The effect of uphill and downhill aerobic exercises on serum Apolipoprotein A1 and Apolipoprotein B levels and their ratio in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health issue worldwide. Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercises at steep surfaces on Apo A1 and Apo B serum levels and their ratio in COPD patients. Methods: This interventional study was undertaken on 16 COPD patients. The sample was selected by using the random sampling method. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups of 8 members: uphill and downhill. Spirometry was conducted prior to the exercises and pulmonary volumes were measured. Aerobic exercises (stationary bicycle and treadmill) were started 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The duration of exercises in each session was determined based on the patients’ ability (30-40 min). In the first and second group, exercises were performed on sloped surfaces that were downwards and upwards at a 10-degree angle, respectively. Blood samples were taken from the patients before and after the 8 weeks. Apo A1 and Apo B serum levels and Apo A1 to Apo B ratio were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: ApoA1/Apo B ratio in the uphill group before and after the intervention was 1.43±0.21 and 1.53±0.24 mg/dL, respectively, with P-value=0.36. In the downhill group, this value was 1.27±0.17 and 1.30±0.18, respectively, with a P-value=0.032. Conclusion: In light of the results of the present study, incorporating downhill exercises in COPD patients' rehabilitation program can help improve pulmonary function and prevent atherosclerotic events.

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GPNMB contributes to a vicious circle for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20194459 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Xi-Juan Zhang ◽

Zhong-Hua Cui ◽

Yan Dong ◽

Xiu-Wen Liang ◽

Yan-Xin Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Large Scale ◽

Enrichment Analysis ◽

Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

P Value ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Size Population

Abstract Osteoporosis (OP) is significant and debilitating comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesize that genetic variance identified with OP may also play roles in COPD. We have conducted a large-scale relation data analysis to explore the genes implicated with either OP or COPD, or both. Each gene linked to OP but not to COPD was further explored in a mega-analysis and partial mega-analysis of 15 independently collected COPD RNA expression datasets, followed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and literature-based pathway analysis to explore their functional linked to COPD. A multiple linear regression (MLR) model was built to study the possible influence of sample size, population region, and study date on the gene expression data in COPD. At the first step of the analysis, we have identified 918 genes associated with COPD, 581 with OP, and a significant overlap (P<2.30e-140; 210 overlapped genes). Partial mega-analysis showed that, one OP gene, GPNMB presented significantly increased expression in COPD patients (P-value = 0.0018; log fold change = 0.83). GPNMB was enriched in multiple COPD pathways and plays roles as a gene hub formulating multiple vicious COPD pathways included gene MMP9 and MYC. GPNMB could be a novel gene that plays roles in both COPD and OP. Partial mega-analysis is valuable in identify case-specific genes for COPD.

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Urinary incontinence in female patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

South African Journal of Physiotherapy ◽

10.4102/sajp.v57i4.521 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 57 (4) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

M. Papadopoulos ◽

I. Muller ◽

S. Cullen

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Smoking History ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Copd Patients

Background: Urinary incontinence has been experienced as a problem since 1500 BC. In the twentieth century it is still a major problem that remains a source of distress for many sufferers. A lack of literature regarding the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) amongst chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients lead to this studyObjective: To determine the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in female COPD patients between the ages of 30 and 70 years.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 67 female COPD patients (aged 30-70 years) who were interviewed during a three month period. A structured COPD / incontinence questionnaire was used to obtain data. Statistical analysis of results included Fisher’s exact test and two-tailed t-tests. A p-value of < 0,05 was considered to be statistical significant.Results: The prevalence of SUI in female COPD patients was estimated as 82,1%. Smoking history was the only variable with a significant positive correlation regarding the patients presenting with SUI (p < 0,05). The proportion of smokers in the subjects presenting with SUI (SUI group - 29/55) is significantly higher than the subjects with no symptoms of SUI (normal group - 2/12).Discussion and Conclusion: The outcome of this study revealed a high prevalence of SUI in female COPD patients. Cigarette smoking, as the major contributing factor, revealed a strong statistical correlation between COPD and SUI.

