Controlling the reactions of 1-bromogalactose acetate in methanol using ionic liquids as co-solvents

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (28) ◽  
pp. 5442-5452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Gilbert ◽  
Ronald S. Haines ◽  
Jason B. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Solvent Composition ◽  
Composition Changes

Using an ionic liquid in the solvent mixture for the reaction of a galactose substrate leads to changes in both the rate constant and the products as the solvent composition changes.

Rapid relaxation NMR measurements to predict rate coefficients in ionic liquid mixtures. An examination of reaction outcome changes in a homologous series of ionic liquids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C Morris ◽  
Stuart W Prescott ◽  
Jason B Harper
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Homologous Series ◽  
Rate Coefficient ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Rate Coefficients ◽  
Substitution Process

A series of ionic liquids based on the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations were examined as components of the solvent mixture for a bimolecular substitution process. The effects on both the rate coefficient...

Removal of Phenol from Organic System by Using Ionic Liquids

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciji S. Mathews ◽  
Vikas K. Bhosale ◽  
Prashant S. Kulkarni ◽  
Sanjay P. Kamble
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Selective Removal ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Industrial Use

Objective: Selective removal of phenol from organic solvent mixture (benzene + toluene + hexane) or other petroleum by-products have a major concern. Hence, the experiments were conducted on the removal of phenol from synthetically prepared phenolic organic waste by using a green process, ionic liquids. Methods: The ionic liquids, 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium cyanoborohydride, and 1- butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate were used for the extraction study. The effect of various operating parameters such as the type of ionic liquids, effluent temperature, extraction time, and the phase volume ratio of ionic liquid and phenol has been studied in details. The ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium cyanoborohydride selectively extracted 95 % of the phenol from the synthetically prepared organic oil mixture of benzene and toluene, with an initial phenol concentration was 100 ppm. Further, ionic liquids were recycled and reused for six consecutive studies with removal efficiency of about 74%. Additionally, a batch reactor study was conducted to find the process viability for industrial use and 92% phenol removal efficiency was achieved. Results: The study demonstrates the selective removal of phenol from petroleum oil using ionic liquids is a simple and environmentally friendly process for industrial use. Conclusion: This method cannot only extract phenol but also phenol-derived compounds may be extracted from hydrocarbon oil.

Effect of Modifying the Anion of an Ionic Liquid on the Outcome of an SN2 Process

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinead T. Keaveney ◽  
Dominic V. Francis ◽  
Winnie Cao ◽  
Ronald S. Haines ◽  
Jason B. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Substitution Process

The effect of a series of ionic liquids containing different anions (bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, dicyanimide, hexafluorophosphate, tetrafluoroborate, and bromide) on the rate constant of a bimolecular substitution process was investigated. A general ionic liquid effect was noted, with increases in the rate constant observed in all ionic liquids used when compared with that in acetonitrile. Temperature-dependent kinetic data allowed calculation of activation parameters in each of the reaction mixtures considered; these parameters showed that the microscopic origins of the rate enhancements observed were not the same for all of the ionic liquids used, demonstrating the importance of the nature of the anion.

Correlating ionic liquid solvent effects with solvent parameters for a reaction that proceeds through a xanthylium intermediate

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (42) ◽  
pp. 9336-9342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Gilbert ◽  
Götz Bucher ◽  
Ronald S. Haines ◽  
Jason B. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Solvent Parameters

The effects of ionic liquids on the rate constant of an SN1 process with a xanthylium intermediate differ from those observed for other SN1 reactions. These effects can be correlated to solvent parameters of the ionic liquids allowing predictability.

Understanding the effects of ionic liquids on a unimolecular substitution process: correlating solvent parameters with reaction outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Gilbert ◽  
Ronald S. Haines ◽  
Jason B. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Solvent Parameters ◽  
Substitution Process

The polarisability of an ionic liquid is key in determining the rate constant of a unimolecular substitution process.

scholarly journals Developing principles for predicting ionic liquid effects on reaction outcome. The importance of the anion in controlling microscopic interactions

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3771-3780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinead T. Keaveney ◽  
Ronald S. Haines ◽  
Jason B. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Solvent Composition ◽  
Microscopic Interactions

Predictable changes in the rate constant of a condensation reaction were seen as the solvent composition was varied. The cation–nucleophile interaction could be controlled in a predictable manner; activation parameters varied linearly with the H-bond acceptor ability of the anions used.

Rational selection of the cation of an ionic liquid to control the reaction outcome of a substitution reaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (18) ◽  
pp. 2296-2299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca R. Hawker ◽  
Ronald S. Haines ◽  
Jason B. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Substitution Reaction ◽  
Rational Selection ◽  
Substitution Process ◽  
Selection Of

Rational selection of ionic liquids to get the rate constant you want in a substitution process.

Water-in-Ionic Liquid Microemulsion Formation in Solvent Mixture of Aprotic and Protic Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

Langmuir ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (40) ◽  
pp. 11890-11896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Kusano ◽  
Kenta Fujii ◽  
Kei Hashimoto ◽  
Mitsuhiro Shibayama
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Solvent Mixture

Mapping the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of Ionic Liquids for Monomers, Polymers and Globular Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Pomposo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Ionic Polymers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Solvent Power

Understanding the miscibility behavior of ionic liquid (IL) / monomer, IL / polymer and IL / nanoparticle mixtures is critical for the use of ILs as green solvents in polymerization processes, and to rationalize recent observations concerning the superior solubility of some proteins in ILs when compared to standard solvents. In this work, the most relevant results obtained in terms of a three-component Flory-Huggins theory concerning the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of ILs when compared to traditional non-ionic solvents for monomeric solutes (case I), linear polymers (case II) and globular nanoparticles (case III) are presented. Moreover, useful ESP maps are drawn for the first time for IL mixtures corresponding to case I, II and III. Finally, a potential pathway to improve the miscibility of non-ionic polymers in ILs is also proposed.

Dynamics of Ion Locking in Doubly Polymerized Ionic Liquids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Arora ◽  
Julisa Rozon ◽  
Jennifer Laaser
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Ion Motion ◽  
Charged Species ◽  
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Insight Into

<div>In this work, we investigate the dynamics of ion motion in “doubly-polymerized” ionic liquids (DPILs) in which both charged species of an ionic liquid are covalently linked to the same polymer chains. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy is used to characterize these materials over a broad frequency and temperature range, and their behavior is compared to that of conventional “singly-polymerized” ionic liquids (SPILs) in which only one of the charged species is attached to the polymer chains. Polymerization of the DPIL decreases the bulk ionic conductivity by four orders of magnitude relative to both SPILs. The timescales for local ionic rearrangement are similarly found to be approximately four orders of magnitude slower in the DPILs than in the SPILs, and the DPILs also have a lower static dielectric constant. These results suggest that copolymerization of the ionic monomers affects ion motion on both the bulk and the local scales, with ion pairs serving to form strong physical crosslinks between the polymer chains. This study provides quantitative insight into the energetics and timescales of ion motion that drive the phenomenon of “ion locking” currently under investigation for new classes of organic electronics.</div>

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