scholarly journals GPNMB contributes to a vicious circle for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi-Juan Zhang ◽  
Zhong-Hua Cui ◽  
Yan Dong ◽  
Xiu-Wen Liang ◽  
Yan-Xin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Size Population

Abstract Osteoporosis (OP) is significant and debilitating comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesize that genetic variance identified with OP may also play roles in COPD. We have conducted a large-scale relation data analysis to explore the genes implicated with either OP or COPD, or both. Each gene linked to OP but not to COPD was further explored in a mega-analysis and partial mega-analysis of 15 independently collected COPD RNA expression datasets, followed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and literature-based pathway analysis to explore their functional linked to COPD. A multiple linear regression (MLR) model was built to study the possible influence of sample size, population region, and study date on the gene expression data in COPD. At the first step of the analysis, we have identified 918 genes associated with COPD, 581 with OP, and a significant overlap (P<2.30e-140; 210 overlapped genes). Partial mega-analysis showed that, one OP gene, GPNMB presented significantly increased expression in COPD patients (P-value = 0.0018; log fold change = 0.83). GPNMB was enriched in multiple COPD pathways and plays roles as a gene hub formulating multiple vicious COPD pathways included gene MMP9 and MYC. GPNMB could be a novel gene that plays roles in both COPD and OP. Partial mega-analysis is valuable in identify case-specific genes for COPD.

scholarly journals Urinary incontinence in female patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
M. Papadopoulos ◽  
I. Muller ◽  
S. Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Background: Urinary incontinence has been experienced as a problem since 1500 BC. In the twentieth century it is still a major problem that remains a source of distress for many sufferers. A lack of literature regarding the prevalence  of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) amongst chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients lead to this studyObjective: To determine the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in female COPD patients between the ages of 30 and 70 years.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 67 female COPD patients (aged 30-70 years) who were interviewed during a three month period. A structured COPD / incontinence questionnaire was used to obtain data. Statistical analysis of results included Fisher’s exact test and two-tailed t-tests. A p-value of < 0,05 was considered to be statistical significant.Results: The prevalence of SUI in female COPD patients was estimated as 82,1%. Smoking history was the only variable with a significant positive correlation regarding the patients presenting with SUI (p < 0,05). The proportion of smokers in the subjects presenting with SUI (SUI group - 29/55) is significantly higher than the subjects with no symptoms of SUI (normal group - 2/12).Discussion and Conclusion: The outcome of this study revealed a high prevalence of SUI in female COPD patients. Cigarette smoking, as the major contributing factor, revealed a strong statistical correlation between COPD and SUI.

scholarly journals A Novel Processing-Free Method for RNAseq Analysis of Spontaneous Sputum in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Ricci ◽  
Michele Bassi ◽  
Cathy M. McGeough ◽  
Gera L. Jellema ◽  
Mirco Govoni
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Molecular Transport ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Induced Sputum ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Copd Patients

Background: Assessments of airways inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) require semi-invasive procedures and specialized sample processing know-how. In this study we aimed to set up and validate a novel non-invasive processing-free method for RNA sequencing (RNAseq) of spontaneous sputum samples collected from COPD patients.Methods: Spontaneous sputum samples were collected and stabilized, with or without selection of plugs and with or without the use of a stabilizer specifically formulated for downstream diagnostic testing (PrimeStore® Molecular Transport Medium). After 8 days storage at ambient temperature RNA was isolated according to an optimized RNAzol® method. An average percentage of fragments longer than 200 nucleotides (DV200) &gt;30% and an individual yield &gt;50 ng were required for progression of samples to sequencing. Finally, to assess if the transcriptome generated would reflect a true endotype of COPD inflammation, the outcome of single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was validated using an independent set of processed induced sputum samples. Results: RNA extracted from spontaneous sputum using a stabilizer showed an average DV200 higher than 30%. 70% of the samples had a yield &gt;50 ng and were submitted to downstream analysis. There was a straightforward correlation in terms of gene expression between samples handled with or without separation of plugs. This was also confirmed by principal component analysis and ssGSEA. The top ten enriched pathways resulting from spontaneous sputum ssGSEA were associated to features of COPD, namely, inflammation, immune responses and oxidative stress; up to 70% of these were in common within the top ten enriched pathways resulting from induced sputum ssGSEA.Conclusion: This analysis confirmed that the typical COPD endotype was represented within spontaneous sputum and supported the current method as a non-invasive processing-free procedure to assess the level of sputum cell inflammation in COPD patients by RNAseq analysis.