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A CLINICAL STUDY ON SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF FORMOTEROL AND TIOTROPIUM COMBINATION COMPARED TO FORMOTEROL AND TIOTROPIUM WITH ROFLUMILAST COMBINATION IN TREATMENT OF MODERATE TO SEVERE CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE PATIENTS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i3.21871 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 184 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kavitha Devi M ◽

Sarumathy S ◽

Sarath Lal Sasidharan ◽

Sarumathy S ◽

Mehanaz Shaik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Comorbid Condition ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Before And After ◽

Study Population ◽

Group B

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of formoterol and tiotropium combination compared to formoterol and tiotropium with roflumilast combination in treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients on inhaled combination therapy. Methods: A comparative prospective interventional study was carried out in 61 COPD patients who were visiting the pulmonary medicine ward during 6 months (October 2016 to March 2017). The patients were randomized into two groups. Group A patients received a combination of formoterol and tiotropium, whereas Group B patients received roflumilast along with formoterol and tiotropium combination. Spirometry tests were done to both the study population. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were noted at the initial visit and after the treatment. All the statistical analyses such as mean and p values were calculated using SPSS 14.0 version software. Results: The average age group of the study population was 57.63±8.3 years. Comorbid condition such as diabetes mellitus was higher in the study groups. Comparison of spirometry reports before and after drug administration in both groups was done. FEV1 and FVC were found to be statistically significant between the study group (0.001, p<0.05).The average mean change of FEV1 before and after treatment in Group B was found to be improved as compared to Group B (0.66). Conclusion: Tiotropium and formoterol with roflumilast combination were found to be safe and effective in moderate-to-severe COPD patients.

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Effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccine in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20184433 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. 3698

Author(s):

Thitta Mohanty ◽

Mahismita Patro ◽

Jyotirmaya Sahoo ◽

Bijaya Kumar Meher ◽

Manoranjan Pattnaik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pneumococcal Vaccine ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Airflow Obstruction ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

P Value ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Copd Patients

Background: Pneumococcal infections are frequent cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations and though various guidelines recommend the use of pneumococcal vaccines routinely to COPD patients to prevent exacerbations, the data regarding the effectiveness of this vaccine is limited and contradictory. Aims and objectives was to compare the frequency of exacerbations in patients of COPD before and after administration of pneumococcal vaccine and to find out the frequency of exacerbations in patients of COPD who are vaccinated against those who are not vaccinated as well as to study the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccine will be analysed in respect to age, sex, Body mass index (BMI), severity of disease and other co-morbidity.Methods: This was a randomized non-placebo controlled trial, conducted from September 2013 to August 2015 including total of 150 patients divided into two groups: cases and controls. The cases were administered PPV23 along with specific medication and were followed up at intervals of 3months. Exacerbations were identified based on ANTHONISEN’S criteria. Number of exacerbations in each follow-up was recorded. The data from both the groups were analysed statistically.Results: After 1 year of follow up, there was significant reduction in mean number of exacerbations (p value <0.0001) in patients with COPD in vaccinated group. PPV23 was more effective in patients with COPD of less than 65 years of age and with severe and/or very severe airflow obstruction and also in patients with lower BMI (≤21kg/m2), females and with co-morbidities.Conclusions: This is an important strategy to prevent the repeated exacerbations in COPD patients particularly in severe and very severe disease groups and we support the recommendation that pneumococcal vaccine should be administered to these patients.

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Severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with ‘exacerbator with emphysema phenotype’ is associated with potential biomarkers

Postgraduate Medical Journal ◽

10.1136/postgradmedj-2019-136599 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 96 (1131) ◽

