scholarly journals Quantum magnetic monopole condensate

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Diamantini ◽  
C. A. Trugenberger ◽  
V. M. Vinokur
Keyword(s):  
Bose Condensate ◽  
Meissner Effect ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Classical Electrodynamics ◽  
Cooper Pairs ◽  
Quantum Behavior ◽  
Magnetic Symmetry ◽  
Electric Analog ◽  
Classical Particles ◽  
Full Quantum

AbstractDespite decades-long efforts, magnetic monopoles were never found as elementary particles. Monopoles and associated currents were directly measured in experiments and identified as topological quasiparticle excitations in emergent condensed matter systems. These monopoles and the related electric-magnetic symmetry were restricted to classical electrodynamics, with monopoles behaving as classical particles. Here we show that the electric-magnetic symmetry is most fundamental and extends to full quantum behavior. We demonstrate that at low temperatures magnetic monopoles can form a quantum Bose condensate dual to the charge Cooper pair condensate in superconductors. The monopole Bose condensate manifests as a superinsulating state with infinite resistance, dual to superconductivity. The monopole supercurrents result in the electric analog of the Meissner effect and lead to linear confinement of the Cooper pairs by Polyakov electric strings in analogy to quarks in hadrons.

scholarly journals Superinsulators: An Emergent Realisation of Confinement

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Diamantini ◽  
Carlo A. Trugenberger
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Bose Condensate ◽  
Meissner Effect ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Asymptotic Freedom ◽  
Cooper Pairs ◽  
Type Ii Superconductor ◽  
Topological State ◽  
Field Lines

Superinsulators (SI) are a new topological state of matter, predicted by our collaboration and experimentally observed in the critical vicinity of the superconductor-insulator transition (SIT). SI are dual to superconductors and realise electric-magnetic (S)-duality. The effective field theory that describes this topological phase of matter is governed by a compact Chern-Simons in (2+1) dimensions and a compact BF term in (3+1) dimensions. While in a superconductor the condensate of Cooper pairs generates the Meissner effect, which constricts the magnetic field lines penetrating a type II superconductor into Abrikosov vortices, in superinsulators Cooper pairs are linearly bound by electric fields squeezed into strings (dual Meissner effect) by a monopole condensate. Magnetic monopoles, while elusive as elementary particles, exist in certain materials in the form of emergent quasiparticle excitations. We demonstrate that at low temperatures magnetic monopoles can form a quantum Bose condensate (plasma in (2+1) dimensions) dual to the charge condensate in superconductors. The monopole Bose condensate manifests as a superinsulating state with infinite resistance, dual to superconductivity. The monopole supercurrents result in the electric analogue of the Meissner effect and lead to linear confinement of the Cooper pairs by Polyakov electric strings in analogy to quarks in hadrons. Superinsulators realise thus one of the mechanism proposed to explain confinement in QCD. Moreover, the string mechanism of confinement implies asymptotic freedom at the IR fixed point. We predict thus for superinsulators a metallic-like low temperature behaviour when samples are smaller than the string scale. This has been experimentally confirmed. We predict that an oblique version of SI is realised as the pseudogap state of high-TC superconductors.

DUAL MEISSNER EFFECT IN THE INFRARED REGION OF QCD WITH QUARKS

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (33) ◽  
pp. 2037-2043 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. PARTHASARATHY
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Mass Term ◽  
Meissner Effect ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Abelian Field ◽  
Dual Action ◽  
Magnetic Symmetry

Motivated by the suggestion of 't Hooft and Mandelstam that magnetic monopoles must play a crucial role in the ir region of QCD and that of Nambu that dual Meissner effect as a mechanism of confinement, QCD in this region is described by the magnetic symmetry of Cho. The standard SU(3) QCD action with quarks is considered which now contains the monopole configurations. A dual action is constructed and mass term for the dual Abelian field is generated by gauge mixing mechanism. The effective dual action thus obtained exhibits dual Meissner effect.

scholarly journals THE FIELD EQUATION FROM NEWTON'S LAW OF MOTION AND THE ABSENCE OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLE

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (07) ◽  
pp. 1237-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
PARAMPREET SINGH ◽  
NARESH DADHICH
Keyword(s):  
Field Equation ◽  
Differential Operator ◽  
Magnetic Monopole ◽  
Linear Differential Operator ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Classical Electrodynamics ◽  
Newton's Law ◽  
Newton’S Law ◽  
Newton’S Law Of Motion ◽  
Linear Differential

By requiring the linear differential operator in Newton's law of motion to be self adjoint, we obtain the field equation for the linear theory, which is the classical electrodynamics. In the process, we are also led to a fundamental universal chiral relation between electric and magnetic monopoles which implies that the two are related. Thus there could just exist only one kind of charge which is conventionally called electric.

