Low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharides (LMW-COSs) prevent obesity-related metabolic abnormalities in association with the modification of gut microbiota in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 9947-9959
Author(s):  
Ningning He ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Zhiyuan Lv ◽  
Wandong Zhao ◽  
Shangyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharides ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Chitosan

Enzymatic LMW-COSs ameliorate obesity and obesity-related metabolic abnormalities. The overall change in gut microbiota was associated with metabolic parameters and its prebiotic functions by regulating gut microbiota and inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Changes in Gut Microbiota in Rats Fed a High Fat Diet Correlate with Obesity-Associated Metabolic Parameters

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e0126931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginie Lecomte ◽  
Nadeem O. Kaakoush ◽  
Christopher A. Maloney ◽  
Mukesh Raipuria ◽  
Karina D. Huinao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of low-molecular-weight carrageenan in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Qiu ◽  
Wenwen Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
High Fat

AbstractThis study investigated the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of low-molecular-weight carrageenan (LC) on rats fed a high-fat diet. Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal control group (NC), high-fat diet control group (HC), carrageenan-treated control group (CC), 1% LC group (1% LC), and 3% LC-groups (3% LC). Body weight, food intake, fecal weight, blood glucose, and serum lipid levels were measured. After 30 days, body weight significantly decreased in the LC-treated groups than in the HC group. Moreover, in the LC-treated groups, postprandial blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels decreased, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels increased. From this study, our data suggest that LC has antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects when compared to carrageenan, likely related to its increased absorption due to its lower molecular weight.

scholarly journals Extraction and Hypolipidemic Activity of Low Molecular Weight Polysaccharides Isolated from Rosa Laevigata Fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Xuejiao Zhang ◽  
Yihong Hu ◽  
Chenzhong Jin ◽  
Weiguo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Herb

Three novel low molecular weight polysaccharides (RLP-1a, RLP-2a, and RLP-3a) with 9004, 8761, and 7571 Da were first obtained by purifying the crude polysaccharides from the fruits of a traditional Chinese medicinal herb Rosae Laevigatae. The conditions for polysaccharides from the R. Laevigatae fruit (RLP) extraction were optimized by the response surface methodology, and the optimal conditions were as follows: extraction temperature, 93°C; extraction time, 2.8 h; water to raw material ratio, 22; extraction frequency, 3. Structural characterization showed that RLP-1a consisted of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, glucose, and galactose with the ratio of 3.14 : 8.21 : 1 : 1.37 : 4.90, whereas RLP-2a was composed of rhamnose, mannose, glucose, and galactose with the ratio of 1.70 : 1 : 93.59 : 2.73, and RLP-3a was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose, and galactose with the ratio of 6.04 : 26.51 : 2.05 : 1 : 3.17 : 31.77. The NMR analyses revealed that RLP-1a, RLP-2a, and RLP-3a contained 6, 4, and 6 types of glycosidic linkages, respectively. RLP-1a and RLP-3a exhibited distinct antioxidant abilities on the superoxide anions, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and hydroxyl radicals in vitro. RLPs could decrease the serum lipid levels, elevate the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels, and upregulate of FADS2, ACOX3, and SCD-1 which involved in the lipid metabolic processes and oxidative stress in the high-fat diet-induced rats. These results suggested that RLPs ameliorated the high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced lipid metabolism disturbance in the rat liver through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. Low molecular weight polysaccharides of RLP could be served as a novel potential functional food for improving hyperlipidemia and liver oxidative stress responses.

Unsaturated alginate oligosaccharides attenuated obesity-related metabolic abnormalities by modulating gut microbiota in high-fat-diet mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 4773-4784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangyong Li ◽  
Linna Wang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Ningning He
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alginate Oligosaccharides

A new potent prebiotic oligosaccharide for obesity and related metabolic abnormalities by modulating gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Functional Comparison of High and Low Molecular Weight Chitosan on Lipid Metabolism and Signals in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shing-Hwa Liu ◽  
Chen-Yuan Chiu ◽  
Ching-Ming Shi ◽  
Meng-Tsan Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Apo E ◽  
Protein Expressions

The present study examined and compared the effects of high- and low-molecular weight (MW) chitosan, a nutraceutical, on intestinal and liver lipid metabolism in rats fed with high-fat diet. Both high- and low-MW chitosan decreased liver weight, elongated small intestine, improved the dysregulation of blood lipids and liver fat accumulation, and increased fecal lipid excretion in high-fat diet-fed rats. Supplementation of both high- and low-MW chitosan significantly inhibited the decreased phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α protein expressions and the increased lipogenesis/cholesterogenesis-associated protein expressions (sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)1c, SREBP2, and PPARγ) and the decreased apolipoprotein (Apo)E and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) protein expressions in the livers of high-fat diet-fed rats. Both high and low-MW chitosan supplementation could also suppress the increased MTTP protein expression and the decreased angiopoietin-like protein (Angptl)4 protein expression in the intestines of high-fat diet-fed rats. Comparison between high and low-MW chitosan, high-MW chitosan has a higher efficiency than low-MW chitosan on the inhibition of intestinal lipid absorption and the increase of hepatic fatty acid oxidation, which can improve liver lipid biosynthesis and accumulation.

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