pp. 28-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wendong Hao ◽

Manxiang Li ◽

Yunqing Zhang ◽

Cailian Zhang ◽

Ping Wang

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Mediators Of Inflammation ◽

Healthy Control

ObjectiveThe present study was designed to investigate the biomarkers levels of fractalkine (FKN), neutrophil elastase (NE) and matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with ‘exacerbator with emphysema phenotype’ and to evaluate the associations between the biomarkers levels and the severity of disease by spirometric measurements.MethodsA total of 84 COPD patients and 49 healthy controls were enrolled in our study. ELISA were utilised to detect the FKN, MMP-12 and NE in serum from all subjects.ResultsFKN (p<0.001), NE (p=0.039) and MMP-12 (p<0.001) in serum of COPD patients showed higher levels than that of healthy control subjects. Serum FKN (p<0.001), MMP-12 (p<0.001) and NE (p=0.043) levels were significantly higher in severe and very severe COPD patients than that in mild and moderate COPD patients. Circulating FKN, MMP-12 and NE expression levels were significantly elevated (p<0.001) in COPD smokers compared with COPD non-smokers. The smoke pack years were negatively correlated with FEV1%pred (r=−0.5036), FEV1/FVC ratio (r=−0.2847) (FEV, forced expiratory volume; FVC, forced vital capacity). Similarly, we observed a strong positive correlation between the smoke pack years and serum levels of FKN (r=0.4971), MMP-12 (r=0.4315) and NE (r=0.2754). FEV1%pred was strongly negatively correlated with cytokine levels of FKN (r=−0.4367), MMP-12 (r=−0.3295) and NE (r=−0.2684). Likewise, FEV1/FVC ratio was negatively correlated with mediators of inflammation levels of FKN (r=−0.3867), MMP-12 (r=−0.2941) and NE (r=−0.2153).ConclusionSerum FKN, MMP-12 and NE concentrations in COPD patients are directly associated with the severity of COPD with ‘exacerbator with emphysema phenotype’. This finding suggests that FKN, MMP-12 and NE might play an important role in the pathophysiology of COPD.

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Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 Is Released in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Clinical and Developmental Immunology ◽

10.1155/2007/52040 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2007 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Markus P. Radsak ◽

Christian Taube ◽

Philipp Haselmayer ◽

Stefan Tenzer ◽

Helmut R. Salih ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Myeloid Cells ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Potential Marker ◽

Copd Patients

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasingly recognized as a systemic disease that is associated with increased serum levels of markers of systemic inflammation. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is a recently identified activating receptor on neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophage subsets. TREM-1 expression is upregulated by microbial products such as the toll-like receptor ligand lipoteichoic acid of Gram-positive or lipopolysaccharides of Gram-negative bacteria. In the present study, sera from 12 COPD patients (GOLD stages I–IV,FEV151±6%) and 10 healthy individuals were retrospectively analyzed for soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1) using a newly developed ELISA. In healthy subjects, sTREM-1 levels were low (median 0.25 ng/mL, range 0–5.9 ng/mL). In contrast, levels of sTREM-1 in sera of COPD patients were significantly increased (median 11.68 ng/mL, range 6.2–41.9 ng/mL,P<.05). Furthermore, serum levels of sTREM-1 showed a significant negative correlation with lung function impairment. In summary, serum concentrations of sTREM-1 are increased in patients with COPD. Prospective studies are warranted to evaluate the relevance of sTREM-1 as a potential marker of the disease in patients with COPD.

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Study of Levels of Plasma Fibrinogen and its Association with Disease Severity in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

10.53350/pjmhs2115113403 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 3403-3405

Author(s):

Ayesha Masood ◽

Maria Amin ◽

Fizza Qasim ◽

Masroor H. Sharfi

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Plasma Fibrinogen ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

P Value ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Bode Index ◽

Copd Patients

COPD has been recognized as a component of the systemic inflammatory syndrome. A commonly used indicator of the severity and progression of the disease in COPD is expiratory volume per second (FEV1). However, it is weakly associated with symptoms and administration difficulties in elderly patients. Therefore, there is a need for other markers that are better and easy to apply to sick and elderly patients. Plasma fibrinogen can be used as a marker of disease severity. Aim: To estimate the plasma fibrinogen level in patients with COPD and Relationship of levels of plasma fibrinogen with the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using the BODE classification and GOLD staging. Place and Duration: In the Medicine Unit-II of Jinnah Hospital Lahore for one-year duration from August 2020 to August 2021. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 110 COPD patients were assessed by measuring plasma fibrinogen correlated with disease severity using the GOLD scale, BODE index and the 6-minute walk test. Results: Plasma fibrinogen is present in all COPD patients. A significant correlation was observed between the BODE index (r = 0.69, p <0.001), gold grading (r = 0.95, p <0.001) and plasma fibrinogen levels. Most of the 110 subjects (34.5%) were Grade II, then Grade III 30.9%, 18.1% Grade IV and 14.5% Grade I. In our study, it was found that the average level of fibrinogen increased with the increase in the GOLD stage, which was statistically significant, and the p value was 0.01. Conclusions: Plasma fibrinogen levels are significantly higher in COPD and can be used as a marker correlating with disease severity in COPD. Keywords: COPD; plasma fibrinogen; GOLDEN stage; BODE index.

