Enhancing the photovoltaic performance of planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by doping the perovskite layer with alkali metal ions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (42) ◽  
pp. 16546-16552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Chang ◽  
Zhenhua Lin ◽  
Hai Zhu ◽  
Furkan Halis Isikgor ◽  
Qing-Hua Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Alkali Metal Ions ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Photovoltaic Efficiency ◽  
Planar Heterojunction

Doping the perovskite layer with a small amount of alkali metal ions can enhance the photovoltaic efficiency of perovskite solar cells.

scholarly journals Effect of Annealing Process on CH3NH3PbI3-XClX Film Morphology of Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells with Optimal Compact TiO2 Layer

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Chen ◽  
Xiaoping Zou ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Ningning Zhang ◽  
Wenbin Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Optimal Procedures ◽  
Planar Heterojunction ◽  
Annealing Method

The morphology of compact TiO2 film used as an electron-selective layer and perovskite film used as a light absorption layer in planar perovskite solar cells has a significant influence on the photovoltaic performance of the devices. In this paper, the spin coating speed of the compact TiO2 is investigated in order to get a high-quality film and the compact TiO2 film exhibits pinhole- and crack-free films treated by 2000 rpm for 60 s. Furthermore, the effect of annealing process, including annealing temperature and annealing program, on CH3NH3PbI3-XClX film morphology is studied. At the optimal annealing temperature of 100°C, the CH3NH3PbI3-XClX morphology fabricated by multistep slow annealing method has smaller grain boundaries and holes than that prepared by one-step direct annealing method, which results in the reduction of grain boundary recombination and the increase of Voc. With all optimal procedures, a planar fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate/compact TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3-XClX/Spiro-MeOTAD/Au cell is prepared for an active area of 0.1 cm2. It has achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.64%, which is 80.3% higher than the reference cell (8.12% PCE) without optimal perovskite layer. We anticipate that the annealing process with optimal compact TiO2 layer would possibly become a promising method for future industrialization of planar perovskite solar cells.

Alkali metal ions passivation to decrease interface defects of perovskite solar cells

Solar Energy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanhua Ren ◽  
Wenbin Han ◽  
Zhiqi Li ◽  
Chunyu Liu ◽  
Liang Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Alkali Metal Ions ◽  
Interface Defects

scholarly journals CuI/Spiro-OMeTAD Double-Layer Hole Transport Layer to Improve Photovoltaic Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Chaoqun Lu ◽  
Weijia Zhang ◽  
Zhaoyi Jiang ◽  
Yulong Zhang ◽  
Cong Ni
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Photoelectric Conversion ◽  
Perovskite Layer

The hole transport layer (HTL) is one of the main factors affecting the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, obtaining HTLs with the desired properties through current preparation techniques remains a challenge. In the present study, we propose a new method which can be used to achieve a double-layer HTL, by inserting a CuI layer between the perovskite layer and Spiro-OMeTAD layer via a solution spin coating process. The CuI layer deposited on the surface of the perovskite film directly covers the rough perovskite surface, covering the surface defects of the perovskite, while a layer of CuI film avoids the defects caused by Spiro-OMetad pinholes. The double-layer HTLs improve roughness and reduce charge recombination of the Spiro-OMeTAD layer, thereby resulting in superior hole extraction capabilities and faster hole mobility. The CuI/Spiro-OMeTAD double-layer HTLs-based devices were prepared in N2 gloveboxes and obtained an optimized PCE (photoelectric conversion efficiency) of 17.44%. Furthermore, their stability was improved due to the barrier effect of the inorganic CuI layer on the entry of air and moisture into the perovskite layer. The results demonstrate that another deposited CuI film is a promising method for realizing high-performance and air-stable PSCs.

scholarly journals Applied Trace Alkali Metal Elements for Semiconductor Property Modulation of Perovskite Thin Films

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuangchuang Chang ◽  
Xiaoping Zou ◽  
Jin Cheng ◽  
Tao Ling ◽  
Yujun Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Majority Carrier ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Metal Element ◽  
P Type

With the rapid consumption of energy, clean solar energy has become a key study and development subject, especially the when new renewable energy perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are involved. The doping method is a common means to modulate the properties of perovskite film. The main work of this paper is to incorporate trace amounts of alkali metal elements into the perovskite layer and observe the effects on the properties of the perovskite device and the majority carrier type of the perovskite film. Comparative analysis was performed by doping with Na+, K+, and Rb+ or using undoped devices in the perovskite layer. The results show that the incorporation of alkali metal ions into the perovskite layer has an important effect on the majority carrier type of the perovskite film. The majority carrier type of the undoped perovskite layer is N-type, and the majority carrier type of the perovskite layer doped with the alkali metal element is P-type. The carrier concentration of perovskite films is increased by at least two orders of magnitude after doping. That is to say, we can control the majority of the carrier type of the perovskite layer by controlling the doping subjectively. This will provide strong support for the development of future homojunction perovskite solar cells. This is of great help to improve the performance of PSC devices.

scholarly journals Alkali Metal Cation Incorporated Ag3BiI6 Absorbers for Efficient and Stable Rudorffite Solar Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chung Wu ◽  
Ruei-Yu Kuo ◽  
Yin-Hsuan Chang ◽  
Shih-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Ching-Mei Ho​ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Carrier Transport ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Alkali Metal Cation ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Kelvin Probe