The effect of uphill and downhill aerobic exercises on serum Apolipoprotein A1 and Apolipoprotein B levels and their ratio in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rostam Yazdani ◽  
Hamid Marefati ◽  
Armita Shahesmaeili ◽  
Alireza Bagheri ◽  
Ahmad Alinaghi Langari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Before And After

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health issue worldwide. Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercises at steep surfaces on Apo A1 and Apo B serum levels and their ratio in COPD patients. Methods: This interventional study was undertaken on 16 COPD patients. The sample was selected by using the random sampling method. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups of 8 members: uphill and downhill. Spirometry was conducted prior to the exercises and pulmonary volumes were measured. Aerobic exercises (stationary bicycle and treadmill) were started 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The duration of exercises in each session was determined based on the patients’ ability (30-40 min). In the first and second group, exercises were performed on sloped surfaces that were downwards and upwards at a 10-degree angle, respectively. Blood samples were taken from the patients before and after the 8 weeks. Apo A1 and Apo B serum levels and Apo A1 to Apo B ratio were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: ApoA1/Apo B ratio in the uphill group before and after the intervention was 1.43±0.21 and 1.53±0.24 mg/dL, respectively, with P-value=0.36. In the downhill group, this value was 1.27±0.17 and 1.30±0.18, respectively, with a P-value=0.032. Conclusion: In light of the results of the present study, incorporating downhill exercises in COPD patients' rehabilitation program can help improve pulmonary function and prevent atherosclerotic events.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccine in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3698
Author(s):  
Thitta Mohanty ◽  
Mahismita Patro ◽  
Jyotirmaya Sahoo ◽  
Bijaya Kumar Meher ◽  
Manoranjan Pattnaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccine ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Background: Pneumococcal infections are frequent cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations and though various guidelines recommend the use of pneumococcal vaccines routinely to COPD patients to prevent exacerbations, the data regarding the effectiveness of this vaccine is limited and contradictory. Aims and objectives was to compare the frequency of exacerbations in patients of COPD before and after administration of pneumococcal vaccine and to find out the frequency of exacerbations in patients of COPD who are vaccinated against those who are not vaccinated as well as to study the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccine will be analysed in respect to age, sex, Body mass index (BMI), severity of disease and other co-morbidity.Methods: This was a randomized non-placebo controlled trial, conducted from September 2013 to August 2015 including total of 150 patients divided into two groups: cases and controls. The cases were administered PPV23 along with specific medication and were followed up at intervals of 3months. Exacerbations were identified based on ANTHONISEN’S criteria. Number of exacerbations in each follow-up was recorded. The data from both the groups were analysed statistically.Results: After 1 year of follow up, there was significant reduction in mean number of exacerbations (p value <0.0001) in patients with COPD in vaccinated group. PPV23 was more effective in patients with COPD of less than 65 years of age and with severe and/or very severe airflow obstruction and also in patients with lower BMI (≤21kg/m2), females and with co-morbidities.Conclusions: This is an important strategy to prevent the repeated exacerbations in COPD patients particularly in severe and very severe disease groups and we support the recommendation that pneumococcal vaccine should be administered to these patients.

scholarly journals Discovering the Relative Efficacy of Inhaled Medications for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Multiple Treatment Comparisons

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1532-1546
Author(s):  
Ying Zhu ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Haiyan Li ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Qiong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Inhaled Medication

