scholarly journals West Nile virus transmission potential in Portugal

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Lourenço ◽  
Sílvia C. Barros ◽  
Líbia Zé-Zé ◽  
Daniel S. C. Damineli ◽  
Marta Giovanetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
The South ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Transmission Potential ◽  
Land Type ◽  
The North ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission

AbstractIt is unclear whether West Nile virus (WNV) circulates endemically in Portugal. Despite the country’s adequate climate for transmission, Portugal has only reported four human WNV infections so far. We performed a review of WNV-related data (1966–2020), explored mosquito (2016–2019) and land type distributions (1992–2019), and used climate data (1981–2019) to estimate WNV transmission suitability in Portugal. Serological and molecular evidence of WNV circulation from animals and vectors was largely restricted to the south. Land type and climate-driven transmission suitability distributions, but not the distribution of WNV-capable vectors, were compatible with the North-South divide present in serological and molecular evidence of WNV circulation. Our study offers a comprehensive, data-informed perspective and review on the past epidemiology, surveillance and climate-driven transmission suitability of WNV in Portugal, highlighting the south as a subregion of importance. Given the recent WNV outbreaks across Europe, our results support a timely change towards local, active surveillance.

scholarly journals Comparative Usutu and West Nile virus transmission potential by local Culex pipiens mosquitoes in north-western Europe

One Health ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelke J. Fros ◽  
Pascal Miesen ◽  
Chantal B. Vogels ◽  
Paolo Gaibani ◽  
Vittorio Sambri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Transmission Potential ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals West Nile virus in Portugal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Lourenço ◽  
Sílvia C Barros ◽  
Líbia Zé-Zé ◽  
Daniel SC Damineli ◽  
Marta Giovanetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
The South ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Transmission Potential ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North

AbstractBackgroundWest Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen with a globally expanding geographical range. Many European countries regularly report outbreaks affecting both human and equine populations, with an increase in epidemic activity in the past decade. Portugal, on the far west of Europe, has not yet experienced large outbreaks of WNV, despite its suitable Mediterranean climate.ObjectivesTo provide a comprehensive, data-driven perspective on the past epidemiology, surveillance and transmission suitability of WNV in Portugal.MethodsLiterature and database reviews were performed, covering the period between 1966 and 2020 on existing evidence for WNV circulation. Climatic data was used to estimate the theoretical transmission potential of WNV, and to analyse long-term climate trends between 1981 and 2019.ResultsExisting data show that WNV-capable mosquito species are spread across the country, while WNV molecular and serological evidence is vastly concentrated in the south. Our analyses suggest that two different climate types, characteristic of the north and south of Portugal, contribute to quantitative differences in WNV theoretical transmission potential. This supports the north-south divide observed from previous molecular and serological evidence. Due to long-term changes in local climate, suitability for WNV transmission is shown to have been slowly increasing in the country.DiscussionData and theoretical analyses support the notion that the south of Portugal is more suitable for WNV transmission, while not rejecting the possibility of transmission in the north. Mosquito monitoring has been effective, but surveillance of key sentinel species remains passive, creating important knowledge gaps for epidemic control and public health. To date, evidence supports WNV circulation, but it remains unclear whether it is endemic or sporadically transmitted. This study supports a timely change towards WNV active surveillance, to avoid and mitigate potential public health emergencies as those recently observed in other European countries.

scholarly journals Ecologic Factors Associated with West Nile Virus Transmission, Northeastern United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1539-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi E. Brown ◽  
James E. Childs ◽  
Maria A. Diuk-Wasser ◽  
Durland Fish
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission

LarvicidingCulexspp. (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations in Catch Basins and Its Impact on West Nile Virus Transmission in Urban Parks in Atlanta, GA

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R McMillan ◽  
Rebekah A Blakney ◽  
Daniel G Mead ◽  
Sarah M Coker ◽  
Levi T Morran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
West Nile ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission ◽  
Catch Basins

scholarly journals West Nile virus transmission: results from the integrated surveillance system in Italy, 2008 to 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Rizzo ◽  
Christian Napoli ◽  
Giulietta Venturi ◽  
Simonetta Pupella ◽  
Letizia Lombardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Activity Period ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Time Data ◽  
West Nile ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission

In Italy a national Plan for the surveillance of imported and autochthonous human vector-borne diseases (chikungunya, dengue, Zika virus disease and West Nile virus (WNV) disease) that integrates human and veterinary (animals and vectors) surveillance, is issued and revised annually according with the observed epidemiological changes. Here we describe results of the WNV integrated veterinary and human surveillance systems in Italy from 2008 to 2015. A real time data exchange protocol is in place between the surveillance systems to rapidly identify occurrence of human and animal cases and to define and update the map of affected areas i.e. provinces during the vector activity period from June to October. WNV continues to cause severe illnesses in Italy during every transmission season, albeit cases are sporadic and the epidemiology varies by virus lineage and geographic area. The integration of surveillance activities and a multidisciplinary approach made it possible and have been fundamental in supporting implementation of and/or strengthening preventive measures aimed at reducing the risk of transmission of WNV trough blood, tissues and organ donation and to implementing further measures for vector control.

scholarly journals Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Bloodmeal Sources During a Period of West Nile Virus Transmission in Puerto Rico

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 701-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Barrera ◽  
Manuel Amador ◽  
Ginger Young ◽  
Nicholas Komar
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
West Nile ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission
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