Description of larval morphology and phylogenetic relationships of Heterotemna tenuicornis (Silphidae)

AbstractProviding clear and detailed morphological descriptions of endemic species in limited areas enables new knowledge of their biology and ecology to be obtained through citizen science. This information can be further used for their protection. Our study presents the first morphological description of the larvae of all three instars of Heterotemna tenuicornis (Brullé, 1836), an endemic species of the Canary Islands that, together with H. britoi García & Pérez, 1996 and H. figurata (Brullé, 1839), belongs to the peculiar genus Heterotemna Wollaston, 1864. Furthermore, we present the first sequences of two mitochondrial genes (COI, 16S) obtained from larval specimens, and cross reference them with sequences from an adult specimen. Phylogenetic analysis of molecular data placed the genus Heterotemna within the genus Silpha Linnaeus, 1758, suggesting paraphyly of Silpha. In our study, we underline the importance of using a combination of morphological description and molecular data, that can be used for barcoding developmental stages which could not otherwise be definitely associated.

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Larval morphology in four species of Hylarana from Vietnam and Thailand with comments on the taxonomy of H. nigrovittata sensu latu (Anura: Ranidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2051.1.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2051 (1) ◽

pp. 1-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

ANNA GAWOR ◽

RALF HENDRIX ◽

MIGUEL VENCES ◽

WOLFGANG BÖHME ◽

THOMAS ZIEGLER

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Body Shape ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Species Level ◽

Larval Morphology ◽

Chiang Mai ◽

Central Vietnam ◽

Wide Gap ◽

Morphological Differences

We describe the tadpole morphology of four species of Hylarana based on larval specimens identified by DNA barcoding. Of these, the larvae of Hylarana attigua and H. maosonensis, two species recently recorded from Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, central Vietnam, had not been previously described; in addition, descriptions of the tadpoles of syntopic H. guentheri and H. nigrovitatta are provided as well. The tadpoles of these four species are generalized exotrophic lentic-benthic forms of Orton’s Type 4 with a depressed body shape, dorsolaterally positioned eyes and a moderate height of tail fins. In contrast to the silver-whitish H. guentheri the preserved tadpoles of H. attigua, H. maosonensis and H. nigrovittata are greenish-brown to greyish. The generalized oral discs exhibit a wide gap of marginal papillae on the upper labium and elongated papillae on the lower labium. In general, the keratodont row formulae of the Hylarana species studied herein is 2(2)/3(1) (sometimes 1/3(1) in H. guentheri). Differences between species mainly concern body shape, size in different developmental stages as well as number and shape of oral papillae. H. nigrovittata larvae from near Chiang Mai in northern Thailand mainly differ from Vietnamese specimens in the number and shape of oral papillae. In concert with adult morphological differences and molecular divergences by molecular data this indicates species-level distinctness of the Vietnamese versus the northern Thai populations.

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Fixation, description and DNA barcode of a neotype for Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766) (Tunicata, Ascidiacea)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4353.1.2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4353 (1) ◽

pp. 29 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

RICCARDO BRUNETTI ◽

LUCIA MANNI ◽

FRANCESCO MASTROTOTARO ◽

CARMELA GISSI ◽

FABIO GASPARINI

Keyword(s):

Developmental Stages ◽

Dna Barcode ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Morphological Description ◽

Botryllus Schlosseri ◽

Colonial Ascidian ◽

History Museum ◽

Mitochondrial Coi ◽

Mitochondrial Coi Gene

Botryllus schlosseri is a widespread colonial ascidian commonly considered cosmopolitan and amply used as model for researches ranging from developmental biology to immunobiology. Recently, molecular data lead to hypothesize that the species named B. schlosseri may consist of more than a single taxon. Indeed, five highly divergent clades, named A-E, have been genetically identified and are referred as cryptic species. In this context, and lacking both a type and a detailed morphological description, we believe that it is necessary, as a taxonomic reference point, to designate a neotype and re-describe the species. Therefore, a sample from the Lagoon of Venice (Adriatic Sea, Italy) was deposited as neotype in the Natural History Museum of Venice (Italy), preserved both in formalin and in 90% ethanol. Here we provide a morphological description of the suggested neotype of B. schlosseri that takes into account several developmental stages (oozooid, zooid of first blastogenic generations, and mature zooid) and is carefully compared with the previous descriptions of samples coming from other European and non-European localities. Finally, we associate our morphological description to a “DNA barcode”, consisting in a long fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene. Our description is associated to clade A, although at now we cannot guarantee that this association is univocal.