Abstract Objectives Toxic lead and poor stability are the main obstacles of perovskite solar cells. Lead-free silver bismuth iodide (SBI) was first attempted as solar cells photovoltaic materials in 2016. However, the short-circuit current of the SBI rudorffite materials is commonly below 10 mA/cm2, limiting the overall photovoltaic performance. Here, we present a chemical composition engineering to enhance the photovoltaic performance. Methods In this study, we incorporated a series of alkali metal cations (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+) into Ag3BiI6 absorbers to investigate the effects on the photovoltaic performance of rudorffite solar cells. Results Cs+ doping improved VOC and Na+ doping showed an obvious enhancement in JSC. Therefore, we co-doped Na+ and Cs+ into SBI (Na/Cs-SBI) as the absorber and investigated the crystal structure, surface morphology, and optical properties. The photo-assisted Kelvin probe force microscopy (photo-KPFM) was used to measure surface potential and verified that Na/Cs doping could reduce the electron trapping at the grain boundary and facilitate electron transportation. Conclusion Na/Cs-SBI reduced the electron-holes pairs recombination and promoted the carrier transport of rudorffite solar cells. Finally, the Na/Cs-SBI rudorffite solar cell exhibited a PCE of 2.50%, a 46.0% increase to the SBI device (PCE = 1.71%), and was stable in ambient conditions for over 6 months.

scholarly journals High-Performance and Hysteresis-Free Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Rare-Earth-Doped SnO2 Mesoporous Scaffold

Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyao Guo ◽  
Jihuai Wu ◽  
Yuqian Yang ◽  
Xuping Liu ◽  
Zhang Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Charge Transport ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Rare Earth Doping ◽  
Perovskite Layer

Tin oxide (SnO2), as electron transport material to substitute titanium oxide (TiO2) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), has aroused wide interests. However, the performance of the PSCs based on SnO2 is still hard to compete with the TiO2-based devices. Herein, a novel strategy is designed to enhance the photovoltaic performance and long-term stability of PSCs by integrating rare-earth ions Ln3+ (Sc3+, Y3+, La3+) with SnO2 nanospheres as mesoporous scaffold. The doping of Ln promotes the formation of dense and large-sized perovskite crystals, which facilitate interfacial contact of electron transport layer/perovskite layer and improve charge transport dynamics. Ln dopant optimizes the energy level of perovskite layer, reduces the charge transport resistance, and mitigates the trap state density. As a result, the optimized mesoporous PSC achieves a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.63% without hysteresis, while the undoped PSC obtains an efficiency of 19.01%. The investigation demonstrates that the rare-earth doping is low-cost and effective method to improve the photovoltaic performance of SnO2-based PSCs.

Alkali Metal Ions: A Secret Ingredient for Metal Nanocluster-Sensitized Solar Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1404-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad A. Abbas ◽  
Raju Thota ◽  
Kyunglim Pyo ◽  
Dongil Lee ◽  
Jin Ho Bang
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Alkali Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Nanocluster ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Interfacial modification of various alkali metal cations in perovskite solar cells and their influence on photovoltaic performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (21) ◽  
pp. 8902-8909
Author(s):  
Yinyi Huang ◽  
Shina Li ◽  
Chaorong Wu ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Chengyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Alkali Metal Cations ◽  
Interfacial Modification ◽  
Perovskite Material

The electron transport layer (ETL) between the perovskite material and cathode plays an important role in planar perovskite solar cells.

scholarly journals Improving the Morphology of the Perovskite Absorber Layer in Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Halide Perovskite MAPbI3 Solar Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Ogundana ◽  
S. Y. Foo
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Large Variability

Recently, perovskite solar cells have attracted tremendous attention due to their excellent power conversion efficiency, low cost, simple fabrications, and high photovoltaic performance. Furthermore, the perovskite solar cells are lightweight and possess thin film and semitransparency. However, the nonuniformity in perovskite layer constitutes a major setback to the operation mechanism, performance, reproducibility, and degradation of perovskite solar cells. Therefore, one of the main challenges in planar perovskite devices is the fabrication of high quality films with controlled morphology and least amount of pin-holes for high performance thin film perovskite devices. The poor reproducibility in perovskite solar cells hinders the accurate fabrication of practical devices for use in real world applications, and this is primarily as a result of the inability to control the morphology of perovskites, leading to large variability in the characteristics of perovskite solar cells. Hence, the focus of research in perovskites has been mostly geared towards improving the morphology and crystallization of perovskite absorber by selecting the optimal annealing condition considering the effect of humidity. Here we report a controlled ambient condition that is necessary to grow uniform perovskite crystals. A best PCE of 7.5% was achieved along with a short-circuit current density of 15.2 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage of 0.81 V, and a fill factor of 0.612 from the perovskite solar cell prepared under 60% relative humidity.

Elucidating the charge carrier transport and extraction in planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by Kelvin probe force microscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (44) ◽  
pp. 17464-17472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Chang ◽  
Juanxiu Xiao ◽  
Zhenhua Lin ◽  
Hai Zhu ◽  
Qing-Hua Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Charge Carrier ◽  
Carrier Transport ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy ◽  
Charge Carrier Transport ◽  
Kelvin Probe ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Planar Heterojunction

KPFM study of various structures with a perovskite layer indicates unbalanced charge-carrier transport and extraction.

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