ovary and confirmed that they might be a potential source of ECs for tissue engineering.


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