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Phylogenetic analysis of oligochaete Tubificinae (Annelida:Clitellata) based on mitochondrial sequence data

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is10040 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 208 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ainara Achurra ◽

M. Arantzazu Elejalde ◽

Pilar Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Mitochondrial Genes ◽

Pairwise Distance ◽

Nominal Species ◽

Cryptic Speciation ◽

Allopatric Populations ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Internal Relationships

Partial sequences of the mitochondrial genes 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) were used (1) to resolve the internal relationships of the subfamily Tubificinae (Annelida : Clitellata) and (2) to test the existence of cryptic species within the stygobiont oligochaete Troglodrilus galarzai (Giani & Rodriguez, 1988). Phylogenies were estimated using maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference and parsimony. Although trees were incompletely resolved at intergeneric level, a close relationship between Heterochaeta Claparède, 1863 and Troglodrilus Juget, des Châtelliers & Rodriguez was revealed, and the separation of Lophochaeta ignota Štolc, 1886 and Heterochaeta costata Claparède, 1863 from Tubifex Lamarck, 1816 was corroborated by mitochondrial molecular data. Maximum genetic divergence between allopatric populations of T. galarzai was 18% for COI (uncorrected pairwise distance), suggesting cryptic speciation within this nominal species.

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Description and distribution of Tuber incognitum sp. nov. and Tuber anniae in the Transmexican Volcanic Belt

MycoKeys ◽

10.3897/mycokeys.41.28130 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 17-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Carolina Piña Páez ◽

Gregory M. Bonito ◽

Gonzalo Guevara-Guerrero ◽

Michael A. Castellano ◽

Roberto Garibay-Orijel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

North America ◽

New Record ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Volcanic Belt ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Morphological Description ◽

Ascomycete Fungi ◽

A New Species

The genus Tuber is a lineage of diverse ectomycorrhizal, hypogeous, sequestrate ascomycete fungi that are native to temperate forests in the Northern Hemisphere. Recently, many new species of Tuber have been described in North America and Asia, based on morphological characteristics and molecular data. Here we describe and illustrate a new species, Tuberincognitum, based upon phylogenetic analysis and morphological description. We also present a new record for Tuberanniae in México. These two Tuber species are distributed in the Transmexican Volcanic Belt in the states of México, Michoacán, Guanajuato, Querétaro and Tlaxcala at altitudes between 2,000 and 3,200 meters. These species are associated with Pinus (T.anniae) and Quercus forests (T.incognitum).

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A new species of Cynomops (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from the northwestern slope of the Andes

Mammalia ◽

10.1515/mammalia-2020-0068 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Daniela Arenas-Viveros ◽

Pamela Sánchez-Vendizú ◽

Alan Giraldo ◽

Jorge Salazar-Bravo

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Mtdna Sequences ◽

The Andes ◽

Western Side ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

A New Species ◽

Lines Of Evidence

Abstract The systematics and taxonomy of the broadly distributed bats of the genus Cynomops has changed considerably in the last few years. Among the major changes, Cynomops abrasus was split into two species of large-bodied forms (Cynomops mastivus and C. abrasus) distributed east of the Andes. However, large Colombian specimens identified as C. abrasus from the western side of the Andes had yet to be included in any revisionary work. Phylogenetic analysis performed in this study, using mtDNA sequences (Cytochrome-b), revealed that these Colombian individuals are more closely related to Cynomops greenhalli. Morphological and molecular data allowed us to recognize populations from western Colombia, western Ecuador and northwestern Peru, as members of a new species of Cynomops. Characters that allow for its differentiation from C. greenhalli include a larger forearm, paler but more uniform ventral pelage, more globular braincase, and well-developed zygomatic processes of the maxilla (almost reaching the postorbital constriction). This study serves as another example of the importance of including multiple lines of evidence in the recognition of a new species. Given its rarity and the advanced transformation of its habitat, this new species is particularly important from a conservation perspective.

