Labetalol in Hypertensive Patients with Angina Pectoris: Beneficial Effect of Combined α- and β-Adrenoreceptor Blockade

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 283s-286s
Author(s):  
W. F. Lubbe ◽  
D. A. White
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Isotonic Exercise ◽  
Final Treatment ◽  
Stepwise Reduction ◽  
Blood Pressures

1. Eight hypertensive patients with angina pectoris had placebo added to their existing medications for 8 weeks, then incremental doses of active labetalol with simultaneous stepwise reduction in other medicines until blood pressure was satisfactorily controlled; after that only labetalol and thiazide (8 weeks) and finally labetalol-placebo together with previous β-adrenoreceptor antagonists and thiazide for 4 weeks were administered. 2. During the labetalol plus thiazide period resting blood pressures and measurements obtained during isotonic exercise, isometric exercise and the cold pressor test were significantly lower than during the initial placebo addition period. Angina scores were significantly reduced during this period. 3. During the final treatment with placebo, β-adrenoreceptor antagonist and thiazide, blood pressures remained reduced, but angina was significantly worse. 4. Labetalol which antagonizes both α- and β-adrenoreceptors produced better relief of angina pectoris than β-adrenoreceptor antagonists during improvement in blood pressure in hypertensive patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of Cardiovascular Autonomic Functions to Predict Development of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Nandini Kapoor ◽  
Rajeev Sharma ◽  
Munish Ashat ◽  
Anju Huria ◽  
Ghansham Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Dynamometer Test

Aim: This study aimed at performing autonomic function tests to predict PIH at early stage of pregnancy. Methods: 200 pregnant women between 12 to 20 weeks of gestation were selected for study. Handgrip dynamometer test (HGT) and Cold pressor test (CPT) were performed to assess sympathetic cardiovascular functions. Result: It was observed that 31 women out of 200 pregnant women developed PIH subsequently. ROC curve analysis was done to find out cut off values of high sensitivity and specificity for rise in systolic blood pressure (_SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (_DBP) during CPT and HGT. It was observed that out of 31 women who developed PIH/PE, 87.1% had _SBP _14mm Hg (cut off value) and 83.9% had _DBP _10mm Hg (cut off value) during CPT, both of which were statistically significant (p<0.001). Similarly for HGT, 31 women who developed PIH, _SBP _16 mm Hg and _DBP _14 mm Hg (cut off values) was observed in 96.8% and 83.9% women respectively (p< 0.001). Discriminant analysis showed that the reliability of both the tests in predicting PIH was very high (p<0.001). Conclusion: Thus it can be concluded from the study that heightened blood pressure response to physiological stimuli like cold and isometric exercise early in pregnancy could be used as a suitable tool to predict development of PIH. Key words: Cold pressor test, early detection, Handgrip dynamometer test, PIH DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v6i1.5251 NJOG 2011; 6(1): 41-45

scholarly journals The Basic Cardiovascular Responses to Postural Changes, Exercise, and Cold Pressor Test: Do They Vary in Accordance with the Dual Constitutional Types of Ayurveda?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyush Kumar Tripathi ◽  
Kishor Patwardhan ◽  
Girish Singh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Isotonic Exercise ◽  
Postural Changes

According to Ayurveda, the native Indian system of healthcare, threeDoshas, namely,Vata,Pitta, andKapha, are the basic mutually reciprocal mechanisms that are responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis in human beings. Ayurveda classifies entire human population into seven constitutional types(Prakriti), based on the dominance of any single or a combination of two or threeDoshas. Considering the fact that, in the recent past there have been several studies that have proposed some important genetic, biochemical and haematological bases forPrakriti, we conducted the present study in 90 randomly selected clinically healthy volunteers belonging to dual constitutional types (Dvandvaja Prakriti) to evaluate the variability of heart rate and arterial blood pressure in response to specific postural changes, exercise, and cold pressor test. The results of this study, in general, suggest that these basic cardiovascular responses do not vary significantly as per the dual constitutional types. However, we noted a significant fall in the diastolic blood pressure immediately after performing the isotonic exercise for five minutes, inVata-Kaphaindividuals in comparison to the other two groups, namely,Pitta-KaphaandVata-Pitta.

scholarly journals l-Citrulline supplementation attenuates blood pressure, wave reflection and arterial stiffness responses to metaboreflex and cold stress in overweight men

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Figueroa ◽  
Stacey Alvarez-Alvarado ◽  
Salvador J. Jaime ◽  
Roy Kalfon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Wave Reflection ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Exercise Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Afterload

AbstractCombined isometric exercise or metaboreflex activation (post-exercise muscle ischaemia (PEMI)) and cold pressor test (CPT) increase cardiac afterload, which may lead to adverse cardiovascular events. l-Citrulline supplementation (l-CIT) reduces systemic arterial stiffness (brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV)) at rest and aortic haemodynamic responses to CPT. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of l-CIT on aortic haemodynamic and baPWV responses to PEMI+CPT. In all, sixteen healthy, overweight/obese males (age 24 (sem 6) years; BMI 29·3 (sem 4·0) kg/m2) were randomly assigned to placebo or l-CIT (6 g/d) for 14 d in a cross-over design. Brachial and aortic systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), aortic augmented pressure (AP), augmentation index (AIx), baPWV, reflection timing (Tr) and heart rate (HR) were evaluated at rest and during isometric handgrip exercise (IHG), PEMI and PEMI+CPT at baseline and after 14 d. No significant effects were evident after l-CIT at rest. l-CIT attenuated the increases in aortic SBP and wave reflection (AP and AIx) during IHG, aortic DBP, MAP and AIx during PEMI, and aortic SBP, DBP, MAP, AP, AIx and baPWV during PEMI+CPT compared with placebo. HR and Tr were unaffected by l-CIT in all conditions. Our findings demonstrate that l-CIT attenuates aortic blood pressure and wave reflection responses to exercise-related metabolites. Moreover, l-CIT attenuates the exaggerated arterial stiffness response to combined metaboreflex activation and cold exposure, suggesting a protective effect against increased cardiac afterload during physical stress.

