scholarly journals Amorphous nanoparticles in clays, soils and marine sediments analyzed with a small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) method

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhiro Tsukimura ◽  
Youko Miyoshi ◽  
Tetsuich Takagi ◽  
Masaya Suzuki ◽  
Shin-ichiro Wada
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Volcanic Origin ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
As Adsorption ◽  
Amorphous Nanoparticles ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractThis paper describes the amounts and size distributions of amorphous nanoparticles in clays, soils and marine sediments, and the effect of amorphous nanoparticles on the properties of clays, soils and marine sediments. So far aluminum–silicate amorphous nanoparticles such as allophane were observed only in soils of volcanic origin with a transmission electron microscope, and thus most people believed that aluminum–silicate amorphous nanoparticles were present only in soils of special origin. Recently, a method has been devised to quantify amorphous nanoparticles by using small angle X-ray scattering intensity. Using the method, we have quantified amorphous nanoparticles in clays, soils and marine sediments, and have found that all clays, soils and marine sediments measured in this study contain large amounts of amorphous nanoparticles. On the basis of this result, we have concluded that large amounts of amorphous nanoparticles are ubiquitously formed from rocks when the rocks are weathered or altered. We have also found that the amorphous nanoparticles affect the properties of clays, such as adsorption properties and plasticity. These findings show that amorphous nanoparticles play an important role in clays, soils and marine sediments.

scholarly journals Alpha helical surfactant-like peptides self-assemble into pH-dependent nanostructures

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3096-3104
Author(s):  
Valeria Castelletto ◽  
Jani Seitsonen ◽  
Janne Ruokolainen ◽  
Ian W. Hamley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ph Dependent ◽  
Ray Scattering

A designed surfactant-like peptide is shown, using a combination of cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering, to have remarkable pH-dependent self-assembly properties.

Characterizing nanoparticles with a laboratory diffractometer: from small-angle to total X-ray scattering

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
pp. S47-S53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Sommariva ◽  
Milen Gateshki ◽  
Jan-André Gertenbach ◽  
Joerg Bolze ◽  
Uwe König ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Bragg Diffraction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Pdf Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Ray Scattering

X-ray diffraction and scattering on a single multipurpose X-ray platform have been used to probe the structure, composition, and thermal behavior of TiO2 nanoparticles ranging in size from 1 to 10 nm. Ambient and non-ambient Bragg diffraction, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), as well as total scattering and pair-distribution function (PDF) analysis are combined to obtain a comprehensive picture of the samples. At these ultrasmall particle-size dimensions, SAXS and PDF prove powerful in distinguishing the salient features of the materials, in particular the size distribution of the primary particles (SAXS) and the identification of the TiO2 polymorphs (PDF). Structural features determined by X-ray scattering techniques are corroborated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The elemental make-up of the materials has been measured using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis.

scholarly journals Thermoresponsive polymer assemblies via variable temperature liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy and small angle X-ray scattering

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Korpanty ◽  
Lucas R. Parent ◽  
Nicholas Hampu ◽  
Steven Weigand ◽  
Nathan C. Gianneschi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Temperature Liquid ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractHerein, phase transitions of a class of thermally-responsive polymers, namely a homopolymer, diblock, and triblock copolymer, were studied to gain mechanistic insight into nanoscale assembly dynamics via variable temperature liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy (VT-LCTEM) correlated with variable temperature small angle X-ray scattering (VT-SAXS). We study thermoresponsive poly(diethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (PDEGMA)-based block copolymers and mitigate sample damage by screening electron flux and solvent conditions during LCTEM and by evaluating polymer survival via post-mortem matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS). Our multimodal approach, utilizing VT-LCTEM with MS validation and VT-SAXS, is generalizable across polymeric systems and can be used to directly image solvated nanoscale structures and thermally-induced transitions. Our strategy of correlating VT-SAXS with VT-LCTEM provided direct insight into transient nanoscale intermediates formed during the thermally-triggered morphological transformation of a PDEGMA-based triblock. Notably, we observed the temperature-triggered formation and slow relaxation of core-shell particles with complex microphase separation in the core by both VT-SAXS and VT-LCTEM.

scholarly journals Comparative characterisation of non-monodisperse gold nanoparticle populations by X-ray scattering and electron microscopy

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 12007-12013
Author(s):  
Ye Yang ◽  
Suiyang Liao ◽  
Zhi Luo ◽  
Runzhang Qi ◽  
Niamh Mac Fhionnlaoich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ray Scattering

A cross-method comparison for quasi-monodisperse, polydisperse and bimodal gold nanoparticles of 2–7 nm in diameter between conventional image analysis of transmission electron micrographs and small-angle X-ray scattering with form-free Monte Carlo fitting.

Observations of G-P Zone Reversion in Al-Zn-Mg Alloys by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering and Transmission Electron Microscopy

1965 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 59-73
Author(s):  
R. W. Gould ◽  
E. A. Starke
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Mg Alloys ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractA study of the reversion process in Al-Zn-Mg alloys has been made using small-angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The rate and mode of Guinier-Preston zone dissolutions was investigated as a function of magnesium content, prior zone radius, and reversion temperature. Results indicate that in this system the reversion process is characterized by the preferential dissolution of the smallest G-P zones present after cold aging with a corresponding decrease in the volume fraction of zones. The amount of reversion at a specific temperature is dependent on magnesium content, however, the rate of reversion is independent of magnesium content.

Ultra Small Angle X-Ray Scattering Characterization of Temperature-Sensitive Ferrogels Prepared Using Magnetic Nanoparticles

2013 ◽  
Vol 1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamlesh J. Suthar ◽  
Muralidhar K. Ghantasala ◽  
Derrick C. Mancini ◽  
Jan Ilavsky
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Quantum Interference ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hydrogel Particle ◽  
Ray Scattering

ABSTRACTTemperature-sensitive ferrogel prepared using Fe3O4 nanoparticles are characterized under varying temperature conditions. The nanoparticles were distributed in Nisopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) during their polymerization to form hydrogel. Particle distribution and agglomeration characteristics of the prepared ferrogels were investigated using ultra small angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) at various temperatures through the Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to estimate the particle size distribution. The magnetic property was investigated using direct current superconducting quantum interference device (DC-SQUID) under hydrated conditions. The USAXS analysis showed an increase in the volume of particles without changing the agglomeration characteristics as the temperature is increased during the measurements. The ferrogel did not show any sedimentation or particle detachment from the gel under thermal cycling. Details of our results and analysis are presented.

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