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Description of a new species of Auriculostoma (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) from Characidium heirmostigmata (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Argentina, using morphological and molecular data

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x21000109 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

Author(s):

M.M. Montes ◽

J. Barneche ◽

Y. Croci ◽

D. Balcazar ◽

A. Almirón ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

National Park ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

The Family ◽

Parasitological Survey ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

A New Species

Abstract During a parasitological survey of fishes at Iguazu National Park, Argentina, specimens belonging to the allocreadiid genus Auriculostoma were collected from the intestine of Characidium heirmostigmata. The erection of the new species is based on a unique combination of morphological traits as well as on phylogenetic analysis. Auriculostoma guacurarii n. sp. resembles four congeneric species – Auriculostoma diagonale, Auriculostoma platense, Auriculostoma tica and Auriculostoma totonacapanensis – in having smooth and oblique testes, but can be distinguished by a combination of several morphological features, hosts association and geographic distribution. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from both A. diagonale and A. platense by the egg size (bigger in the first and smaller in the last); from A. tica by a shorter body length, the genital pore position and the extension of the caeca; and from A. totonacapanensis by the size of the oral and ventral sucker and the post-testicular space. Additionally, one specimen of Auriculostoma cf. stenopteri from the characid Charax stenopterus (Characiformes) from La Plata River, Argentina, was sampled and the partial 28S rRNA gene was sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. guacurarii n. sp. clustered with A. tica and these two as sister taxa to A. cf. stenopteri. The new species described herein is the tenth species in the genus and the first one parasitizing a member of the family Crenuchidae.

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Ultrastructural and molecular characterization of Bacillidium vesiculoformis n. sp. (Microspora: Mrazekiidae) in the freshwater oligochaete Nais simplex (Oligochaeta: Naididae)

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182004006286 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 130 (1) ◽

pp. 31-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

D. J. MORRIS ◽

R. S. TERRY ◽

K. B. FERGUSON ◽

J. E. SMITH ◽

A. ADAMS

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Infected Cell ◽

Host Cell ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Parasite Development ◽

Adhesive Quality ◽

Transmission Studies ◽

A New Species

The development of a new species, Bacillidium vesiculoformis n. sp. (Microspora, Mrazekiidae), is described from the freshwater oligochaete Nais simplex (Oligochaeta, Naididae). Initial stages of parasite development consist of a monokaryotic merogony within a haemocyte of the intestinal blood sinus. The resulting hypertrophied haemocyte is attached to the chloragocytes of the sinus by fine cytoplasmic extensions with the sinus around the cell becoming greatly enlarged. The meronts within the haemocyte form diplokaryotic sporonts that undergo sporogenesis directly within the cytoplasm of the host cell. The infected cell becomes packed with spores and developmental stages, causing it dramatically to increase in size, eventually rupturing the oligochaete and cell. Sporogony appears to be disporoblastic. Released spores were observed to have an adhesive quality. Transmission studies conducted with mature spores failed to transmit the parasite horizontally although vertical transmission was observed. Phylogenetic analysis of the parasite demonstrated that B. vesiculoformis clustered with microsporidian parasites of bryozoa and two other microsporidians, Janacekia debaiseuxi and an unidentified Bacillidium sp.

