Development of customized 3D printed stainless steel reactors with inline oxygen sensors for aerobic oxidation of Grignard reagents in continuous flow

AbstractA novel system for inline monitoring of ammonia (NH3) suitable for methanol is presented. An optical ammonia sensor with a response time t90 of 33 s was combined with a tailor-made, 3D printed flow cell and allowed efficient measurements under continuous flow. The optical sensor includes a fluorescent indicator dye that is physically immobilized into a polyurethane hydrogel. A protective layer made of hydrophobic polyether sulfone (PES) shields the ammonia sensitive material against interfering substances and guarantees long-term stability in methanol. The sensor can be read out via a compact phase fluorimeter. Measurements in continuous flow are enabled by a flow cell manufactured via selective laser melting (SLM) of stainless steel. Stainless steel was chosen for the flow cell due to its good heat transfer properties and relatively good chemical resistance of NH3 in methanol. The measurements were successfully carried out with ammonia concentrations between 0.3 and 5.6 mol L− 1 NH3 in methanol at 25 °C up to 80 °C. Additionally, different flow-rates (0.5–2.0 mL min− 1), varying internal pressure (0.5–2.0 bar) as well as reversibility of the measurements at 25 and 60 °C were studied in detail. The sensor did not degrade indicated by sufficient signal and low drift over a period of two weeks, thus indicating the high potential of the novel set-up for real-time measurements in continuous flow applications. Graphical abstract

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Temperature-dependent Charpy impact property of 3D printed 15-5 PH stainless steel

Materials Science and Technology ◽

10.1080/02670836.2021.1885094 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 190-201

Author(s):

Sugrim Sagar ◽

Yi Zhang ◽

Hyun-Hee Choi ◽

Yeon-Gil Jung ◽

Jing Zhang

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Charpy Impact ◽

Impact Property ◽

Temperature Dependent ◽

3D Printed

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Partial Oxidation of Ethanol Using VOx/SBA-15 and VOx/Fumed Silica Catalysts in a Bench-scale Stainless Steel Reactor

Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering ◽

10.3311/ppch.11231 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 345-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

José Miguel Hidalgo-Herrador ◽

Zdeněk Tišler

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Partial Oxidation ◽

Fumed Silica ◽

Continuous Flow ◽

Flow Reactor ◽

Vanadium Content ◽

Total Conversion ◽

Continuous Flow Reactor ◽

Stainless Steel Reactor ◽

Oxidation Of Ethanol

Two VOx/SBA-15 catalysts and three VOx/SiO2-fumed silica, with 5, 10 and 1, 5, 10 %wt. vanadium content respectively, were tested in a stainless steel continuous flow reactor for the partial oxidation of ethanol. The catalysts were tested at 150 – 300 °C. Products were analyzed by GC-FID, GC-OFID and GC-MS. The aim was exploring the problematics which could be found when more industrial close conditions are used. The total conversion of ethanol and selectivity to acetaldehyde were different than the expected ones. For VOx/SiO2-fumed silica, the total conversion was higher with a lower selectivity to acetaldehyde compared to VOx/SBA-15 catalysts.

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Scale-up of High-Pressure FT Synthesis in 3D Printed Stainless Steel Microchannel Microreactors: Experiments and Modeling

Catalysis Today ◽

10.1016/j.cattod.2021.09.038 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nafeezuddin Mohammad ◽

Chiemeka Chukwudoro ◽

Sujoy Bepari ◽

Omar Basha ◽

Shyam Aravamudhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Scale Up ◽

Ft Synthesis ◽

3D Printed

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A modular 3D printed isothermal heat flow calorimeter for reaction calorimetry in continuous flow

Reaction Chemistry & Engineering ◽

10.1039/d0re00122h ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 1410-1420 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manuel C. Maier ◽

Michael Leitner ◽

C. Oliver Kappe ◽

Heidrun Gruber-Woelfler

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Heat Flow ◽

Continuous Flow ◽

Reaction Calorimetry ◽

Flow Calorimeter ◽

Heat Flow Calorimeter ◽

Process Understanding ◽

3D Printed ◽

Isothermal Heat Flow Calorimeter

The presented continuous flow calorimeter enables process understanding of novel flow syntheses and the use of highly reactive compounds. Adaptation of the calorimeter is possible via 3D printing and due to its modular and expandable design.

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