Increased Sympathetic Activity and Blood Pressure in Young Asymptomatic Men with ‘Organic’ T-Wave Aberrations in the Electrocardiogram

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 283s-285s ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-H. Atterhog ◽  
K. Eliasson ◽  
P. Hjemdahl
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Asymptomatic Men

1. Twelve asymptomatic young men with ‘primary’ T-wave aberrations in the electrocardiogram (group T) and 13 matched controls were subjected to a mental stress test, isometric exercise and a cold pressor test. 2. Plasma catecholamines and haemodynamics were studied. 3. Group T had signs of increased sympathetic activity at rest and enhanced sympatho-adrenal reactivity during stress. 4. Systolic blood pressure was consistently elevated in group T. 5. The T-wave aberrations may be explained by the increased sympathetic activity. 6. Several similarities exist between group T and borderline hypertensive subjects.

A New Isometric Exercise Training Induced Reductions of Resting Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients- An Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
Lim Boon Hooi ◽  
Khadijah Berhanuddin ◽  
Teo Eng Wah ◽  
Nguyen Van Bac ◽  
Pham Thanh Anh Khoa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Resting Blood Pressure

Exploring the effects of oily fish consumption on measures of acute and long-term stress in healthy 8-9-year-old children: The FiSK Junior randomized trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Marie N Teisen ◽  
Stine Vuholm ◽  
Jesper M Rantanen ◽  
Jeppe H Christensen ◽  
Camilla T Damsgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Autonomic Response ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Oily Fish ◽  
Fish Group

Abstract Long-chain n-3 PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA) have been shown to reduce blood pressure, heart rate and vagal tone, but potential stress-mitigating effects of n-3 LCPUFA are not well investigated. We aim to explore the effects of oily fish consumption on long-term stress and the stress response in schoolchildren. Healthy 8-9-year-old children were randomized to receive ~300 g/week of oily fish or poultry for 12 ± 2 weeks. At baseline and endpoint, we measured erythrocyte n-3 LCPUFA, hair cortisol and the response to a 1-min cold pressor test (CPT) on saliva cortisol, blood pressure, and continuous electrocardiogram recordings. Of the 199 randomized children, 197 completed the trial. Hair cortisol did not differ between the groups, but a sex-interaction was indicated (Psex*group = 0.074, difference between means -0.9 (95% CI: -2.9,1.0) ng/g and 0.7 (-0.2,1.6) ng/g in boys and girls, respectively). The children in the fish group tended to be less prone to terminate CPT prematurely (OR 0.20 [0.02,1.04]). The mean heart beat interval during CPT was 18.2 (0.3,36.6) ms longer and the high frequency power increased (159 (29,289) ms2) in the fish versus the poultry group. The cardiac autonomic response in the 10 min following CPT was characterized by a sympathetic peak followed by a parasympathetic peak, which was most pronounced in the fish group. This exploratory study does not support a strong effect of oily fish consumption on stress, but indicates that oily fish consumption may increase vagal cardiac tone during the physiological response to CPT. These results warrant further investigation.

Variability of the haemodynamic responses to laboratory tests employed in assessment of neural cardiovascular regulation in man

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Parati ◽  
Guido Pomidossi ◽  
Agustin Ramirez ◽  
Bruno Cesana ◽  
Giuseppe Mancia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Cardiovascular Regulation ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Carotid Baroreceptor ◽  
Baroreceptor Stimulation

1. In man evaluation of neural cardiovascular regulation makes use of a variety of tests which address the excitatory and reflex inhibitory neural influences that control circulation. Because interpretation of these tests is largely based on the magnitude of the elicited haemodynamic responses, their reproducibility in any given subject is critical. 2. In 39 subjects with continuous blood pressure (intra-arterial catheter) and heart rate monitoring we measured (i) the blood pressure and heart rate rises during hand-grip and cold-pressor test, (ii) the heart rate changes occurring during baroreceptor stimulation and deactivation by injection of phenylephrine and trinitroglycerine, and (iii) the heart rate and blood pressure changes occurring with alteration in carotid baroreceptor activity by a neck chamber. Each test was carefully standardized and performed at 30 min intervals for a total of six times in each subject. 3. The results showed that the responses to any test were clearly different from one another and that this occurred in all subjects studied. For the group as a whole the average response variability (coefficient of variation) ranged from 10.2% for the blood pressure response to carotid baroreceptor stimulation to 44.2% for the heart rate response to cold-pressor test. The variability of the responses was not related to basal blood pressure or heart rate, nor to the temporal sequence of the test performance. 4. Thus tests employed for studying neural cardiovascular control in man produce responses whose reproducibility is limited. This phenomenon may make it more difficult to define the response magnitude typical of each subject, as well as its comparison in different conditions and diseases.

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