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Re-description of the Arctic tardigrade Tenuibiotus voronkovi (Tumanov, 2007 (Eutardigrada; Macrobiotidea), with the first molecular data for the genus

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4196.4.2 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4196 (4) ◽

pp. 498 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

KRZYSZTOF ZAWIERUCHA ◽

MAŁGORZATA KOLICKA ◽

ŁUKASZ KACZMAREK

Keyword(s):

Original Description ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽

The Arctic ◽

Morphological Description ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Morphometric Data ◽

Additional Material ◽

Svalbard Archipelago ◽

5.8S Rdna

Tardigrada is phylum of micrometazoans widely distributed throughout the world, because of old descriptions and insufficient morphometric data, many species currently need revision and re-description. Tenuibiotus voronkovi (Tumanov, 2007) is tardigrade previously only recorded from the Svalbard archipelago. This species’ original description was based on two individuals with destroyed claws on the fourth pair of legs and a lack of complete morphometric data for buccal tube and claws. In this paper, we present a re-description of T. voronkovi, supplementing the original description using the original paratype and additional material from Svalbard: Spitsbergen, Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya. This species is characterised by two macroplacoids and a microplacoid, claws of Tenuibiotus type, dentate lunules under claw IV, and faint granulation on legs I–III and strong granulation on the legs IV. We include a new morphological description with microphotographs, morphometric, and molecular data (including: mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), internal transcribed spacers (ITS1–5.8S rDNA–ITS2), and nuclear ribosome subunits 28S rRNA and 18S rRNA). These are the first published molecular data for the genus Tenuibiotus Pilato and Lisi, 2011, analysis of which indicated an affiliation of Tenuibiotus to the family Macrobiotidae. We found no differences in body size between individuals from different islands (Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya), but did observe variability in the eggs. After revision of the literature and the published figures, we concluded that Dastych’s (1985) report of T. willardi (Pilato, 1976) from Svalbard, was actually T. voronkovi, which has the greater distribution in Svalbard, and other Arctic locations, than previously believed.

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Two new freshwater planarian species (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesiidae) partially sympatric in Argentinean Patagonia

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/cjz-2020-0169 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 269-278

Author(s):

M. Lenguas Francavilla ◽

L. Negrete ◽

A. Martínez-Aquino ◽

C. Damborenea ◽

F. Brusa

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Free Living ◽

Mitochondrial Coi ◽

Argentinean Patagonia ◽

The Family ◽

Taxonomic Approach ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Endemic Flora

Girardia Ball, 1974 is the most diverse and widely distributed genus of the family Dugesiidae (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) in the Neotropical region. Seven out of the 52 species of the genus are known for Argentina. The Somuncurá Plateau is a region in northern Patagonia with several endemic flora and fauna, but little is known about the free-living Platyhelminthes. We describe two new species of Girardia partially inhabiting in sympatry in the Somuncurá Plateau: Girardia somuncura sp. nov. and Girardia tomasi sp. nov. The identification criteria that we followed was an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular data. Thus, we used anatomical features focused on the reproductive system, together with a phylogenetic analysis, using a mitochondrial (COI barcode region) genetic marker. This study is the first phylogenetic analysis of the genus Girardia in which we include the southernmost representatives of America here described, thus making it possible to incorporate them in global phylogenies.

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Molecular and Ultrastructural Analysis of a Porocephalus sp. (Arthropoda: Pentastomida) Removed from a Rattlesnake

10.31753/jmas.66_101 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol Vol 66 (1) (January (1)) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Jerome Goddard ◽

Gerald Baker ◽

Petra Jericke ◽

Lawrence Birchman ◽

Ethan Woodward ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Cytochrome C ◽

Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽

Adult Female ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Ultrastructural Analysis ◽

Oxidase Subunit ◽

Data Support ◽

Partial 18S

Ultrastructural and molecular data are provided from a single adult female pentastomid opportunistically collected from a road-killed rattlesnake in Russell, KS. Ultrastructural data consisted of light and SEM microscopy of the pentastomid and its eggs, while molecular data consisted of partial 18S and 28S ribosomal sequences and a partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 sequence from the same specimen used for SEM. Ultrastructural and molecular data support generic identification of the pentastomid as Porocephalus sp. These molecular data were also used with previously published pentastomid sequence data for a concatenated phylogenetic analysis, which support the current, morphology-based taxonomic placement of the genus.

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