Rates and potential mechanism of anaerobic nitrate-dependent microbial pyrite oxidation

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1280-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Bosch ◽  
Rainer U. Meckenstock
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Pyrite Oxidation ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Positive Results

Pyrite (FeS2) is a major iron- and sulfur-containing mineral phase in the environment. Oxidation of pyrite by aerobic micro-organisms has been well investigated. However, the reactivity of pyrite under anoxic conditions is still an open question. In the present paper, we summarize field and laboratory data on this chemolithotrophic respiration process with nitrate as terminal electron acceptor. Geochemical and stable isotope field data indicate that this process is occurring. Laboratory studies are more ambiguous, but recent positive results provide evidence that anaerobic microbial pyrite oxidation can, in fact, occur with nitrate as electron acceptor.

Effects of terminal electron acceptor strength on film morphology and ternary memory performance of triphenylamine donor based devices

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (24) ◽  
pp. 3816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhuang ◽  
Qijian Zhang ◽  
Yongxiang Zhu ◽  
Xufeng Xu ◽  
Haifeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor

Magnetovibrio blakemorei gen. nov., sp. nov., a magnetotactic bacterium ( Alphaproteobacteria : Rhodospirillaceae ) isolated from a salt marsh

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_5) ◽  
pp. 1824-1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis A. Bazylinski ◽  
Timothy J. Williams ◽  
Christopher T. Lefèvre ◽  
Denis Trubitsyn ◽  
Jiasong Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Anaerobic Growth ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Magnetotactic Bacterium ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

A magnetotactic bacterium, designated strain MV-1T, was isolated from sulfide-rich sediments in a salt marsh near Boston, MA, USA. Cells of strain MV-1T were Gram-negative, and vibrioid to helicoid in morphology. Cells were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. The cells appeared to display a transitional state between axial and polar magnetotaxis: cells swam in both directions, but generally had longer excursions in one direction than the other. Cells possessed a single chain of magnetosomes containing truncated hexaoctahedral crystals of magnetite, positioned along the long axis of the cell. Strain MV-1T was a microaerophile that was also capable of anaerobic growth on some nitrogen oxides. Salinities greater than 10 % seawater were required for growth. Strain MV-1T exhibited chemolithoautotrophic growth on thiosulfate and sulfide with oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor (microaerobic growth) and on thiosulfate using nitrous oxide (N2O) as the terminal electron acceptor (anaerobic growth). Chemo-organoautotrophic and methylotrophic growth was supported by formate under microaerobic conditions. Autotrophic growth occurred via the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle. Chemo-organoheterotrophic growth was supported by various organic acids and amino acids, under microaerobic and anaerobic conditions. Optimal growth occurred at pH 7.0 and 26–28 °C. The genome of strain MV-1T consisted of a single, circular chromosome, about 3.7 Mb in size, with a G+C content of 52.9–53.5 mol%.Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain MV-1T belongs to the family Rhodospirillaceae within the Alphaproteobacteria , but is not closely related to the genus Magnetospirillum . The name Magnetovibrio blakemorei gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed for strain MV-1T. The type strain of Magnetovibrio blakemorei is MV-1T ( = ATCC BAA-1436T  = DSM 18854T).

Phasic availability of terminal electron acceptor on oxygen reduction reaction in microbial fuel cell

2017 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Shanthi Sravan ◽  
Sai Kishore Butti ◽  
Anil Verma ◽  
S. Venkata Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor

Porcellio spinicornis Say (Isopoda) demography. II. A comparison between field and laboratory data

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 825-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. McQueen
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Field Population ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Terrestrial Isopod ◽  
Independent Laboratory ◽  
Demographic Study ◽  
June July ◽  
Rates Of Growth

Field data from a demographic study of the terrestrial isopod Porcellio spinicornis Say were analyzed and compared with laboratory data reported by McQueen and Carnio. On the study area, which covered 482.8 m2, it was observed that reproduction began when average temperatures were > 13 °C, and that about 86% of the individuals produced one brood and about 30% produced two broods. During 1972, 25 654 offspring were produced and during 1973, 27 664 offspring resulted from reproduction, which took place during May, June, July, and August. By October of both years, these animals attained sizes ranging from 10 to 30 mg and exhibited 42 to 47% survivorship. During the next summer, females grew to between 30 and 50 mg and males to between 20 and 40 mg, and survivorship ranged from 15% in May to 2% in August. During the third summer, females attained sizes ranging from 80 to 100 mg and males from 40 to 70 mg. Survivorship during this period ranged from 1% in May to 0% in August. All rates of growth, reproduction, and survival, as well as reproductive periodicity, agreed with independent laboratory studies conducted under controlled conditions. During the 3 years studied the field population remained relatively constant and appeared to be limited by temperature conditions.

