Some Properties of Human Platelet Monoamine Oxidase in Iron-Deficiency Anaemia

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. H. Youdim ◽  
D. G. Grahame-Smith ◽  
H. F. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Heat Inactivation ◽  
Binding Studies ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase

1. Monoamine oxidase activity in platelets prepared from the blood of patients with iron-deficiency anaemia was significantly lowered when compared with that in platelets from normal subjects. 2. The Km values of the platelet enzyme for the substrates dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, phenylethylamine and kynuramine were similar for the platelet enzyme from iron-deficient and normal groups. 3. Heat-inactivation studies showed that the platelet monoamine oxidase from iron-deficient subjects was more labile to this treatment, when compared with the platelet enzyme from normal subjects. 4. The sensitivity of platelet monoamine oxidase to the inhibitors, clorgyline and deprenil, was increased in iron-deficiency anaemia. 5. Binding studies with the 14C-binding irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, deprenil, showed that the amount of enzyme capable of binding this inhibitor was lowered by 48% in platelets from iron-deficient patients when compared with platelets from normal subjects. 6. The results show that there is a lowered amount of active enzyme in platelets from iron-deficient subjects. It is suggested that iron is necessary either for the synthesis of monoamine oxidase apoenzyme or is a cofactor for an enzyme which attaches flavin—adenine dinucleotide covalently to the monoamine oxidase apoenzyme.

Human Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Iron-Deficiency Anaemia

1975 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Moussa ◽  
H. F. Woods ◽  
B. Mitchell ◽  
D. G. Grahame-Smith ◽  
Sheila Callender
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Activity ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Platelet Monoamine Oxidase

1. The activity of monoamine oxidase, when assayed with four substrates, was significantly lowered in platelets prepared from the blood of patients with iron-deficiency anaemia. 2. Treatment with oral iron preparations restored platelet monoamine oxidase activity to normal in those patients whose serum iron concentrations also returned to normal. 3. Platelet monoamine oxidase activity remained low if treatment failed to restore serum iron concentration to within normal limits.

463 THE USE OF FERINJECT TO MANAGE IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH NECK OF FEMUR FRACTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii8-ii13
Author(s):  
O Meakin ◽  
S Adejumo
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Eligible Patient ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Neck Of Femur ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Iron Deficient

Abstract Introduction Iron-deficiency anaemia is a condition that is regularly seen in patients admitted with neck of femur fractures (NOFF) and is associated with increased morbidity peri-operatively. Intravenous ferinject is a method of iron replacement that leads to a more rapid increase in haemoglobin than oral replacement, therefore is often more favourable in this patient group, leading to better patient outcomes. Method A quality improvement project was undertaken. An initial audit was conducted to analyse the demographic of patients with NOFF and to assess the current practice of the orthogeriatric team when managing iron deficiency anaemia. This reviewed NOFF patients admitted in July 2017. The indications and benefits of ferinject were distributed to the medical team, encouraging use clinically, and a further audit was performed 2 years later to compare outcomes and practice, reviewing patients with NOFF admitted July–September 2019. Results It was found that 87% of patients with NOFF are iron-deficient on admission, and that introducing the use of ferinject meant that 50% fewer blood transfusions were required. Additionally, it highlighted that those who received ferinject during their admission had a smaller range of discharge haemoglobin levels than those who did not. Finally, it was found that the use of ferinject did not affect the rates of readmission in the assessed patient cohort. Conclusions The introduction of the use of ferinject in NOFF patients with iron-deficiency anaemia leads to a reduction in the requirement of blood transfusions required and to a reduction of the range of discharge haemoglobin levels. Ferinject therefore aids in improved recovery of NOFF patients. It does not, however, appear to have any effect on readmission rates in this patient group. Further education is required amongst the orthogeriatric team about the indications and benefits of ferinject to ensure that all eligible patient receive ferinject, improving their recovery.

Audit of the prevalence and investigation of iron deficiency anaemia in patients with heart failure in hospital practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (1134) ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Steny Simon ◽  
Adam Ioannou ◽  
Stuart Deoraj ◽  
Sofia Metaxa ◽  
Amit K J Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Iron Replacement

Purpose of the studyIron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in heart failure patients. The aim of our audit was to evaluate the current practice in diagnosis and assessment of IDA in patients admitted with heart failure.Study designWe conducted a retrospective audit of patients admitted to our hospital between January 2017 and June 2017 with a diagnosis of heart failure, and obtained data regarding each patient’s demographics and anaemic status. We also conducted a qualitative survey to assess healthcare professionals’ ability to diagnose IDA, and their knowledge of iron replacement in heart failure patients.ResultsOur audit identified 218 heart failure patients, nearly two-thirds (n=138, 63.3%) of which were anaemic. Of the 138 anaemic patients, only 40 had a full haematinic screen compared with 98 who had incomplete investigations (29% vs 71%, p=0.007). Iron studies were the most commonly performed haematinic investigation (n=87, 63%), and over half of these patients were iron deficient (n=49, 56.3%). Only 12 (24.5%) iron deficient patients were prescribed oral iron therapy, while 37 (75.5%) were left without iron replacement (X2=12.8, p=0.0003). Our survey demonstrated a lack of awareness among healthcare professionals with only 19.7% of participants being able to correctly define anaemia and 9.1% being aware of guidelines regarding treatment of IDA.ConclusionMany patients admitted to hospital with heart failure also have a concomitant diagnosis of anaemia. The aetiology of the underlying anaemia is often poorly investigated, and where IDA is identified it is poorly treated.

