scholarly journals Location and temporal memory of objects declines in aged marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa De Castro ◽  
Pascal Girard
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Home Cage ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Temporal Memory ◽  
Inter Trial Interval ◽  
Real Objects ◽  
Spontaneous Exploration

AbstractEpisodic memory decline is an early marker of cognitive aging in human. Although controversial in animals and called “episodic-like memory”, several models have been successfully developed, however they rarely focused on ageing. While marmoset is an emerging primate model in aging science, episodic-like memory has never been tested in this species and importantly in aged marmosets. Here, we examined if the recall of the what-when and what-where building blocks of episodic-like memory declines in ageing marmosets. We developed a naturalistic approach using spontaneous exploration of real objects by young and old marmosets in the home cage. We implemented a three-trial task with 1 week inter-trial interval. Two different sets of identical objects were presented in sample trials 1 and 2, respectively. For the test trial, two objects from each set were presented in a former position and two in a new one. We quantified the exploratory behaviour and calculated discrimination indices in a cohort of 20 marmosets. Young animals presented a preserved memory for combined what-where, and what-when components of the experiment, which declined with aging. These findings lead one to expect episodic-like memory deficits in aged marmosets.

Impact of Personality on Cognitive Aging: A Prospective Cohort Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 765-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Caselli ◽  
Amylou C. Dueck ◽  
Dona E.C. Locke ◽  
Bruce R. Henslin ◽  
Travis A. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Executive Skills ◽  
Visuospatial Skills ◽  
Visuospatial Perception

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this study was to assess the association between personality factors and age-related longitudinal cognitive performance, and explore interactions of stress-proneness with apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4, a prevalent risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: A total of 510 neuropsychiatrically healthy residents of Maricopa County recruited through media ads (mean age 57.6±10.6 years; 70% women; mean education 15.8±2.4 years; 213 APOE ɛ4 carriers) had neuropsychological testing every 2 years (mean duration follow-up 9.1±4.4 years), and the complete Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Personality Inventory-Revised. Several tests were administered within each of the following cognitive domains: memory, executive skills, language, visuospatial skills, and general cognition. Primary effects on cognitive trajectories and APOE ɛ4 interactions were ascertained with quadratic models. Results: With personality factors treated as continuous variables, Neuroticism was associated with greater decline, and Conscientiousness associated with reduced decline consistently across tests in memory and executive domains. With personality factors trichotomized, the associations of Neuroticism and Conscientiousness were again highly consistent across tests within memory and to a lesser degree executive domains. While age-related memory decline was greater in APOE ɛ4 carriers as a group than ɛ4 noncarriers, verbal memory decline was mitigated in ɛ4 carriers with higher Conscientiousness, and visuospatial perception and memory decline was mitigated in ɛ4 carriers with higher Openness. Conclusions: Neuroticism and Conscientiousness were associated with changes in longitudinal performances on tests sensitive to memory and executive skills. APOE interactions were less consistent. Our findings are consistent with previous studies that have suggested that personality factors, particularly Neuroticism and Conscientiousness are associated with cognitive aging patterns. (JINS, 2016, 22, 765–776)

Temporal memory deficits in Alzheimer's mouse models: rescue by genetic deletion of BACE1

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masuo Ohno ◽  
Lei Chang ◽  
Wilbur Tseng ◽  
Holly Oakley ◽  
Martin Citron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Models ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Temporal Memory ◽  
Genetic Deletion

scholarly journals Memory deficits in males and females long after subchronic immune challenge

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Tchessalova ◽  
Natalie C. Tronson
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Immune Challenge ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Brain Barrier Permeability ◽  
Major Illness

ABSTRACTMemory impairments and cognitive decline persist long after recovery from major illness or injury, and correlate with increased risk of later dementia. Here we developed a subchronic peripheral immune challenge model to examine delayed and persistent memory impairments in females and in males. We show that intermittent injections of either lipopolysaccharide or Poly I:C cause memory decline in both sexes that are evident eight weeks after the immune challenge. Importantly, we observed sex-specific patterns of deficits. Females showed impairments in object recognition one week after challenge that persisted for at least eight weeks. In contrast, males had intact memory one week after the immune challenge but exhibited broad impairments in memory tasks including object recognition, and both context and tone fear conditioning several months later. The differential patterns of memory deficits in males and in females were observed without sustained microglial activation or changes in blood-brain barrier permeability. Together, these data suggest that transient neuroimmune activity results in differential vulnerabilities of females and males to memory decline after immune challenge. This model will be an important tool for determining the mechanisms in both sexes that contribute to memory impairments that develop over the weeks and months after recovery from illness. Future studies using this model will provide new insights into the role of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of long-lasting memory decline and dementias.

scholarly journals L-655,708 does not prevent isoflurane-induced memory deficits in old mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teng Gao ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Zifang Zhao ◽  
Yuan Luo ◽  
Lifang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Subtype A ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Young Mice

Abstract Background General anesthesia and increasing age are two main risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Effective agents for the prevention or treatment of POCD are urgently needed. L-655,708, an inverse agonist of α5 subunit-containing γ-aminobutyric acid subtype A (α5GABAA) receptors, can prevent anesthesia-induced memory deficits in young animals. However, there is a lack of evidence of its efficacy in old animals. Methodology Young (3- to 5-month-old) and old (18- to 20-month-old) mice were given an inhalation of 1.33% isoflurane for 1 hour and their associative memory was evaluated 24 hours after anesthesia using fear-conditioning tests (FCTs). To evaluate the effect of L-655,708, mice received intraperitoneal injections of L-655,708 (0.7 mg/kg) or vehicle 30 minutes before anesthesia. Results Old mice exhibited impaired memory and lower hippocampal α5GABAA levels than young mice under physiological conditions. Pre-injections of L-655,708 significantly alleviated isoflurane-induced memory decline in young mice, but not in old mice. Conclusions L-655,708 is not as effective for the prevention of POCD in old mice as it is in young mice. The use of inverse agonists of α5GABAA in preventing POCD in old patients should be carefully considered.