scholarly journals COMPOSITION, MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF QUATERNARY CLAYS OF THE PRIKHANKAYSKAYA DEPRESSION (PRIMORYE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-34
Author(s):  
T. G. RYASHCHENKO ◽  
N. N. UKHOVA ◽  
S. I. SHTELMAKH ◽  
N. I. BELYANINA ◽  
P. S. BELYANIN
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Microstructural Parameters ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Study Results

The article considers the study results of composition, microstructure and physical-chemical properties of the quaternary clays of the Prikhankayskaya depression in district of the lake Khanka (Primorye) on the example of air-dry samples of geological borehole 45-b in the range of 18–62 m. The objective of research was to obtain new information about the properties of widespread clay sediments in this area using geologic-lithological materials and laboratory data. The schematic geologic-lithological column was composed with the selection of various zones in the quaternary clay sediments section and the border with sediments of the Neogene System. The methodological scheme of laboratory studies of clays was proposed. This scheme includes the determination of chemical and microelement composition, clay minerals, contents of carbonates, water-soluble salts, mobile forms of aluminum oxide, humus, as well as microstructural parameters (method «Microstructure») and some physical-chemical properties. Geochemical coefficients (Kz, CIA, CIW, ICV) determined the degree of chemical maturity of clays and confirmed the results of palynological studies reflecting the fluctuations of the climatic conditions of their formation. For the group of toxic microelements for the first time the special indicator (Zc) was calculated. Which was the criterion for a degree of pollution of the clay sediments section. Clay minerals of the quaternary clays are represented by smectite and hydromica. The clear change in the mineral association was found when passing to the Neogene sediments (kaolinite prevails). The method «Microstructure» revealed the aggregated type of clays microstructure, the domination of the particles of coarse dust fraction among the primary (free) particles and the almost complete absence of the particles of fine-grained sand fraction, the participation of various fractions in the composition of aggregates. The variants of the formation of certain types of aggregates (on sizes) in the fluviolacustrine «khankayskiy» clays are presented. Solid part density, water resistance (soaking time), sedimentation volume, plasticity, relative swelling (samples-pastes) were determined using standard methods for clays. By special methods, the cation exchange capacity was measured and the calculated values of the plasticity index were obtained from forecasting formulas using the yield limit. The proposed methodological scheme of complex laboratory studies of clay sediments can be recommended for problematic geologic-lithological and engineering-geological sections.

Effect of ascorbate on oxygen uptake and growth of Escherichia coli B

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 822-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly E. Richter ◽  
Jacek Switala ◽  
Peter C. Loewen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Anaerobic Growth ◽  
Rich Medium ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Subsequent Change ◽  
Escherichia Coli B

The addition of ascorbate to aerobically growing cultures of Escherichia coli B caused only a short pause in growth and no subsequent change in the rate or extent of growth. The effect of ascorbate on oxygen uptake varied from inhibition in minimal medium to stimulation in rich medium. Cyanide-resistant growth and oxygen uptake were stimulated by ascorbate. Both the rate and extent of anaerobic growth were stimulated in proportion to the amount of ascorbate added when fumarate was the terminal electron acceptor. Ascorbate had no effect on any aspect of anaerobic growth in the absence of a terminal electron acceptor or in the presence of nitrate.

scholarly journals Geobacter sulfurreducens Can Grow with Oxygen as a Terminal Electron Acceptor

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 2525-2528 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Lin ◽  
M. V. Coppi ◽  
D. R. Lovley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Geobacter Sulfurreducens ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Anoxic Conditions ◽  
Strict Anaerobe ◽  
Subsurface Environments

ABSTRACT Geobacter sulfurreducens, previously classified as a strict anaerobe, tolerated exposure to atmospheric oxygen for at least 24 h and grew with oxygen as the sole electron acceptor at concentrations of 10% or less in the headspace. These results help explain how Geobacter species may survive in oxic subsurface environments, being poised to rapidly take advantage of the development of anoxic conditions.

Anaerobic Degradation of Toluene and Xylene—Evidence for Sulphate as the Terminal Electron Acceptor

1991 ◽  
pp. 463-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Edwards ◽  
L.E. Wills ◽  
D. Grbić-Galić ◽  
M. Reinhard
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Anaerobic Degradation ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor
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