scholarly journals Low prevalence of iron-deficiency anaemia among Inuit preschool children: Nunavut Inuit Child Health Survey, 2007–2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1415-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Pacey ◽  
Hope Weiler ◽  
Grace M Egeland
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Household Crowding ◽  
Low Prevalence

AbstractObjectiveTo report the prevalence rates and correlates for anaemia, iron deficiency (ID) and iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) among Inuit preschool-aged children.DesignA cross-sectional study assessed iron intake, demographic information, medical history, anthropometrics, Hb, ferritin, C-reactive protein and antibodies toHelicobacter pylori.SettingSixteen selected Inuit communities in Nunavut Territory, Canada.SubjectsInuit (n388) aged 3–5 years randomly recruited from communities.ResultsAnaemia (3–4 years: Hb < 110 g/l; 5 years: Hb < 115 g/l) was prevalent in 16·8 % of children. The prevalence of ID (ferritin < 12 μg/l) was 18·0 % and that of IDA was 5·4 %. When ID was defined as ferritin <10 μg/l, 10·8 % of children were iron deficient and 3·3 % had IDA. In multiple logistic regression, boys were more likely to be iron deficient (OR = 2·28, 95 % CI 1·17, 8·25), but no other risk factor emerged for ID. Three- to 4-year-olds were less likely than 5-year-olds to have anaemia from causes other than ID (OR = 0·11, 95 % CI 0·08, 0·58). Anaemia from other causes was more common among children residing in crowded homes (OR = 2·30, 95 % CI 1·37, 12·31) and those treated for past-year ear infection (OR = 1·35, 95 % CI 1·05, 7·21).ConclusionsThe low prevalence of ID and IDA is encouraging, but efforts are still needed to reduce rates as they continue to be higher than general population rates. Household crowding and infections may contribute to anaemia and warrant further research.

scholarly journals Standardization & Development of Rat Model with Iron Deficiency Anaemia Utilising Commercial Available Iron Deficient Food

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Mansee Kapil Thakur ◽  
Smital Sameer Kulkarni ◽  
Nimain Mohanty ◽  
Nitin. N. Kadam ◽  
Niharika S. Swain
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Peripheral Smear ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Before And After

Many research centres have developed various animal models with Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) by using iron deficient feeds as well as different chemicals. Model for iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in rats has been created by the use of iron elimination from diet components as much as possible. The present study elaborates and concludes the development of IDA rat model by investigating different parameters like body weight, haematological indices, peripheral smear, immunoassay studies and histopathological studies using commercially available iron deficient diet. 12 Wistar albino female rats weighing 180-200 gm were selected with normal haemoglobin range of 12 - 15 g/dL purchased from Bombay Veterinary College, Parel and divided into two groups – Control (3 no. of rats) and Test (9 no. of rats). The test group was fed with iron deficient diet (VRK Nutritional Solutions) whereas control group was fed with standard diet. The time duration of the study was 5 weeks (35 days) and 6 weeks (42 days). Retro orbital blood for both control and treated was drawn at both time intervals so as to analyse haematological and immunoassay studies. Peripheral smear staining was carried out to observe the gross morphology of RBCs for iron deficient and control rats. The body weights were recorded before and after treatment and statistical significance was calculated. Post exposure rats were dissected and organs like heart, kidney, liver, lungs and spleen were collected for histopathological analysis. Our results showed decreased levels of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), reticulocyte count, serum iron (SI), serum ferritin (SF) and an increase in total iron binding capacity (TIBC). in IDA animals exposed to 42 days of iron deficient diet. Significant difference (p<0.5) was observed in body weights of rats when compared with the data before and after treatment. The peripheral smear has indicated microcytic hypochromic RBCs in test group confirming development of IDA model. The histopathological results revealed the abnormality at cellular level like congestion of blood vessels in heart, congestion and centrilobular hepatocyte with inflammatory cell infiltration in liver, perivasculitis in lungs and decrease in white pulp in spleen whereas kidney were found normal. Our results clearly demonstrate iron deficient rat model when administered with IDA feed. This model can be used for estimation of efficiency of new food products and food supplements enriched with iron.

scholarly journals A case study of Human iron deficiency Anaemia in different age groups from Ujjain (M.P.) India