scholarly journals Time Travel and Time Machines

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Smeenk ◽  
Christian Wüthrich
Keyword(s):  
Loop Quantum Gravity ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Time Travel ◽  
Quantum Theories ◽  
Physical Possibility ◽  
Quantum Behavior ◽  
Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Time Machines ◽  
Full Quantum ◽  
Rule Out

This chapter examines the logical, metaphysical, and physical possibility of time travel understood in the sense of the existence of closed worldlines that can be traced out by physical objects, arguing that none of the purported paradoxes rule out time travel on the grounds of either logic or metaphysics. More relevantly, modern space–time theories such as general relativity seem to permit models that feature closed worldlines. The chapter discusses what this apparent physical possibility of time travel means, and, furthermore, reviews the recent literature on so-called time machines, of devices that produce closed worldlines where none would have existed otherwise. Finally, it investigates what the implications of the quantum behavior of matter might be for the possibility of time travel, and explicates in what sense time travel might be possible according to leading contenders for full quantum theories of gravity such as string theory and loop quantum gravity.

scholarly journals The impact of the electric field on superconductivity in the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (32) ◽  
pp. 1950384
Author(s):  
N. Karchev ◽  
T. Vetsov
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Normal State ◽  
Maxwell Equations ◽  
Landau Theory ◽  
Bose Condensate ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Cooper Pairs ◽  
Ginzburg Landau ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we address the impact of the electric field on superconductors which are insulators in the normal state, semiconductors at low carrier concentration and ultracold gas of fermions in the strongly interacting regime. The electric field penetrates these systems and effects on the Cooper pairs. We show that if there are Cooper pairs above the superconductor critical temperature, the electric field forces the Cooper pairs to Bose condensate and the onset of the superconductivity, thereby increasing the critical temperature. To study this phenomenon, we numerically solve the Maxwell equations for [Formula: see text]-wave superconductors obtained from the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau theory. Our investigation designs an experimental way for verification of the pairing of Fermions preceding superconductivity and superfluidity.

scholarly journals Meissner effect from Landau problem

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (40) ◽  
pp. 1850241
Author(s):  
Paola Arias ◽  
J. Gamboa ◽  
F. Méndez ◽  
David Valenzuela
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Schrödinger Equation ◽  
Schrodinger Equation ◽  
Landau Theory ◽  
Meissner Effect ◽  
Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics ◽  
General Context ◽  
Cooper Pairs ◽  
Ginzburg Landau

The Landau problem for inhomogeneous magnetic fields is examined in a very general context and several interesting analogies with the Nielsen–Olesen vortices are established. Firstly, we show that the Landau problem with non-homogeneous magnetic fields exhibits Meissner effect that is unstable unless two-body interactions are added and vortices emerge. Using the scaling freedom, we can write the Schrödinger equation in terms of the scales ratio [Formula: see text] where the last identification is realized simply by using the Ginzburg–Landau theory. We find our equations are valid in the superconducting regime, and it is not possible for the Cooper pairs amplitude to reach to a constant, nonzero value, and therefore the theory is unstable. The supersymmetric quantum mechanics version, by completeness, is also considered.

scholarly journals Quantum paradigm of the foldover magnetic resonance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Bunkov ◽  
A. N. Kuzmichev ◽  
T. R. Safin ◽  
P. M. Vetoshko ◽  
V. I. Belotelov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Josephson Effect ◽  
Magnetic System ◽  
Bose Condensate ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Quantum Phenomenon ◽  
Quantum Behavior ◽  
Magnetization Precession ◽  
Quantum Phenomena ◽  
Iron Garnet

AbstractThe explosive development of quantum magnonics requires the consideration of several previously known effects from a new angle. In particular, taking into account the quantum behavior of magnons is essential at high excitations of the magnetic system, under the conditions of the so-called phenomenon of “foldover” (bi-stable) magnetic resonance. Previously, this effect was considered in the quasi-classical macrospin approximation. However, at large angles of magnetization precession, the magnon density exceeds the critical value for the formation of a magnon Bose condensate (mBEC). Naturally, this purely quantum phenomenon does not exist in the classical approximation. In addition, mBEC leads to superfluid transfer of magnetization, which suppresses the macroinhomogeneity of the samples. The experiments presented in the article show that quantum phenomena well describes the experimental results of nonlinear magnetic resonance in yttrium iron garnet. Thus, we remove the questions that arose earlier when considering this effect without taking into account quantum phenomena. This discovery paves the way for many quantum applications of supermagnonics, such as the magnetic Josephson effect, long-range spin transport, Q-bits, quantum logic, magnetic sensors, and others.

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