The Executive Decline Hypothesis of Cognitive Aging: Do Executive Deficits Qualify as Differential Deficits and Do They Mediate Age-Related Memory Decline?

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Crawford ◽  
Janet Bryan ◽  
Mary A. Luszcz ◽  
Marc C. Obonsawin ◽  
Lesley Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Executive Deficits

scholarly journals Sex-Based Memory Advantages and Cognitive Aging: A Challenge to the Cognitive Reserve Construct?

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Caselli ◽  
Amylou C. Dueck ◽  
Dona E.C. Locke ◽  
Leslie C. Baxter ◽  
Bryan K. Woodruff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Logical Memory ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
Selective Reminding Test

AbstractEducation and related proxies for cognitive reserve (CR) are confounded by associations with environmental factors that correlate with cerebrovascular disease possibly explaining discrepancies between studies examining their relationships to cognitive aging and dementia. In contrast, sex-related memory differences may be a better proxy. Since they arise developmentally, they are less likely to reflect environmental confounds. Women outperform men on verbal and men generally outperform women on visuospatial memory tasks. Furthermore, memory declines during the preclinical stage of AD, when it is clinically indistinguishable from normal aging. To determine whether CR mitigates age-related memory decline, we examined the effects of gender and APOE genotype on longitudinal memory performances. Memory decline was assessed in a cohort of healthy men and women enriched for APOE ɛ4 who completed two verbal [Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), Buschke Selective Reminding Test (SRT)] and two visuospatial [Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (CFT), and Benton Visual Retention Test (VRT)] memory tests, as well as in a separate larger and older cohort [National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC)] who completed a verbal memory test (Logical Memory). Age-related memory decline was accelerated in APOE ɛ4 carriers on all verbal memory measures (AVLT, p=.03; SRT p<.001; logical memory p<.001) and on the VRT p=.006. Baseline sex associated differences were retained over time, but no sex differences in rate of decline were found for any measure in either cohort. Sex-based memory advantage does not mitigate age-related memory decline in either APOE ɛ4 carriers or non-carriers. (JINS, 2015, 21, 95–104)

Interaction of cognitive aging and memory deficits related to epilepsy surgery

2002 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Helmstaedter ◽  
Markus Reuber ◽  
Christian C. E. Elger
Keyword(s):  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Aging And Memory

scholarly journals Cross-national differences in the association between retirement and memory decline

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Mäcken ◽  
Alicia Riley ◽  
Maria M Glymour
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Stressful Life Event ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Word Recall ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Country Level ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Cross National

Abstract Objective Retirement is a potential trigger for cognitive aging as it may be a stressful life event accompanied by changes in everyday activities. However, the consequences of retirement may differ across institutional contexts which shape retirement options. Comparing memory trajectories before and after retirement in 17 European countries, this study aims to identify cross-national differences in the association between retirement and memory decline. Methods Respondents to the longitudinal Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE; N=8,646) aged 50+ who were in paid work at baseline and retired during the observation period completed up to 6 memory assessments (immediate and delayed word recall) over 13 years. Three-level (time-points, individuals, countries) linear mixed models with country level random slopes for retirement were estimated to evaluate whether memory decline accelerated after retirement and if this association differed between countries. Results On average, retirement was associated with a moderate decrement in word recall (b= -0.273, 95% CI -0.441, -0.104) and memory decline accelerated after retirement (b= -0.044, 95% CI -0.070, -0.018). Significant between-country heterogeneity in memory decline after retirement existed (variance=0.047,95% CI (0.013,0.168). Memory decline after retirement was more rapid in Italy, Greece, Czech Republic, Poland, Portugal, and Estonia compared to Northern and Central European countries. Discussion Memory decline post-retirement was faster in Mediterranean and eastern European countries, which are characterized by less generous welfare systems with comparatively low pension benefits. Evaluation of resources that could protect retirees from memory decline would be valuable.

scholarly journals Mild cognitive impairment: animal models

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Transitional State ◽  
Rats And Mice

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an aspect of cognitive aging that is considered to be a transitional state between normal aging and the dementia into which it may convert. Appropriate animal models are necessary in order to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of MCI and develop drugs for its treatment. In this review, we identify the features that should characterize an animal model of MCI, namely old age, subtle memory impairment, mild neuropathological changes, and changes in the cholinergic system, and the age at which these features can be detected in laboratory animals. These features should occur in aging animals with normal motor activity and feeding behavior. The animal models may be middle-aged rats and mice, rats with brain ischemia, transgenic mice overexpressing amyloid precursor protein and presenilin 1 (tested at an early stage), or aging monkeys. Memory deficits can be detected by selecting appropriately difficult behavioral tasks, and the deficits can be associated with neuropathological alterations. The reviewed literature demonstrates that, under certain conditions, these animal species can be considered to be MCI models, and that cognitive impairment in these models responds to drug treatment.

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