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Assessment of CYP1A1 (MspI) Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa044.004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

R S Atta ◽

K Y Shaheen ◽

A I Hamed ◽

W A Y Kabiel

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Gene Polymorphism ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Cyp1a1 Mspi ◽

Pcr Rflp

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, characterized by persistent and progressive airflow limitations. The etiology seems to be an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Objectives We aim in this present study to evaluate the role of Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1 MspI) (3801 T/C) gene polymorphism in the development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ( COPD) by PCR-RFLP. Subjects and Methods Our study was performed on 50 subjects ( 35 COPD patients & 15 control ). Pulmonary function test was performed for patient group,DNA extraction was done and polymorphism was assayed for all participants by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fraction length polymorphism ( PCR-RFLP). Results We found that smoking rate among COPD patients was significantly higher than the control group ( P value = 0.003). The genotypic distribution of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) 3801 T/C did not differ significantly between patients and healthy controls (P value = 0.78).As regards disease severity , the genotype distribution was found to be significantly different between GOLD 1&2 and Gold 3&4 groups. Combined TC +CC alleles was found in 6 patients ( 100%) of Gold 3&4 ( P value<0.001) Conclusion Our study demonstrated that there is no relation between CYP1A1 gene polymorphism and development of COPD.It shows significant relation between COPD development and smoking, it also shows significant relation between MSPI gene polymorphism and disease severity regarding Gold staging and decline in lung function.

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Effectiveness of administration of bronchodilator by spacers, home-made spacers and nebulizers in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20192540 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 2417

Author(s):

Andrean Lesmana ◽

Amira Permatasari Tarigan ◽

Fajrinur Syarani

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Dry Powder Inhaler ◽

Dose Inhaler ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference ◽

Physiological Values

Background: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchodilator therapy using dry powder inhaler (DPI) or a measured dose inhaler (MDI) is more convenient at a lower cost than nebulizer therapy. Mistakes in the use of MDI often occur due to lack of coordination but with the addition of spacers, drawbacks in the use of this MDI can be overcome so that it does not require coordination. Commercial spacers are relatively expensive and not available anywhere while home-made spacers made from bottles of mineral water are very cheap and can be made alone. Study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of each device, namely a spacer, a home-made spacer and nebulizer.Methods: This study is an experimental study of 62 COPD patients who received bronchodilators using spacers, home-made spacers, and nebulizers. Spirometry is performed for each sample before and after bronchodilator administration to assess FEV1, KVP and changes in VAS dyspnea. The difference in the effectiveness of bronchodilators for various devices in COPD patients was statistically analyzed using the ANOVA test.Results: There were significant differences in the values of VEP1, KVP and VAS dyspnoea after bronchodilator administration through the spacer, home-made spacer and nebulizer (p<0.001), (p=0.002), (p<0.001). The increase in% VEP1 with a nebulizer device was higher than that of a spacer (p=0.001) and the increase in% VEP1 with the nebulizer device was also significantly significant compared to home-made spacer (p<0.001). The increase in% KVP with the nebulizer device was higher than that of home-made spacer (p<0.001), as well as between spacers and home-made spacers and this was significant (p=0.038). The decrease in VAS dyspnoea in patients using nebulizer device than the spacer (p<0.001). Decreasing VAS dyspnoea with nebulizer devices is higher compared to home-made spacers, also gives significant results (p<0.001). There were no differences in the decrease in VAS dyspnoea between spacers and home-made spacers.Conclusions: The administration of bronchodilators by use of three devices (spacers, home-made spacers and nebulizers) can significantly increase the values of FEV1, KVP and VAS dyspnoea. On the use of spacers and home-made spacers, the increase of pulmonary physiological values is not significantly different.

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Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/2019_ajslp-19-00095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 864-872

Author(s):

Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽

Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽

Catriona M. Steele ◽

Renata Mancopes

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

Sensory Function ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Age Related ◽

Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

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