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is managed by three major classes of inhaled medications: inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), long-acting Beta 2-agonist (LABA), long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA). Single inhaled medication is usually replaced by combined inhaled medications for efficacy enhancement. However, this practice should be supported by clinical evidence for large-scale implementations. Methods: The relative efficacy of inhaled medications is determined by three endpoints: changes in the trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second (tFEV1), changes in the St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score and the proportion of SGRQ responders which represents a reduction in SGRQ total score at week 24 of ≥4.0. A total of 76 eligible studies were identified in PubMed and Embase. Relevant data were extracted for the purpose of evidence synthesis. Then, raw mean differences (MD) and odds ratios (ORs) were produced by using the network meta-analysis. Results: Patients with ICS + LABA, ICS + LABA + LAMA, LABA, LABA + LAMA, LAMA exhibited significant increases in the tFEV1 compared to those with placebo (P < 0.05). Moreover, patients with ICS + LABA + LAMA exhibited the largest increase in the average tFEV1 and the largest decrease in the average SGRQ scores compared to those with placebo. COPD patients with ICS + LABA + LAMA were far more likely to achieve a significant reduction in the SGRQ scores compared to those with placebo or other inhaled medications (OR > 1). Conclusions: The combined inhaled medication of ICS + LABA + LAMA may be more efficacious than other inhaled medications for COPD patients.

Study of Levels of Plasma Fibrinogen and its Association with Disease Severity in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3403-3405
Author(s):  
Ayesha Masood ◽  
Maria Amin ◽  
Fizza Qasim ◽  
Masroor H. Sharfi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Bode Index ◽  
Copd Patients

COPD has been recognized as a component of the systemic inflammatory syndrome. A commonly used indicator of the severity and progression of the disease in COPD is expiratory volume per second (FEV1). However, it is weakly associated with symptoms and administration difficulties in elderly patients. Therefore, there is a need for other markers that are better and easy to apply to sick and elderly patients. Plasma fibrinogen can be used as a marker of disease severity. Aim: To estimate the plasma fibrinogen level in patients with COPD and Relationship of levels of plasma fibrinogen with the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using the BODE classification and GOLD staging. Place and Duration: In the Medicine Unit-II of Jinnah Hospital Lahore for one-year duration from August 2020 to August 2021. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 110 COPD patients were assessed by measuring plasma fibrinogen correlated with disease severity using the GOLD scale, BODE index and the 6-minute walk test. Results: Plasma fibrinogen is present in all COPD patients. A significant correlation was observed between the BODE index (r = 0.69, p <0.001), gold grading (r = 0.95, p <0.001) and plasma fibrinogen levels. Most of the 110 subjects (34.5%) were Grade II, then Grade III 30.9%, 18.1% Grade IV and 14.5% Grade I. In our study, it was found that the average level of fibrinogen increased with the increase in the GOLD stage, which was statistically significant, and the p value was 0.01. Conclusions: Plasma fibrinogen levels are significantly higher in COPD and can be used as a marker correlating with disease severity in COPD. Keywords: COPD; plasma fibrinogen; GOLDEN stage; BODE index.

scholarly journals Assessment of CYP1A1 (MspI) Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R S Atta ◽  
K Y Shaheen ◽  
A I Hamed ◽  
W A Y Kabiel
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Cyp1a1 Mspi ◽  
Pcr Rflp

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, characterized by persistent and progressive airflow limitations. The etiology seems to be an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Objectives We aim in this present study to evaluate the role of Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1 MspI) (3801 T/C) gene polymorphism in the development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ( COPD) by PCR-RFLP. Subjects and Methods Our study was performed on 50 subjects ( 35 COPD patients & 15 control ). Pulmonary function test was performed for patient group,DNA extraction was done and polymorphism was assayed for all participants by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fraction length polymorphism ( PCR-RFLP). Results We found that smoking rate among COPD patients was significantly higher than the control group ( P value = 0.003). The genotypic distribution of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) 3801 T/C did not differ significantly between patients and healthy controls (P value = 0.78).As regards disease severity , the genotype distribution was found to be significantly different between GOLD 1&2 and Gold 3&4 groups. Combined TC +CC alleles was found in 6 patients ( 100%) of Gold 3&4 ( P value&lt;0.001) Conclusion Our study demonstrated that there is no relation between CYP1A1 gene polymorphism and development of COPD.It shows significant relation between COPD development and smoking, it also shows significant relation between MSPI gene polymorphism and disease severity regarding Gold staging and decline in lung function.

Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽  
Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽  
Catriona M. Steele ◽  
Renata Mancopes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

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