The Plasma Kinin-Forming System in Labour

1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-438
Author(s):  
M. Malofiejew
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Human Myometrium ◽  
Plasma Kallikrein ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Second Stage Of Labour ◽  
Isolated Rat ◽  
Kallikrein Inhibitors ◽  
Plasma Kinin

1. The plasma of non-pregnant women contains practically no kinins and only traces of kallikrein. Treatment of the plasma with kaolin produces additional amounts of kallikrein from prekallikrein and of kinin from kininogen. 2. During the second stage of labour, plasma kallikrein is increased and the amount of kallikrein inhibitors is decreased. The plasma kinin-forming activity is only slightly increased due, apparently, to a fall in plasma kininogen. 3. Plasma kallikrein causes a rise in the contractile tonus of the isolated rat and human myometrium.

scholarly journals Thyroid storm in the second stage of labour: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. e243159
Author(s):  
Yudianto Budi Saroyo ◽  
Achmad Kemal Harzif ◽  
Beryliana Maya Anisa ◽  
Fistyanisa Elya Charilda
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Thyroid Storm ◽  
Lung Oedema ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Second Stage Of Labour ◽  
Failure Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Levels ◽  
Peripartum Period ◽  
In Pregnancy

A thyroid storm (or thyroid crisis) is an emergency in endocrinology. It is a form of complication of hyperthyroidism that can be life-threatening. Inadequate control of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy could develop into thyroid storm, especially in the peripartum period. We present a woman came in the second stage of labour, with thyroid storm, superimposed pre-eclampsia, acute lung oedema and impending respiratory failure. Treatment for thyroid storm, pre-eclampsia protocol and corticosteroid was delivered. The baby was born uneventfully, while the mother was discharged after 5 days of hospitalisation. Delivery is an important precipitant in the development of thyroid storm in uncontrolled hyperthyroidism in pregnancy. Although very rare, it can cause severe consequences. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for thyroid storm were available and should be done aggressively and immediately. Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism should be prevented by adequate control in thyroid hormone levels, especially before the peripartum period.

scholarly journals Clincial Experience with Patient-Controlled and Staff-Administered Intermittent Bolus Epidural Analgesia in Labour

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Paech ◽  
T. J. G. Pavy ◽  
C. Sims ◽  
M. D. Westmore ◽  
J. M. Storey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Obstetric Delivery ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Intermittent Bolus ◽  
Second Stage Of Labour ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Maximum Pain ◽  
Delivery Unit ◽  
Ib Method

A prospective randomized study was Performed to detail clinical experience with both patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and midwife-administered intermittent bolus (IB) epidural analgesia during labour, under the conditions pertaining in a busy obstetric delivery unit. Both methods used 0.125% bupivacaine plus fentanyl, and similar rescue supplementation although management decisions related to epidural analgesia were made principally by attending midwives One hundred and ninety-eight women were recruited and data analysed from 167 (PCEA n = 82 IB n=85) The groups were demographically similar. Median hourly pain scores, ratings of analgesia and satisfaction did not differ Maximum pain scores were significantly higher in those receiving IB epidural analgesia (P<0.05). The PCEA group had a significantly higher rate of supplementation and bupivacaine use (P<0.01), and a longer duration of the second stage of labour (P<0.03) The relative risk of instrumental delivery with PCEA versus the IB method was 1.57 (CI 1.07–2.38) Experience within our unit with PCEA is contrasted with that of IB epidural analgesia, the method most commonly used; and with that of controlled trials comparing these two methods.

scholarly journals Expression of TASK and TREK, two-pore domain K+ channels, in human myometrium

Reproduction ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xilian Bai ◽  
George J Bugg ◽  
Susan L Greenwood ◽  
Jocelyn D Glazier ◽  
Colin P Sibley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Human Myometrium ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Excitable Cells ◽  
K Channels ◽  
Myometrial Cells ◽  
Channel Proteins ◽  
A Site ◽  
Pore Domain

Two-pore domain K+channels are an emerging family of K+channels that may contribute to setting membrane potential in both electrically excitable and non-excitable cells and, as such, influence cellular function. The human uteroplacental unit contains both excitable (e.g. myometrial) and non-excitable cells, whose function depends upon the activity of K+channels. We have therefore investigated the expression of two members of this family, TWIK (two-pore domain weak inward rectifying K+channel)-related acid-sensitive K+channel (TASK) and TWIK-related K+channel (TREK) in human myometrium. Using RT-PCR the mRNA expression of TASK and TREK isoforms was examined in myometrial tissue from pregnant women. mRNAs encoding TASK1, 4 and 5 and TREK1 were detected whereas weak or no signals were observed for TASK2, TASK3 and TREK2. Western blotting for TASK1 gave two bands of approximately 44 and 65 kDa, whereas TREK1 gave bands of approximately 59 and 90 kDa in myometrium from pregnant women. TASK1 and TREK1 immunofluorescence was prominent in intracellular and plasmalemmal locations within myometrial cells. Therefore, we conclude that the human myometrium is a site of expression for the two-pore domain K+channel proteins TASK1 and TREK1.

The quality of intrapartum cardiotocography in preterm labour

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohal Faiz ◽  
Eline M. Van ’t Hof ◽  
Gerard J. Colenbrander ◽  
Ralf Lippes ◽  
Petra C.A.M. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Labour ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Signal Quality ◽  
Foetal Heart Rate ◽  
Signal Loss ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Second Stage Of Labour

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study is to determine the quality of the foetal heart rate (FHR) recording, defined as signal loss, during preterm labour below 28 weeks gestational age (GA) and contribute to the discussion if cardiotocography (CTG) is of value for the extreme preterm foetus. Methods From January 2010 to December 2019 a retrospective study was conducted with data of 95 FHR recordings of singletons born between 24 and 28 weeks GA at the Amsterdam University Medical Centre, location VUmc. FHR tracings had a duration of at least 30 min and were obtained via external ultrasound mode. Data of all recordings were divided in two groups according to gestation (24–26 weeks and 26–28 weeks). Signal loss was analysed. Statistical significance was calculated by non-parametric tests and chi-square tests. The median signal loss and the proportion of cases exceeding the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Guidelines (FIGO) threshold of 20% signal loss were calculated. Results One-third of the recordings exceeded the 20% FIGO-criterion for adequate signal quality during the first stage of labour. In the second stage, this was nearly 75%. Similarly, the median signal loss was 13% during the first and 30% during the second stage of labour (p<0.01). Conclusions The quality of FHR monitoring in the extreme preterm foetus is inadequate in a large proportion of the foetuses, especially during the second stage. FHR monitoring is therefore controversial and should be used with caution.

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