Considerations and recent advances in neuroscience

Neuroscience is a rapidly developing area of science which has benefitted from the blurring of interdisciplinary boundaries. This was apparent in the range of papers presented at this year's Neuroscience Ireland Conference, held in Galway during August 2008. The event was attended by academics, postdoctoral and postgraduate researchers, scientists from industry and clinicians. The themes of this year's conference, neurodegeneration, neuroregeneration, pain, glial cell biology and psychopharmacology, were chosen for their reflection of areas of strength in neuroscience within Ireland. In addition to basic science, translational research also featured strongly.

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Recent Advances of Small Molecular Regulators Targeting G Protein- Coupled Receptors Family for Oncology Immunotherapy

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1568026619666190628115644 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (16) ◽

pp. 1464-1483 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Peng He ◽

Wenbo Zhou ◽

Mingyao Liu ◽

Yihua Chen

Keyword(s):

G Protein ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Immune Cell ◽

G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Immune Checkpoints ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

Prostaglandin E ◽

Recent Advances ◽

G Protein Coupled

The great clinical success of chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) and PD-1/PDL-1 inhibitor therapies suggests the drawing of a cancer immunotherapy age. However, a considerable proportion of cancer patients currently receive little benefit from these treatment modalities, indicating that multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms exist in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we mainly discuss recent advances in small molecular regulators targeting G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) that are associated with oncology immunomodulation, including chemokine receptors, purinergic receptors, prostaglandin E receptor EP4 and opioid receptors. Moreover, we outline how they affect tumor immunity and neoplasia by regulating immune cell recruitment and modulating tumor stromal cell biology. We also summarize the data from recent clinical advances in small molecular regulators targeting these GPCRs, in combination with immune checkpoints blockers, such as PD-1/PDL-1 and CTLA4 inhibitors, for cancer treatments.

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The Impact of Translational Research in Breast Cancer Care: Can we Improve the Therapeutic Scenario?

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520617666171103105247 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 832-836

Author(s):

Giuseppe Buono ◽

Francesco Schettini ◽

Francesco Perri ◽

Grazia Arpino ◽

Roberto Bianco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Translational Research ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Cancer Biology ◽

Hormone Receptors ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Growth Factor Receptor ◽

Molecular Heterogeneity ◽

Therapeutic Implications ◽

The Impact

Traditionally, breast cancer (BC) is divided into different subtypes defined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) according to the expression of hormone receptors and overexpression/amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with crucial therapeutic implications. In the last few years, the definition of different BC molecular subgroups within the IHC-defined subtypes and the identification of the important role that molecular heterogeneity can play in tumor progression and treatment resistance have inspired the search for personalized therapeutic approaches. In this scenario, translational research represents a key strategy to apply knowledge from cancer biology to the clinical setting, through the study of all the tumors “omics”, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, and metabolomics. Importantly, the introduction of new high-throughput technologies, such as next generation sequencing (NGS) for the study of cancer genome and transcriptome, greatly amplifies the potential and the applications of translational research in the oncology field. Moreover, the introduction of new experimental approaches, such as liquid biopsy, as well as new-concept clinical trials, such as biomarker-driven adaptive studies, may represent a turning point for BC translational research. </P><P> It is likely that translational research will have in the near future a significant impact on BC care, especially by giving us the possibility to dissect the complexity of tumor cell biology and develop new personalized treatment strategies.

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Basic Science and The NIH

Molecular Biology of the Cell ◽

10.1091/mbc.5.3.267 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 267-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Harold Varmus

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

New Orleans ◽

Annual Meeting ◽

Basic Science ◽

Cell Biology ◽

National Institutes Of Health ◽

Keynote Speech ◽

American Society

The following is an edited version of the Keynote Speech delivered at the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology by Harold Varmus, Director of the National Institutes of Health. The address, entitled Basic Science and the NIH, was given at the opening of the meeting in New Orleans on December 11, 1993. It was Varmus' first public policy talk as NIH Director.

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Corneal Epithelium: Cell Biology and Basic Science

Encyclopedia of the Eye ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-374203-2.00059-2 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 435-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.A. Stepp

Keyword(s):

Corneal Epithelium ◽

Basic Science ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Epithelium Cell

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Translational Research: Why Nursing’s Interdisciplinary Collaboration Is Essential

Research and Theory for Nursing Practice ◽

10.1891/1541-6577.24.1.9 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 9-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Nancy Fugate Woods ◽

Diane L. Magyary

Keyword(s):

Translational Research ◽

Research Agenda ◽

Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽

Nursing Leadership ◽

National Institutes Of Health ◽

Translational Science ◽

Community Based ◽

Critical Areas ◽

Developing Area ◽

Nih Roadmap

The heightened demand for benefit from scientific contributions has driven scientific initiatives such as the NIH Roadmap, the recently established Clinical Translational Science Awards, and requests for applications for funding by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Agency for Health Research and Quality (AHRQ) to support studies of translational efforts. Our article focuses on a rapidly developing area—translational research—and the value, if not necessity, of nursing’s contributions to interdisciplinary efforts. Our objectives are to: 1. Relate the changing nature of research (and clinical practice) to the need for interdisciplinary efforts in translational research; 2. Delineate the skills necessary for translation of research to clinical and community-based practice; 3. Review nursing’s contributions to national interdisciplinary initiatives; 4. Identify critical areas for nursing leadership in translational research and consequences of our absence from these efforts; and 5. Propose a translational research agenda for nursing.

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