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
MANJU JUNWAL ◽  
◽  
BHAI ISMAIL ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Red Cell Count

Iron deficiency Anaemia is the most common case of nutritional Anaemia worldwide and is a public health problem in developing countries; characterized by abnormal red cell count (MCV, MCHC). Iron deficiency Anaemia associated with fatigue, skin paleness, weakness etc. The aim of the study is to determine the risk factors for iron deficiency Anaemia among population of Ujjain district (M.P.). Both male and female iron deficient patients were studied from the SS hospital and CHL applo hospitals during Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2012. A group of 6828 patients were studied for iron deficiency Anaemia in different age groups. A total of 4549 female and 2279 males were studied. Information was collected about sex, socioeconomic level. It is inferred that the percentage of anaemia is more in women compared to men.

A Preliminary Study of Iron Absorption by Whole Body Counting and Correlation with DFO Excretion

1975 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
M. M. Gupta ◽  
R. Manchanda ◽  
L. Bhattacharyya ◽  
M. Bhargva ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Whole Body Counting

SummaryA preliminary study of iron absorption by whole body counting was carried on a group of 16 women. The cases included 8 patients suffering from iron deficiency anaemia and various infections as well as 8 healthy controls. High iron absorption is associated with iron dificiency, these changes being more marked in iron deficient controls than in those with infection or malignancy. In iron deficient controls results of whole body counting correlate very well with other haematological investigations.

scholarly journals Improvement in Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Iron Deficiency Anaemia among Iron-Deficient Female Adolescents after Nutritional Educational Intervention

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan O. Jalambo ◽  
Razinah Sharif ◽  
Ihab A. Naser ◽  
Norimah A. Karim
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Anaemia and iron deficiency are very common worldwide among female adolescents. There is a dearth of literature concerning the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). The magnitude of anaemia as a health problem is enormous and can be engaged by increasing awareness and the promotion of correct attitudes and practices. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education intervention in iron deficiency anaemia on the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among iron-deficient female adolescents in the Gaza Strip. In this intervention study, 89 female adolescents aged 15–19 were recruited and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Both of the groups received iron supplementation (ferrous fumarate 200 mg) weekly for three months. The intervention group attended nutrition education sessions for 3 months, while the control group did not. The two groups completed KAP questionnaires at baseline and after six months. The nutrition education intervention consisted of lectures, presentations, interactive discussions using posters, and the distribution of information booklets and brochures about proper nutrition, and was conducted for three months. KAP and overall scores before and after the intervention were compared using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test, as the scores did not show normal distribution. Our findings revealed that overall, the female adolescents’ knowledge improved significantly after a nutrition education intervention, as the percentage of good knowledge (≥50 %) was 22.7% pre-nutrition educational intervention, and increased to 90.9% post intervention (p <0.001) in the intervention group. Attitude and practice also improved from 36.4% and 54.5% at pre-test to 75.5 % and 75.5% (p <0.001 and p <0.002) at post-test, respectively. Nutrition education intervention has an impact on improving knowledge, attitude and practices of iron-deficient female adolescents compared with control. The nutrition programme should be adopted and integrated into comprehensive intervention programmes to target IDA among adolescents at various levels in Palestine.

scholarly journals Iron Intake and Status of Children Aged 6-36 Months in Europe: A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 80-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Eussen ◽  
Martine Alles ◽  
Lieke Uijterschout ◽  
Frank Brus ◽  
Judith van der Horst-Graat
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Deficient

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder in the world. Young children are particularly vulnerable to the consequences of iron deficiency because of their rapidly developing brain. This review evaluates the prevalence of inadequate iron intake and iron deficiency (anaemia) in European children aged 6-36 months. Summary: Computerized searches for relevant articles were performed in November 2013. A total of 7,297 citations were screened and 44 studies conducted in 19 European countries were included in this review. In both infants (6-12 months) and young children (12-36 months), the mean value of iron intakes in most countries was close to the RDA. Nevertheless, proportions of inadequate intakes were considerable, ranging from about 10% in the Netherlands up to 50% in Austria, Finland and the United Kingdom. The prevalence of iron deficiency varied between studies and was influenced by children's characteristics. Two to 25% of infants aged 6-12 months were found to be iron deficient, with a higher prevalence in those who were socially vulnerable and those who were drinking cow's milk as a main type of drink in their first year of life. In children aged 12-36 months, prevalence rates of iron deficiency varied between 3 and 48%. Prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in both age groups was high in Eastern Europe, as high as 50%, whereas the prevalence in Western Europe was generally below 5%. Key Messages: In most European countries, mean iron intakes of infants and children aged 6 to 36 months were found to be close to the RDA. Nevertheless, high proportions of inadequate intakes and high prevalence rates of iron deficiency were observed. Health programs should (keep) focus(ing) on iron malnutrition by educating parents on food choices for their children with iron-rich and iron-fortified foods, and encourage iron supplementation programmes where iron intakes are the lowest.

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