The aqueous phase behavior of polyion–surfactant ion complex salts mixed with nonionic surfactants

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 3126-3138 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Janiak ◽  
Lennart Piculell ◽  
Gerd Olofsson ◽  
Karin Schillén
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Complex Salts

Phase Behavior of Polyion−Surfactant Ion Complex Salts:  Effects of Surfactant Chain Length and Polyion Length

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (21) ◽  
pp. 10332-10340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Svensson ◽  
Jens Norrman ◽  
Lennart Piculell
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Complex Salts

The Effect of Several Polymers on the Phase Behavior of Micellar Fluids

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 816-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Pope ◽  
Kerming Tsaur ◽  
Robert S. Schechter ◽  
Ben Wang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Salinity Range ◽  
Lower Phase ◽  
Optimal Salinity ◽  
Rich Phase ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Phase Systems ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Abstract We made static measurements of the phase volumes of mixtures of surfactant, polymer, alcohol, water, oil, sodium chloride, and in some cases polymer additives. We also made a limited number of viscosity, phase concentration, and interfacial tension (IFT) measurements. The purpose was to determine systematically the effect of various polymers on the phase behavior of various surfactant formulations. We made measurements with and without oil (n-octane and n-octane/benzene mixtures) across a range of salinity appropriate to the particular surfactant at temperatures between 24 and 75 degrees C. Introduction The oil-free (i.e., no added oil) solutions showed a characteristic phase separation into an aqueous surfactant-rich phase and an aqueous polymer-rich phase at some sufficiently high salinity (NaCl concentration), which we call the critical electrolyte concentration (CEC). The CEC was found to be a characteristic of a given surfactant/alcohol combination that shifts with the solubility of the surfactant qualitatively the same way as does the optimal salinity: but the CEC was found independent of the polymer type, polymer concentration (between the 100- and 1,000-ppm limits investigated), and surfactant concentration. The CEC increases with increasing temperature for the anionic surfactants and decreases with increasing temperature for the nonionic surfactants. When oil was added to the mixtures, an entirely different pattern of phase behavior was observed. As salinity increases, the particular formulations form the typical sequence of lower-phase microemulsion and excess oil, middle-phase microemulsion. excess oil, and excess brine: and upper-phase microemulsion and excess brine. The sequence with polymer was precisely the same over most of the salinity range but deviated over a limited range of salinity; the three-phase region simply shifted a small distance to the left on the salinity scale. Also, and probably more significantly, some of the aqueous phases in the critical region of the shift (which is also just above oil-free CEC salinity) were found to be gel-like in nature. These apparently occur under conditions such that the polymer concentration in the excess brine of the three-phase systems becomes very high because almost all the polymer is always in the brine phase, even when the brine phase is very small. Thus an overall 1,000 ppm of polymer easily can be concentrated to 10,000 ppm or more. One of the most remarkable aspects of the phase behavior of the surfactant/polymer systems is that the same patterns are observed for all combinations of anionic and nonionic surfactants and polymers. Also, little difference was observed in the IFT values with and without polymer. The three-phase systems still exhibited ultralow IFT values. Obviously, significant differences did occur in the brine viscosities when polymer was added. The polymer-free mixtures were themselves quite viscous, however, and the viscosity of the oil-free surfactant-rich phases (above the CEC) was significantly higher when the phases were in equilibrium with a polymer-rich aqueous phase, even though they apparently contained almost no polymer. We found that the polymer-rich phases had normal viscosities, as judged by the same polymer in the same brine at the expected concentration, assuming all the polymer was in the polymer-rich phase. The effect of polymer on the systems with oil was to increase the viscosity of the water-rich phase only, with little effect on the microemulsion phase unless it was the water-rich phase. SPEJ P. 816^

scholarly journals Phase Behavior of Engkabang Fat with Nonionic Surfactants

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. A. Gani ◽  
M. Basri ◽  
M. B. A. Rahman ◽  
A. Kassim ◽  
A. B. Salleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants

Phase Behavior Controlled by the Addition of Long-Chain n-Alcohols in Systems of Cationic Surfactant/Anionic Polyion Complex Salts and Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (18) ◽  
pp. 4861-4869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. Percebom ◽  
Guilherme A. Ferreira ◽  
Daniel Rege Catini ◽  
Juliana S. Bernardes ◽  
Watson Loh
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Cationic Surfactant ◽  
Polyion Complex ◽  
Complex Salts ◽  
Long Chain

Effect of water content on structural and phase behavior of water-in-oil (n-decane) microemulsion system stabilized by mixed nonionic surfactants SPAN 80/TWEEN 80

2017 ◽  
Vol 518 ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Koneva ◽  
E.A. Safonova ◽  
P.S. Kondrakhina ◽  
M.A. Vovk ◽  
A.A. Lezov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Microemulsion System ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Span 80

scholarly journals Nanoemulsions as a Form of Perfumery Products

Cosmetics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzbieta Sikora ◽  
Miastkowska Małgorzata ◽  
Katarzyna Wolinska Kennard ◽  
Elwira Lason
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Colloidal Dispersions ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sensitive Skin ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Potential Form

Alcohol-based perfumes, e.g., eau de parfum, eau de toilette, eau de cologne or au fraiche, are the most common type of fragrance products available on the market. There are also alcohol-free fragrance products, mainly in the form of solid or oil perfume. From the consumers’ point of view, such perfumery products are of interest; therefore, looking for new solutions is still interesting. Nanoemulsions are liquid, kinetically stable colloidal dispersions, consisting of an aqueous phase, an oil phase and a surfactant, with or without a co-surfactant. They are transparent, not greasy, easy to spray and spread. Additionally, they show capacity to protect fragrances from oxidation. The development of a water-based perfumes in the form of stable nanoemulsions containing fragrance compositions (in the range of 5–15%), stabilized by nonionic surfactants, allows to create safe products for a wider group of consumers, including children, adolescents and people with sensitive skin. In this article, an application of nanoemulsions as a potential form of perfumery products were described.

Phase behavior of water/oil/nonionic surfactants with normal distribution of the poly(ethylene oxide) chain length

2003 ◽  
Vol 281 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieta Balcan ◽  
Dan-Florin Anghel ◽  
Valerică Raicu
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Ethylene Oxide Chain ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Micellization and Phase Behavior of Binary Mixtures of Anionic and Nonionic Surfactants in Aqueous Media

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 3338-3349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Mahajan ◽  
Durgesh Nandni
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Aqueous Media

Correction. The Aqueous Phase Behavior of Surfactants

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (42) ◽  
pp. 10603-10603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Laughlin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Aqueous Phase
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