scholarly journals The extracellular matrix: a new dimension in disease diagnosis and treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Susan Aungier ◽  
Kim Midwood
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
3D Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Function ◽  
Function Matrix

The extracellular matrix (ECM) forms the complex and dynamic 3D environment that defines tissue structure and function. Matrix molecules provide much of the microenvironmental plasticity that dictates cell behaviour, and their dysregulated expression is associated with a wide range of diseases including cancers, and inflammatory and fibrotic conditions. Here, we describe how these matrix molecules are beginning to be used for disease diagnosis and treatment.

Enhanced Structure and Function of Stem Cell-Derived Beta-Like Cells Cultured on Extracellular Matrix

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Singh ◽  
Richard Tan ◽  
Clara Tran ◽  
Thomas Loudovaris ◽  
Helen E. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Cells Cultured

scholarly journals Flavonoids in Skin Senescence Prevention and Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6814
Author(s):  
Anna Domaszewska-Szostek ◽  
Monika Puzianowska-Kuźnicka ◽  
Alina Kuryłowicz
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Cancer Susceptibility ◽  
Skin Aging ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Delayed Wound Healing ◽  
Secretory Phenotype ◽  
Cellular Pathways ◽  
And Function ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Skin aging is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells and is related to many pathological changes, including decreased protection against pathogens, increased susceptibility to irritation, delayed wound healing, and increased cancer susceptibility. Senescent cells secrete a specific set of pro-inflammatory mediators, referred to as a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which can cause profound changes in tissue structure and function. Thus, drugs that selectively eliminate senescent cells (senolytics) or neutralize SASP (senostatics) represent an attractive therapeutic strategy for age-associated skin deterioration. There is growing evidence that plant-derived compounds (flavonoids) can slow down or even prevent aging-associated deterioration of skin appearance and function by targeting cellular pathways crucial for regulating cellular senescence and SASP. This review summarizes the senostatic and senolytic potential of flavonoids in the context of preventing skin aging.

scholarly journals Breast cancer cell cyclooxygenase-2 expression alters extracellular matrix structure and function and numbers of cancer associated fibroblasts

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 17981-17994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaji Krishnamachary ◽  
Ioannis Stasinopoulos ◽  
Samata Kakkad ◽  
Marie-France Penet ◽  
Desmond Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Cancer Associated Fibroblasts ◽  
Matrix Structure ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Regulation of OmpA Translation and Shigella dysenteriae Virulence by an RNA Thermometer

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin R. Murphy ◽  
Johanna Roßmanith ◽  
Jacob Sieg ◽  
Megan E. Fris ◽  
Hebaallaha Hussein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bacterial Physiology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rna Thermometer ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACT RNA thermometers are cis-acting riboregulators that mediate the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in response to environmental temperature. Such regulation is conferred by temperature-responsive structural changes within the RNA thermometer that directly result in differential ribosomal binding to the regulated transcript. The significance of RNA thermometers in controlling bacterial physiology and pathogenesis is becoming increasingly clear. This study combines in silico, molecular genetics, and biochemical analyses to characterize both the structure and function of a newly identified RNA thermometer within the ompA transcript of Shigella dysenteriae. First identified by in silico structural predictions, genetic analyses have demonstrated that the ompA RNA thermometer is a functional riboregulator sufficient to confer posttranscriptional temperature-dependent regulation, with optimal expression observed at the host-associated temperature of 37°C. Structural studies and ribosomal binding analyses have revealed both increased exposure of the ribosomal binding site and increased ribosomal binding to the ompA transcript at permissive temperatures. The introduction of site-specific mutations predicted to alter the temperature responsiveness of the ompA RNA thermometer has predictable consequences for both the structure and function of the regulatory element. Finally, in vitro tissue culture-based analyses implicate the ompA RNA thermometer as a bona fide S. dysenteriae virulence factor in this bacterial pathogen. Given that ompA is highly conserved among Gram-negative pathogens, these studies not only provide insight into the significance of riboregulation in controlling Shigella virulence, but they also have the potential to facilitate further understanding of the physiology and/or pathogenesis of a wide range of bacterial species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document